P/Invoke declarations should be portable
TypeName |
PInvokeDeclarationsShouldBePortable |
CheckId |
CA1901 |
Category |
Microsoft.Portability |
Breaking Change |
Breaking - If the P/Invoke is visible outside the assembly.Non Breaking - If the P/Invoke is not visible outside the assembly. |
Cause
This rule is evaluates the size of each parameter and the return value of a P/Invoke and verifies that their size when marshaled to unmanaged code on 32-bit and 64-bit platforms is correct. The most common violation of this rule is to pass a fixed-sized integer where a platform-dependent pointer-sized variable is required.
Rule Description
This rule fires on either of the following scenarios:
The return value or parameter is typed as a fixed-size integer when it should be typed as an IntPtr.
The return value or parameter is typed as an IntPtr when it should be typed as a fixed-size integer.
How to Fix Violations
You can fix this violation by using IntPtr or UIntPtr to represent handles instead of Int32 or UInt32.
When to Suppress Warnings
You should not suppress this warning.
Example
The following example demonstrates a violation of this rule.
internal class NativeMethods
{
[DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Auto)]
internal static extern IntPtr ExtractIcon(IntPtr hInst,
string lpszExeFileName, IntPtr nIconIndex);
}
In this example, the nIconIndex parameter is declared as a IntPtr, which is 4 bytes wide on a 32-bit platform and 8 bytes wide on a 64-bit platform. In the unmanaged declaration that follows, you can see that nIconIndex is a 4 byte unsigned integer on all platforms.
HICON ExtractIcon(HINSTANCE hInst, LPCTSTR lpszExeFileName,
UINT nIconIndex);
To fix the violation, change the declaration to the following:
internal class NativeMethods{
[DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Auto)]
internal static extern IntPtr ExtractIcon(IntPtr hInst,
string lpszExeFileName, uint nIconIndex);
}