Exercise - Find the correct NUMA mapping for an HPC SKU - Training

5 minutes

One of your R&D team's tightly coupled HPC applications uses hybrid parallelization (MPI+threads) for performance. The team has determined that HB120_v2 is the best SKU for this application, and the team needs to determine the optimal place to pin the process and threads.

In the following exercise, you'll follow the procedure that your R&D team used to determine the HB120_v2 NUMA topology, and discover which CPU IDs correspond to which NUMA domains.

Note

This exercise is optional. If you want to complete this exercise, you'll need to create an Azure subscription before you begin. If you don't have an Azure account or you don't want to create one at this time, you can read through the instructions so you understand the information that's being presented.

Open a command prompt where you have the Azure CLI installed.
Sign in to your Azure account. This step will ensure that you have permission to deploy resources.
```
az login
```
Create a resource group. You'll deploy the HB120_v2 VM into this resource group. Replace RESOURCE-GROUP_NAME with a unique name of your choosing, and replace LOCATION with a location near you (for example, eastus).
```
az group create \
   --name <RESOURCE-GROUP_NAME> \
   --location <LOCATION>
```
Create an HB120_v2 VM that uses the CentOS-HPC 7.8 image from Azure Marketplace. Replace RESOURCE-GROUP_NAME with the resource group you created in the last step, and replace VM-NAME with a unique name of your choosing.
```
az vm create \
   --resource-group <RESOURCE-GROUP-NAME> \
   --name <VM-NAME> \
   --admin-username azureuser \
   --generate-ssh-keys \
   --image OpenLogic:CentOS-HPC:7_8:latest \
   --size Standard_HB120rs_v2
```
It might take some time for this command to finish. When your VM has been created, take note of the VM's publicIpAddress, which will be part of the JSON output. You'll use this IP address in the next step.
Sign in to your HB120_v2 VM by using the ssh keys that were automatically generated.
```
ssh azureuser@<VM-PUBLIC-IP-ADDRESS>
```
Install lstopo-no-graphics (from hwloc rpm).
```
sudo yum install -y hwloc
```

Run lstopo-no-graphics to determine the NUMA topology.

lstopo-no-graphics 2>&1 | tee lstopo-no-graphics.out

Take note of the core IDs, and in which NUMA domain nodes they are members.

The mappings of HB120v2 core IDs to the 30 NUMA domains are: 0-3, 4-7, 8-11, 12-15, 16-19, 20-23, 24-27, 28-31, 32-35, 36-39, 40-43, 44-47, 48-51, 52-55, 56-59, 60-63, 64-67, 68-71, 72-75, 76-79, 80-83, 84-87, 88-91, 92-95, 96-99, 100-103, 104-107, 108-111, 112-115, and 116-119.

With this NUMA mapping information, you now know where to pin processes and threads. Each process should be mapped to its own NUMA domain. For MPI processes only, try running one, two, three, or four processes per NUMA domain. See which mapping gives the best performance (for example: a lower wall clock time). For hybrid parallel applications, group the process and its threads in the same NUMA domain. The next MPI unit shows what MPI command-line arguments to use to pin processes to NUMA domains.

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Exercise - Find the correct NUMA mapping for an HPC SKU

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