Azure Resource Manager vs. classic deployment: Understand deployment models and the state of your resources

บทความ
09/26/2024

Note

The information provided in this article is only used when you migrate from the classic deployment to the Azure Resource Manager deployment.

In this article, you learn about Azure Resource Manager and classic deployment models. The Resource Manager and classic deployment models represent two different ways of deploying and managing your Azure solutions. You work with them through two different API sets, and the deployed resources can contain important differences. The two models aren't compatible with each other. This article describes those differences.

To simplify the deployment and management of resources, Microsoft recommends that you use Resource Manager for all new resources. If possible, Microsoft recommends that you redeploy existing resources through Resource Manager. If you've used Cloud Services, you can migrate your solution to Cloud Services (extended support).

If you're new to Resource Manager, you may want to first review the terminology defined in the Azure Resource Manager overview.

History of the deployment models

Azure originally provided only the classic deployment model. In this model, each resource existed independently; there was no way to group related resources together. Instead, you had to manually track which resources made up your solution or application, and remember to manage them in a coordinated approach. To deploy a solution, you had to either create each resource individually through the portal or create a script that deployed all the resources in the correct order. To delete a solution, you had to delete each resource individually. You couldn't easily apply and update access control policies for related resources. Finally, you couldn't apply tags to resources to label them with terms that help you monitor your resources and manage billing.

In 2014, Azure introduced Resource Manager, which added the concept of a resource group. A resource group is a container for resources that share a common lifecycle. The Resource Manager deployment model provides several benefits:

You can deploy, manage, and monitor all the services for your solution as a group, rather than handling these services individually.
You can repeatedly deploy your solution throughout its lifecycle and have confidence your resources are deployed in a consistent state.
You can apply access control to all resources in your resource group, and those policies are automatically applied when new resources are added to the resource group.
You can apply tags to resources to logically organize all the resources in your subscription.
You can use JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) to define the infrastructure for your solution. The JSON file is known as a Resource Manager template.
You can define the dependencies between resources so they're deployed in the correct order.

When Resource Manager was added, all resources were retroactively added to default resource groups. If you create a resource through classic deployment now, the resource is automatically created within a default resource group for that service, even though you didn't specify that resource group at deployment. However, just existing within a resource group doesn't mean that the resource has been converted to the Resource Manager model.

Understand support for the models

There are three scenarios to be aware of:

Cloud Services (classic) doesn't support the Resource Manager deployment model. Cloud Services (extended support) supports the Resource Manager deployment model.
Virtual machines, storage accounts, and virtual networks support both Resource Manager and classic deployment models.
All other Azure services support Resource Manager.

For virtual machines, storage accounts, and virtual networks, if the resource was created through classic deployment, you must continue to operate on it through classic operations. If the virtual machine, storage account, or virtual network was created through Resource Manager deployment, you must continue using Resource Manager operations. This distinction can get confusing when your subscription contains a mix of resources created through Resource Manager and classic deployment. This combination of resources can create unexpected results because the resources don't support the same operations.

In some cases, a Resource Manager command can retrieve information about a resource created through classic deployment, or can perform an administrative task such as moving a classic resource to another resource group. But, these cases shouldn't give the impression that the type supports Resource Manager operations. For example, suppose you have a resource group that contains a virtual machine that was created with classic deployment. If you run the following Resource Manager PowerShell command:

Get-AzResource -ResourceGroupName ExampleGroup -ResourceType Microsoft.ClassicCompute/virtualMachines

It returns the virtual machine:

Name              : ExampleClassicVM
ResourceId        : /subscriptions/{guid}/resourceGroups/ExampleGroup/providers/Microsoft.ClassicCompute/virtualMachines/ExampleClassicVM
ResourceName      : ExampleClassicVM
ResourceType      : Microsoft.ClassicCompute/virtualMachines
ResourceGroupName : ExampleGroup
Location          : westus
SubscriptionId    : {guid}

However, the Resource Manager cmdlet Get-AzVM only returns virtual machines deployed through Resource Manager. The following command doesn't return the virtual machine created through classic deployment.

Get-AzVM -ResourceGroupName ExampleGroup

Only resources created through Resource Manager support tags. You can't apply tags to classic resources.

Changes for compute, network, and storage

The following diagram displays compute, network, and storage resources deployed through Resource Manager.

Diagram that shows Resource Manager architecture with SRP, CRP, and NRP.

SRP: Storage Resource Provider, CRP: Compute Resource Provider, NRP: Network Resource Provider

For an updated diagram of a virtual machine solution that uses managed disks, see Run a Windows VM on Azure.

Note the following relationships between the resources:

All the resources exist within a resource group.
The virtual machine depends on a specific storage account defined in the Storage resource provider to store its disks in blob storage (required).
The virtual machine references a specific network interface card defined in the Network resource provider (required) and an availability set defined in the Compute resource provider (optional).
The network interface card references the virtual machine's assigned IP address (required), the subnet of the virtual network for the virtual machine (required), and to a Network Security Group (optional).
The subnet within a virtual network references a Network Security Group (optional).
The load balancer instance references the backend pool of IP addresses that include the network interface card of a virtual machine (optional) and references a load balancer public or private IP address (optional).

Here are the components and their relationships for classic deployment:

Diagram that shows classic architecture for hosting a virtual machine.

The classic solution for hosting a virtual machine includes:

Cloud Services (classic) acts as a container for hosting virtual machines (compute). Virtual machines are automatically provided with a network interface card and an IP address assigned by Azure. Additionally, the cloud service contains an external load balancer instance, a public IP address, and default endpoints to allow remote desktop and remote PowerShell traffic for Windows-based virtual machines and Secure Shell (SSH) traffic for Linux-based virtual machines.
A required storage account that stores the virtual hard disks for a virtual machine, including the operating system, temporary, and additional data disks (storage).
An optional virtual network that acts as an additional container, in which you can create a subnetted structure and choose the subnet on which the virtual machine is located (network).

The following table describes changes in how Compute, Network, and Storage resource providers interact:

Item	Classic	Resource Manager
Cloud Service for Virtual Machines	Cloud Service was a container for holding the virtual machines that required Availability from the platform and Load Balancing.	Cloud Service is no longer an object required for creating a Virtual Machine using the new model.
Virtual Networks	A virtual network is optional for the virtual machine. If included, the virtual network can't be deployed with Resource Manager.	Virtual machine requires a virtual network that has been deployed with Resource Manager.
Storage Accounts	The virtual machine requires a storage account that stores the virtual hard disks for the operating system, temporary, and additional data disks.	The virtual machine requires a storage account to store its disks in blob storage.
Availability Sets	Availability to the platform was indicated by configuring the same "AvailabilitySetName" on the Virtual Machines. The maximum count of fault domains was 2.	Availability Set is a resource exposed by Microsoft.Compute Provider. Virtual Machines that require high availability must be included in the Availability Set. The maximum count of fault domains is now 3.
Affinity Groups	Affinity Groups were required for creating Virtual Networks. However, with the introduction of Regional Virtual Networks, that wasn't required anymore.	To simplify, the Affinity Groups concept doesn't exist in the APIs exposed through Azure Resource Manager.
Load Balancing	Creation of a Cloud Service provides an implicit load balancer for the Virtual Machines deployed.	The Load Balancer is a resource exposed by the Microsoft.Network provider. The primary network interface of the Virtual Machines that needs to be load balanced should be referencing the load balancer. Load Balancers can be internal or external. A load balancer instance references the backend pool of IP addresses that include the NIC of a virtual machine (optional) and references a load balancer public or private IP address (optional).
Virtual IP Address	Cloud Services gets a default VIP (Virtual IP Address) when a VM is added to a cloud service. The Virtual IP Address is the address associated with the implicit load balancer.	Public IP address is a resource exposed by the Microsoft.Network provider. Public IP address can be static (reserved) or dynamic. Dynamic public IPs can be assigned to a Load Balancer. Public IPs can be secured using Security Groups.
Reserved IP Address	You can reserve an IP Address in Azure and associate it with a Cloud Service to ensure that the IP Address is sticky.	Public IP Address can be created in static mode and it offers the same capability as a reserved IP address.
Public IP Address (PIP) per VM	Public IP Addresses can also be associated to a VM directly.	Public IP address is a resource exposed by the Microsoft.Network provider. Public IP Address can be static (reserved) or dynamic.
Endpoints	Input Endpoints needed to be configured on a Virtual Machine to be open up connectivity for certain ports. One of the common modes of connecting to virtual machines done by setting up input endpoints.	Inbound NAT Rules can be configured on Load Balancers to achieve the same capability of enabling endpoints on specific ports for connecting to the VMs.
DNS Name	A cloud service would get an implicit globally unique DNS Name. For example: `mycoffeeshop.cloudapp.net`.	DNS Names are optional parameters that can be specified on a Public IP Address resource. The FQDN is in the following format - `<domainlabel>.<region>.cloudapp.azure.com`.
Network Interfaces	Primary and Secondary Network Interface and its properties were defined as network configuration of a Virtual machine.	Network Interface is a resource exposed by Microsoft.Network Provider. The lifecycle of the Network Interface isn't tied to a Virtual Machine. It references the virtual machine's assigned IP address (required), the subnet of the virtual network for the virtual machine (required), and to a Network Security Group (optional).

To learn about connecting virtual networks from different deployment models, see Connect virtual networks from different deployment models in the portal.

Migrate from classic to Resource Manager

If you're ready to migrate your resources from classic deployment to Resource Manager deployment, see:

Frequently asked questions

Can I create a virtual machine using Resource Manager to deploy in a virtual network created using classic deployment?

This configuration isn't supported. You can't use Resource Manager to deploy a virtual machine into a virtual network that was created using classic deployment.

Can I create a virtual machine using Resource Manager from a user image that was created using the classic deployment model?

This configuration isn't supported. However, you can copy the virtual hard disk files from a storage account that was created using the classic deployment model, and add them to a new account created through Resource Manager.

What is the impact on the quota for my subscription?

The quotas for the virtual machines, virtual networks, and storage accounts created through the Azure Resource Manager are separate from other quotas. Each subscription gets quotas to create the resources using the new APIs. You can read more about the additional quotas here.

Can I continue to use my automated scripts for provisioning virtual machines, virtual networks, and storage accounts through the Resource Manager APIs?

All the automation and scripts that you've built continue to work for the existing virtual machines, virtual networks created under the Azure Service Management mode. However, the scripts have to be updated to use the new schema for creating the same resources through the Resource Manager mode.

Where can I find examples of Azure Resource Manager templates?

A comprehensive set of starter templates can be found on Azure Resource Manager Quickstart Templates.

Next steps

To see the commands for deploying a template, see Deploy an application with Azure Resource Manager template.

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