SQLBrowseConnect Function

Artikel
02/28/2023

Conformance
Version Introduced: ODBC 1.0 Standards Compliance: ODBC

Summary
SQLBrowseConnect supports an iterative method of discovering and enumerating the attributes and attribute values required to connect to a data source. Each call to SQLBrowseConnect returns successive levels of attributes and attribute values. When all levels have been enumerated, a connection to the data source is completed and a complete connection string is returned by SQLBrowseConnect. A return code of SQL_SUCCESS or SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO indicates that all connection information has been specified and the application is now connected to the data source.

Syntax

  
SQLRETURN SQLBrowseConnect(  
     SQLHDBC         ConnectionHandle,  
     SQLCHAR *       InConnectionString,  
     SQLSMALLINT     StringLength1,  
     SQLCHAR *       OutConnectionString,  
     SQLSMALLINT     BufferLength,  
     SQLSMALLINT *   StringLength2Ptr);

Arguments

ConnectionHandle
[Input] Connection handle.

InConnectionString
[Input] Browse request connection string (see "InConnectionString Argument" in "Comments").

StringLength1
[Input] Length of *InConnectionString in characters.

OutConnectionString
[Output] Pointer to a character buffer in which to return the browse result connection string (see "OutConnectionString Argument" in "Comments").

If OutConnectionString is NULL, StringLength2Ptr will still return the total number of characters (excluding the null-termination character for character data) available to return in the buffer pointed to by OutConnectionString.

BufferLength
[Input] Length, in characters, of the *OutConnectionString buffer.

StringLength2Ptr
[Output] The total number of characters (excluding null-termination) available to return in *OutConnectionString. If the number of characters available to return is greater than or equal to BufferLength, the connection string in *OutConnectionString is truncated to BufferLength minus the length of a null-termination character.

Returns

SQL_SUCCESS, SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO, SQL_NEED_DATA, SQL_ERROR, SQL_INVALID_HANDLE, or SQL_STILL_EXECUTING.

Diagnostics

When SQLBrowseConnect returns SQL_ERROR, SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO, or SQL_NEED_DATA, an associated SQLSTATE value can be obtained by calling SQLGetDiagRec with a HandleType of SQL_HANDLE_STMT and a Handle of ConnectionHandle. The following table lists the SQLSTATE values commonly returned by SQLBrowseConnect and explains each one in the context of this function; the notation "(DM)" precedes the descriptions of SQLSTATEs returned by the Driver Manager. The return code associated with each SQLSTATE value is SQL_ERROR, unless noted otherwise.

SQLSTATE	Error	Description
01000	General warning	Driver-specific informational message. (Function returns SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO.)
01004	String data, right truncated	The buffer *OutConnectionString was not large enough to return the entire browse result connection string, so the string was truncated. The buffer *StringLength2Ptr contains the length of the untruncated browse result connection string. (Function returns SQL_NEED_DATA.)
01S00	Invalid connection string attribute	An invalid attribute keyword was specified in the browse request connection string (InConnectionString). (Function returns SQL_NEED_DATA.) An attribute keyword was specified in the browse request connection string (InConnectionString) that does not apply to the current connection level. (Function returns SQL_NEED_DATA.)
01S02	Value changed	The driver did not support the specified value of the ValuePtr argument in SQLSetConnectAttr and substituted a similar value. (Function returns SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO.)
08001	Client unable to establish connection	The driver was unable to establish a connection with the data source.
08002	Connection name in use	(DM) The specified connection had already been used to establish a connection with a data source, and the connection was open.
08004	Server rejected the connection	The data source rejected the establishment of the connection for implementation-defined reasons.
08S01	Communication link failure	The communication link between the driver and the data source to which the driver was attempting to connect failed before the function completed processing.
28000	Invalid authorization specification	Either the user identifier or the authorization string or both, as specified in the browse request connection string (InConnectionString), violated restrictions defined by the data source.
HY000	General error	An error occurred for which there was no specific SQLSTATE and for which no implementation-specific SQLSTATE was defined. The error message returned by SQLGetDiagRec in the *MessageText buffer describes the error and its cause.
HY001	Memory allocation error	(DM) The Driver Manager was unable to allocate memory required to support execution or completion of the function. The driver was unable to allocate memory required to support execution or completion of the function.
HY008	Operation canceled	An asynchronous operation was canceled by calling SQLCancelHandle Function. Then, the original function was called again on the ConnectionHandle. An operation was canceled by calling SQLCancelHandle on the ConnectionHandle from a different thread in a multithread application.
HY010	Function sequence error	(DM) An asynchronously executing function (not this one) was called for the ConnectionHandle and was still executing when this function was called.
HY013	Memory management error	The function call could not be processed because the underlying memory objects could not be accessed, possibly because of low memory conditions.
HY090	Invalid string or buffer length	(DM) The value specified for argument StringLength1 was less than 0 and was not equal to SQL_NTS. (DM) The value specified for argument BufferLength was less than 0.
HY114	Driver does not support connection level asynchronous function execution	(DM) The application enabled the asynchronous operation on the connection handle before making the connection. However, the driver does not support asynchronous operation on connection handle.
HYT00	Timeout expired	The login timeout period expired before the connection to the data source completed. The timeout period is set through SQLSetConnectAttr, SQL_ATTR_LOGIN_TIMEOUT.
HYT01	Connection timeout expired	The connection timeout period expired before the data source responded to the request. The connection timeout period is set through SQLSetConnectAttr, SQL_ATTR_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT.
IM001	Driver does not support this function	(DM) The driver corresponding to the specified data source name does not support the function.
IM002	Data source not found and no default driver specified	(DM) The data source name specified in the browse request connection string (InConnectionString) was not found in the system information, nor was there a default driver specification. (DM) ODBC data source and default driver information could not be found in the system information.
IM003	Specified driver could not be loaded	(DM) The driver listed in the data source specification in the system information or specified by the DRIVER keyword was not found or could not be loaded for some other reason.
IM004	Driver's SQLAllocHandle on SQL_HANDLE _ENV failed	(DM) During SQLBrowseConnect, the Driver Manager called the driver's SQLAllocHandle function with a HandleType of SQL_HANDLE_ENV and the driver returned an error.
IM005	Driver's SQLAllocHandle on SQL_HANDLE_DBC failed	(DM) During SQLBrowseConnect, the Driver Manager called the driver's SQLAllocHandle function with a HandleType of SQL_HANDLE_DBC and the driver returned an error.
IM006	Driver's SQLSetConnectAttr failed	(DM) During SQLBrowseConnect, the Driver Manager called the driver's SQLSetConnectAttr function and the driver returned an error.
IM009	Unable to load translation DLL	The driver was unable to load the translation DLL that was specified for the data source or for the connection.
IM010	Data source name too long	(DM) The attribute value for the DSN keyword was longer than SQL_MAX_DSN_LENGTH characters.
IM011	Driver name too long	(DM) The attribute value for the DRIVER keyword was longer than 255 characters.
IM012	DRIVER keyword syntax error	(DM) The keyword-value pair for the DRIVER keyword contained a syntax error.
IM014	The specified DSN contains an architecture mismatch between the Driver and Application	(DM) 32-bit application uses a DSN connecting to a 64-bit driver; or vice versa.
IM017	Polling is disabled in asynchronous notification mode	Whenever the notification model is used, polling is disabled.
IM018	SQLCompleteAsync has not been called to complete the previous asynchronous operation on this handle.	If the previous function call on the handle returns SQL_STILL_EXECUTING and if notification mode is enabled, SQLCompleteAsync must be called on the handle to do post-processing and complete the operation.
S1118	Driver does not support asynchronous notification	When the driver does not support asynchronous notification, you cannot set SQL_ATTR_ASYNC_DBC_EVENT or SQL_ATTR_ASYNC_DBC_RETCODE_PTR.

InConnectionString Argument

A browse request connection string has the following syntax:

connection-string ::= attribute[;] | attribute ; connection-string;
attribute ::= attribute-keyword=attribute-value | DRIVER=[{]attribute-value[}]
attribute-keyword ::= DSN | UID | PWD | driver-defined-attribute-keyword
attribute-value ::= character-string
driver-defined-attribute-keyword ::= identifier

where character-string has zero or more characters; identifier has one or more characters; attribute-keyword is not case-sensitive; attribute-value may be case-sensitive; and the value of the DSN keyword does not consist solely of blanks. Because of connection string and initialization file grammar, keywords and attribute values that contain the characters []{}(),;?*=!@ should be avoided. Because of the grammar in the system information, keywords and data source names cannot contain the backslash (\) character. For an ODBC 2.x driver, braces are required around the attribute value for the DRIVER keyword.

If any keywords are repeated in the browse request connection string, the driver uses the value associated with the first occurrence of the keyword. If the DSN and DRIVER keywords are included in the same browse request connection string, the Driver Manager and driver use whichever keyword appears first.

For information about how an application chooses a data source or driver, see Choosing a Data Source or Driver.

OutConnectionString Argument

The browse result connection string is a list of connection attributes. A connection attribute consists of an attribute keyword and a corresponding attribute value. The browse result connection string has the following syntax:

connection-string ::= attribute[;] | attribute ; connection-string
attribute ::= [*]attribute-keyword=attribute-value
attribute-keyword ::= ODBC-attribute-keyword | driver-defined-attribute-keyword
ODBC-attribute-keyword = {UID | PWD}[:localized-identifier] driver-defined-attribute-keyword ::= identifier[:localized-identifier] attribute-value ::= { attribute-value-list } | ? (The braces are literal; they are returned by the driver.)
attribute-value-list ::= character-string [:localized-character string] | character-string [:localized-character string] , attribute-value-list

where character-string and localized-character string have zero or more characters; identifier and localized-identifier have one or more characters; attribute-keyword is not case-sensitive; and attribute-value may be case-sensitive. Because of connection string and initialization file grammar, keywords, localized identifiers, and attribute values that contain the characters []{}(),;?*=!@ should be avoided. Because of the grammar in the system information, keywords and data source names cannot contain the backslash (\) character.

The browse result connection string syntax is used according to the following semantic rules:

If an asterisk (*) precedes an attribute-keyword, the attribute is optional and can be omitted in the next call to SQLBrowseConnect.
The attribute keywords UID and PWD have the same meaning as defined in SQLDriverConnect.
A driver-defined-attribute-keyword names the kind of attribute for which an attribute value may be supplied. For example, it might be SERVER, DATABASE, HOST, or DBMS.
ODBC-attribute-keywords and driver-defined-attribute-keywords include a localized or user-friendly version of the keyword. This might be used by applications as a label in a dialog box. However, UID, PWD, or the identifier alone must be used when passing a browse request string to the driver.
The {attribute-value-list} is an enumeration of actual values valid for the corresponding attribute-keyword. Note that the braces ({}) do not indicate a list of choices; they are returned by the driver. For example, it might be a list of server names or a list of database names.
If the attribute-value is a single question mark (?), a single value corresponds to the attribute-keyword. For example, UID=JohnS; PWD=Sesame.
Each call to SQLBrowseConnect returns only the information required to satisfy the next level of the connection process. The driver associates state information with the connection handle so that the context can always be determined on each call.

Using SQLBrowseConnect

SQLBrowseConnect requires an allocated connection. The Driver Manager loads the driver that was specified in or that corresponds to the data source name specified in the initial browse request connection string; for information about when this occurs, see the "Comments" section in SQLConnect Function. The driver may establish a connection with the data source during the browsing process. If SQLBrowseConnect returns SQL_ERROR, outstanding connections are terminated and the connection is returned to an unconnected state.

Note

SQLBrowseConnect does not support connection pooling. If SQLBrowseConnect is called while connection pooling is enabled, SQLSTATE HY000 (General error) will be returned.

When SQLBrowseConnect is called for the first time on a connection, the browse request connection string must contain the DSN keyword or the DRIVER keyword. If the browse request connection string contains the DSN keyword, the Driver Manager locates a corresponding data source specification in the system information:

If the Driver Manager finds the corresponding data source specification, it loads the associated driver DLL; the driver can retrieve information about the data source from the system information.
If the Driver Manager cannot find the corresponding data source specification, it locates the default data source specification and loads the associated driver DLL; the driver can retrieve information about the default data source from the system information. "DEFAULT" is passed to the driver for the DSN.
If the Driver Manager cannot find the corresponding data source specification and there is no default data source specification, it returns SQL_ERROR with SQLSTATE IM002 (Data source not found and no default driver specified).

If the browse request connection string contains the DRIVER keyword, the Driver Manager loads the specified driver; it does not attempt to locate a data source in the system information. Because the DRIVER keyword does not use information from the system information, the driver must define enough keywords so that a driver can connect to a data source using only the information in the browse request connection strings.

On each call to SQLBrowseConnect, the application specifies the connection attribute values in the browse request connection string. The driver returns successive levels of attributes and attribute values in the browse result connection string; it returns SQL_NEED_DATA as long as there are connection attributes that have not yet been enumerated in the browse request connection string. The application uses the contents of the browse result connection string to build the browse request connection string for the next call to SQLBrowseConnect. All mandatory attributes (those not preceded by an asterisk in the OutConnectionString argument) must be included in the next call to SQLBrowseConnect. Note that the application cannot use the contents of previous browse result connection strings when building the current browse request connection string; that is, it cannot specify different values for attributes set in previous levels.

When all levels of connection and their associated attributes have been enumerated, the driver returns SQL_SUCCESS, the connection to the data source is complete, and a complete connection string is returned to the application. The connection string is suitable to use, in conjunction with SQLDriverConnect, with the SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT option to establish another connection. The complete connection string cannot be used in another call to SQLBrowseConnect, however; if SQLBrowseConnect were called again, the entire sequence of calls would have to be repeated.

SQLBrowseConnect also returns SQL_NEED_DATA if there are recoverable, nonfatal errors during the browse process; for example, an invalid password or attribute keyword supplied by the application. When SQL_NEED_DATA is returned and the browse result connection string is unchanged, an error has occurred and the application can call SQLGetDiagRec to return the SQLSTATE for browse-time errors. This permits the application to correct the attribute and continue the browse.

An application can terminate the browse process at any time by calling SQLDisconnect. The driver will terminate any outstanding connections and return the connection to an unconnected state.

If asynchronous operations are enabled on the connection handle, SQLBrowseConnect might also return SQL_STILL_EXECUTING. When it returns SQL_NEED_DATA, an application must use SQLDisconnect to cancel the browse process. If SQLBrowseConnect returns SQL_STILL_EXECUTING, an application should use SQLCancelHandle to cancel the operation in progress. Calling SQLCancelHandle after the function returns SQL_NEED_DATA has no effect.

For more information, see Connecting with SQLBrowseConnect.

If a driver supports SQLBrowseConnect, the driver keyword section in the system information for the driver must contain the ConnectFunctions keyword with the third character set to "Y."

Code Example

Note

If you are connecting to a data source provider that supports Windows authentication, you should specify Trusted_Connection=yes instead of user ID and password information in the connection string.

In the following example, an application calls SQLBrowseConnect repeatedly. Each time SQLBrowseConnect returns SQL_NEED_DATA, it passes back information about the data it needs in *OutConnectionString. The application passes OutConnectionString to its routine GetUserInput (not shown). GetUserInput parses the information, builds and displays a dialog box, and returns the information entered by the user in *InConnectionString. The application passes the user's information to the driver in the next call to SQLBrowseConnect. After the application has provided all necessary information for the driver to connect to the data source, SQLBrowseConnect returns SQL_SUCCESS and the application proceeds.

For a more detailed example of connecting to a SQL Server driver by calling SQLBrowseConnect, see SQL Server Browsing Example.

For example, to connect to the data source Sales, the following actions might occur. First, the application passes the following string to SQLBrowseConnect:

"DSN=Sales"

The Driver Manager loads the driver associated with the data source Sales. It then calls the driver's SQLBrowseConnect function with the same arguments it received from the application. The driver returns the following string in *OutConnectionString:

"HOST:Server={red,blue,green};UID:ID=?;PWD:Password=?"

The application passes this string to its GetUserInput routine, which builds a dialog box that asks the user to select the red, blue, or green server and to enter a user ID and password. The routine passes the following user-specified information back in *InConnectionString, which the application passes to SQLBrowseConnect:

"HOST=red;UID=Smith;PWD=Sesame"

SQLBrowseConnect uses this information to connect to the red server as Smith with the password Sesame, and then returns the following string in *OutConnectionString:

"*DATABASE:Database={SalesEmployees,SalesGoals,SalesOrders}"

The application passes this string to its GetUserInput routine, which builds a dialog box that asks the user to select a database. The user selects empdata and the application calls SQLBrowseConnect a final time with this string:

"DATABASE=SalesOrders"

This is the final piece of information the driver needs to connect to the data source; SQLBrowseConnect returns SQL_SUCCESS, and *OutConnectionString contains the completed connection string:

// SQLBrowseConnect_Function.cpp  
// compile with: odbc32.lib  
#include <windows.h>  
#include <sqltypes.h>  
#include <sqlext.h>  
  
#define BRWS_LEN 100  
SQLHENV henv;  
SQLHDBC hdbc;  
SQLHSTMT hstmt;  
SQLRETURN retcode;  
SQLCHAR szConnStrIn[BRWS_LEN], szConnStrOut[BRWS_LEN];  
SQLSMALLINT cbConnStrOut;  
  
void GetUserInput(SQLCHAR * szConnStrOut, SQLCHAR * szConnStrIn) {}  
  
int main() {  
   // Allocate the environment handle.  
   retcode = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, SQL_NULL_HANDLE, &henv);        
   if (retcode == SQL_SUCCESS || retcode == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) {  
  
      // Set the version environment attribute.  
      retcode = SQLSetEnvAttr(henv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (SQLPOINTER*)SQL_OV_ODBC3, 0);  
      if (retcode == SQL_SUCCESS || retcode == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) {  
  
         // Allocate the connection handle.  
         retcode = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, henv, &hdbc);  
         if (retcode == SQL_SUCCESS || retcode == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) {  
            // Call SQLBrowseConnect until it returns a value other than SQL_NEED_DATA   
            // (pass data source name the first time).  If SQL_NEED_DATA is returned, call GetUserInput   
            // (not shown) to build a dialog from the values in szConnStrOut.  The user-supplied values   
            // are returned in szConnStrIn, which is passed in the next call to SQLBrowseConnect.  
  
            strcpy_s((char*)szConnStrIn, _countof(szConnStrIn), "DSN=Sales");  
            do {  
               retcode = SQLBrowseConnect(hdbc, szConnStrIn, SQL_NTS,  
                  szConnStrOut, BRWS_LEN, &cbConnStrOut);  
               if (retcode == SQL_NEED_DATA)  
                  GetUserInput(szConnStrOut, szConnStrIn);  
            } while (retcode == SQL_NEED_DATA);  
  
            if (retcode == SQL_SUCCESS || retcode == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO){  
  
               // Allocate the statement handle.  
               retcode = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);  
  
               if (retcode == SQL_SUCCESS || retcode == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)  
                  // Process data after successful connection  
                  SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt);  
               SQLDisconnect(hdbc);  
            }  
         }  
         SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc);  
      }  
   }  
   SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);  
}

For information about	See
Allocating a connection handle	SQLAllocHandle Function
Connecting to a data source	SQLConnect Function
Disconnecting from a data source	SQLDisconnect Function
Connecting to a data source using a connection string or dialog box	SQLDriverConnect Function
Returning driver descriptions and attributes	SQLDrivers Function
Freeing a connection handle	SQLFreeHandle Function

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SQLBrowseConnect Function

Syntax

Arguments

Returns

Diagnostics

InConnectionString Argument

OutConnectionString Argument

Using SQLBrowseConnect

Code Example

See Also

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Dela via

SQLBrowseConnect Function

Syntax

Arguments

Returns

Diagnostics

InConnectionString Argument

OutConnectionString Argument

Using SQLBrowseConnect

Code Example

Related Functions

See Also

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