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Debug your app with GitHub Copilot in Visual Studio

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In this article, you'll learn how to debug more efficiently using GitHub Copilot. Copilot can provide code fixes along with in-depth analysis and explanations of how code works. It helps with proposed fixes to bugs, and explains things such as exceptions. Copilot understands call stacks, frames, variable names, and values. As a result, you can interact with the debugger-aware AI to ask detailed questions related to your code and to debugging issues in general.

In addition, Copilot provides more precise help for a few targeted scenarios including the following:

  • Exceptions
  • Variables
  • Deadlocks
  • Auto Insights for CPU Usage

To get AI assistance while you're debugging in these scenarios, look for the Ask Copilot Screenshot of Ask Copilot button. button. In these scenarios, Copilot already knows the context for your questions. For example, it knows the current call stack, the code line you are asking about, and the name of the exception (if one occurred), so you don't need to provide context yourself in chat. Copilot also provides suggestions for the use of conditional breakpoints and tracepoints.

For more information on GitHub Copilot Completions in Visual Studio, see About GitHub Copilot Completions in Visual Studio.

Prerequisites

To get started, you need:

Get AI assistance to debug your app

The following simple example shows how to get AI assistance using the inline Chat view.

Note

You can also get help using the separate Chat window by selecting View > GitHub Copilot Chat. For more information, see What is the GitHub Copilot Chat extension for Visual Studio?.

Start a debugging session

  1. In Visual Studio, create a new C# Console app.

    On the start window, choose Create a new project. Type console in the search box, select C# as the language, and then choose Console App for .NET. Choose Next. Type a project name like ConsoleApp_Copilot and select Next.

    Choose either the recommended target framework or .NET 8, and then choose Create.

    If you don't see the Console App project template for .NET, go to Tools > Get Tools and Features, which opens the Visual Studio Installer. Choose the .NET desktop development workload, then choose Modify.

    Visual Studio creates the console project, which appears in Solution Explorer in the right pane.

  2. Replace the code in Program.cs with the following code:

    using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int value = Int32.Parse(args[0]);
        List<String> names = null;
        if (value > 0)
            names = new List<String>();

        names.Add("Major Major Major");
    }
}

  3. Right-click the following statement and choose Breakpoint > Insert Breakpoint.

    int value = Int32.Parse(args[0]);

  4. Press F5 or select Start Debugging from the Debug menu.

    The app pauses at the breakpoint. The Autos window shows that the args variable has a value of string[0].

    Screenshot of Autos window.

  5. Right-click in the code and choose Ask Copilot to open the inline Chat view.

    Tip

    Alternatively, you can right-click a variable in the Autos or Locals window, or in a data tip, and choose Ask Copilot. This provides Copilot with the variable name and context, so you don't need to provide context yourself in the chat.

  6. Type the following question in the inline Chat view:

    Why does the args variable have a value of string[0]?

    Screenshot of inline Copilot Chat.

    When you press Enter, Copilot provides an answer based on its understanding of your code. (You might get a different response than what is shown here.)

    Screenshot of Copilot answered question.

    If Copilot has a suggested fix for your code, it shows you. If not, you can ask Copilot for a code suggestion.

    Tip

    In the inline Chat, use the "#" symbol and select from the drop-down list to hand off specific information to Copilot while you reference it in your question. For example, if you select a portion of code, and then type #, you can choose that selection from the # drop-down list. You can also use the "#" symbol to reference IDE features that appear in the drop-down list, such as the Locals window.

  7. In this example, scroll to the end of the Copilot answer and select the follow-up question at the end of the inline Chat window, "How can I handle the case when no arguments are passed to the program?"

    Screenshot of Copilot follow-up question.

    Copilot shows a suggested fix to your code.

    Screenshot of Copilot suggested fix.

    If you want to apply the code fix, choose Accept.

  8. Choose Cancel so we can continue learning other features of Copilot in the next section.

Get AI assistance for an exception

The following simple example shows how to get AI assistance when you encounter an exception and how to quickly update your code based on AI-suggested fixes.

Start a debugging session

  • While paused in the debugger using the same sample app, press F11 or Debug > Step Into to execute the current statement.

    An IndexOutOfRangeException occurs and the app pauses, showing the exception.

    To get AI assistance for the exception, continue to the next section.

Ask for AI assistance

  1. With the application paused on the exception, select the Ask Copilot button.

    Screenshot of Ask Copilot button in an exception.

    If it's not already open, the Copilot Chat window appears and provides an assessment of the error and why it occurred. In this example, Copilot identifies a suggested code fix, a button to copy code, and a Preview button for the code fix.

    If you have questions about the exception, ask them in the Ask Copilot text box.

  2. Select the Preview button.

    Screenshot of Preview button in the Copilot Chat window.

    Visual Studio shows a code preview with the suggested fix.

  3. Review the suggested fix and choose Accept to apply the code suggestion.

    Screenshot of code preview in Visual Studio.

  4. Restart the debugger.

    This time, no exception occurs. It has been fixed!

Get AI assistance with conditional breakpoints and tracepoints

Copilot gives you suggestions for conditional breakpoints and tracepoints that are specific to your code.

In this example, we show AI suggestions for a conditional breakpoint. For tracepoints, the AI assistance works in the same way.

  1. Remove the current breakpoint by clicking it or right-click and choose Delete Breakpoint.

  2. Replace the following line of code:

    names.Add("Major Major Major");

    with this:

    // names.Add("Major Major Major");
foreach (var item in args)
{
   names.Add("Name: " + item);
}

  3. To the left of the names.Add("Name: " + item) statement, right-click in the gutter and choose Insert Conditional Breakpoint.

  4. Select the expression field and Copilot starts working on suggestions.

    Screenshot of Copilot working on conditional breakpoint suggestions.

  5. When the suggestions appear, choose one such as item == "John". Edit the suggestion so the name is Fred.

    Screenshot of Copilot suggestion for conditional breakpoint.

  6. To test the conditional expression:

    1. Right-click the ConsoleApp_Copilot project in Solution Explorer and choose Properties.

    2. Select Debug > General > Open debug launch profiles UI.

    3. In the Command-line arguments field, enter 5 Fred Joe, on three separate lines.

      Screenshot of entering command-line arguments for the project.

    4. Restart the debugger.

    When the debugger pauses at the breakpoint, check the value of item and verify that the current value is Fred.

Get AI assistance in the IEnumerable tabular visualizer

For AI assistance for the IEnumerable tabular visualizer, see Modify the visualizer expression.

Get AI assistance for auto insights

In addition to interactive debugging assistance, Copilot provides detailed information in the CPU Usage Auto Insights. It provides information and insights related to a set of specific performance insights. With Copilot, ask questions about functions on the identified hot paths in your code, which can help you produce more efficient or cost-effective code.

The Ask Copilot button appears even if no specific performance insights are identified. Select Ask Copilot to learn from Copilot and start asking questions.

Animation of using Copilot with CPU Usage.