How to handle file activation (XAML)

Artikel
08/31/2015

An app can register to become the default handler for a certain file type. Both desktop apps and Windows Runtime apps can register to be a default file handler. If the user chooses your app as the default handler for a certain file type, your app will be activated every time that type of file is launched.

We recommend that you only register for a file type if you expect to handle all file launches for that type of file. If your app only needs to use the file type internally, then you don't need to register to be the default handler. If you do choose to register for a file type, you must provide the end user with the functionality that is expected when your app is activated for that file type. For example, a picture viewer app may register to display a .jpg file. For more info on file associations, see Guidelines for file types and URIs.

These steps show how to register for a custom file type, .alsdk, and how to activate your app when the user launches an .alsdk file.

Note

In Windows Phone Store apps, certain URIs and file extensions are reserved for use by built-in apps and the operating system. Attempts to register your app with a reserved URI or file extension will be ignored. For more information, see the list on this page.

Instructions

Step 1: Specify the extension point in the package manifest

The app receives activation events only for the file extensions listed in the package manifest. Here's how you indicate that your app handles the files with the .alsdk extension.

Double click to open package.appxmanifest in Solution Explorer.

See Programmatic Identifiers for more details of identifiers used by file associations. Here is a brief description of each of the fields that you may fill in the package manifest:

Field	Description
Content Type	Specify the MIME content type, such as image/jpeg, for a particular file type. Important Note about allowed content types: Here is an alphabetic list of MIME content types that you cannot enter into the package manifest because they are either reserved or forbidden: application/force-download, application/octet-stream, application/unknown, application/x-msdownload.
Name	Choose a name for a group of file types that share the same display name, logo, info tip, and edit flags. Choose a group name that can stay the same across app updates. Note The Name must be in all lower case letters.
Info Tip	Specify the info tip for a group of file types. This tool tip text appears when the user hovers on the icon for a file of this type.
Edit Flags	Specify the edit flags for a group of file types. The edit flags control how a file is accessed when it is acquired from an untrusted source. The OpenIsSafe flag indicates that the Open verb for the file type can be safely invoked for any downloaded files. AlwaysUnsafe flag indicates that the option to automatically invoke the Open verb for the file type is disabled. The user can override this attribute through the File Type dialog box. Use of this flag means OpenIsSafe is not respected. It prevents the Never ask me check box from being enabled on the security dialog when opening untrusted files of this type.
Display Name	Specify the display name for a group of file types. The display name is used to identify the file type in the Set Default Programs on the Control Panel.
Logo	Specify the logo that is used to identify the file type on the desktop and in the Set Default Programs on the Control Panel. If no Logo is specified, the application’s small logo is used.
File type	Specify the file type to register for, preceded by a period, for example, “.jpeg”." Reserved and forbidden file types Here are alphabetic lists of file types that you can't register for your app because they are either reserved or forbidden: Note For Windows Store apps Accountpicture-ms, Appx, application, Appref-ms, Bat, Cer, Chm, Cmd, Com, Cpl, crt, dll, drv, Exe, fon, gadget, Hlp, Hta, Inf ,Ins, jse, lnk, Msi, Msp, ocx, pif, Ps1, Reg, Scf, Scr, Shb, Shs, Sys, ttf, url, Vbe, Vbs, Ws, Wsc, Wsf, Wsh Note For Windows Phone Store apps Windows Phone reserves the following file types for built-in apps. aac, aetx, asf, bmp, cer, dotm, dotx, gif, hdp, htm, html, ico, icon, jpeg, jpg, jxr, m4a, m4rm, m4v, mov, mp3, mp4, one, onetoc2, p7b, pem, png, pptm, pptx, qcp, rtf, tif, tiff, txt, url, vcf, wav, wdp, wmv, xap, xht, xhtml, xltm, xltx, xml, xsl, zip Windows Phone reserves the following file types for the operating system. ade, adp, app, application, apprefms, asp, bas, bat, cab, chm, cmd, cnt, com, cpf, cpl, crd, crds, crt, csh, der, dll, exe, fxp, gadget, grp, hlp, hme, hpj, hta, inf, ins, isp, its, jar, js, jse, ksh, lnk, mad, maf, mag, mam, maq, mar, mas, mat, mau, mav, maw, mcf, mda, mdb, mde, mdt, mdw, mdz, msc, msh, msh1, msh1xml, msh2, msh2xml, mshxml, msi, msp, mst, msu, ops, pcd, pif, pl, plg, plsc, prf, prg, printerexport, provxml, ps1, ps1xml, ps2, ps2xml, psc1, psc2, psm1, pst, pvw, py, pyc, pyo, rb, rbw, rdp, reg, rgu, scf, scr, shb, shs, theme, tmp, tsk, url, vb, vbe, vbp, vbs, vhd, vhdx, vsmacros, vsw, webpnp, ws, wsc, wsf, wsh, xaml, xdp, xip, xnk
Desired View (Windows-only)	Specify the Desired View field to indicate the amount of space the app’s window needs when it is launched for the file type. The possible values for Desired View are Default, UseLess, UseHalf, UseMore, or UseMinimum. Note Windows takes into account multiple different factors when determining the target app's final window size, for example, the preference of the source app, the number of apps on screen, the screen orientation, and so on. Setting Desired View doesn't guarantee a specific windowing behavior for the target app. Windows 8.1: Desired View is not supported until Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2. Windows Phone: Desired View isn't supported for Windows Phone.

Select the Declarations tab.
Select File Type Associations from the drop-down list and click Add.
Enter alsdk as the Name.
Enter .alsdk as the File Type.
Enter “images\Icon.png” as the Logo.
Press Ctrl+S to save the change to package.appxmanifest.

This adds an Extension element like this one to the package manifest. The windows.fileTypeAssociation category indicates that the app handles files with the .alsdk extension.

<Package xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/2010/manifest" xmlns:m2="https://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/2013/manifest">
   <Applications>
      <Application Id="AutoLaunch.App">
         <Extensions>
            <Extension Category="windows.fileTypeAssociation">
                <FileTypeAssociation Name="alsdk">
                  <DisplayName>SDK Sample File Type</DisplayName>
                  <Logo>images\logo.png</Logo>
                  <InfoTip>SDK Sample tip </InfoTip>
                  <EditFlags OpenIsSafe="true" />
                  <SupportedFileTypes>
                     <FileType ContentType="image/jpeg">.alsdk</FileType>
                  </SupportedFileTypes>
               </FileTypeAssociation>
            </Extension>
         </Extensions>
      </Application>
   </Applications>
</Package>

Step 2: Add the proper icons

Apps that become the default for a file type have their icons displayed in various places throughout the system. For example these icons are shown in:

Windows Explorer ItemsView, context menus, and the Ribbon
Default programs Control Panel
File picker
Search results on the Start screen

We recommend that you include the proper icons with your project so that your logo looks great in all of these places. For a Windows Store app, include in your image folder 16/32/48/256 pixel versions for the small logo and icon sizes. For a Windows Phone Store app, include 63/129/336 pixel versions instead. Match the look of the app tile logo with the color plate baked in and have the logo extend to the edge without padding it. Test your icons on white backgrounds. For example icons, see the Association launching sample.

Step 3: Handle the activated event

The OnFileActivated event handler receives all file activation events.

protected override void OnFileActivated(FileActivatedEventArgs args)
{
       // TODO: Handle file activation

       // The number of files received is args.Files.Size
       // The first file is args.Files[0].Name
}

Protected Overrides Sub OnFileActivated(ByVal args As Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.FileActivatedEventArgs)
      ' TODO: Handle file activation

      ' The number of files received is args.Files.Size
      ' The first file is args.Files(0).Name
End Sub

void App::OnFileActivated(Windows::ApplicationModel::Activation::FileActivatedEventArgs^ args)
{
       // TODO: Handle file activation

       // The number of files received is args->Files->Size
       // The first file is args->Files->GetAt(0)->Name
}

Note

When launched via File Contract, Windows Phone Store apps should make sure that Back button takes the user back to the screen that launched the app and not to the app's previous content.

It is recommended that apps create a new XAML Frame for each activation event that opens a new page. This way, the navigation backstack for the new XAML Frame will not contain any previous content that the app might have on the current window when suspended. Apps that decide to use a single XAML Frame for Launch and File Contracts should clear the pages on the Frame's navigation journal before navigating to a new page.

When launched via File activation, apps should consider including UI that allows the user to go back to the top page of the app.

Remarks

The files that you receive could come from an untrusted source. We recommend that you validate the content of a file before taking action on it. For more info on input validation, see Writing Secure Code.