sqrt, sqrtf, sqrtl

Calculates the square root.

Syntax

double sqrt(
   double x
);
float sqrt(
   float x
);  // C++ only
long double sqrt(
   long double x
);  // C++ only
float sqrtf(
   float x
);
long double sqrtl(
   long double x
);
#define sqrt(x) // Requires C11 or higher

Parameters

x
Non-negative floating-point value

Remarks

Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of sqrt that take float or long double types. In a C program, unless you're using the <tgmath.h> macro to call this function, sqrt always takes and returns double.

If you use the <tgmath.h> sqrt() macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See Type-generic math for details.

By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this behavior, see Global state in the CRT.

Return value

The sqrt functions return the square-root of x. By default, if x is negative, sqrt returns an indefinite NaN.

Input	SEH exception	_matherr exception
± QNaN, IND	none	_DOMAIN
- INF	none	_DOMAIN
x < 0	none	_DOMAIN

Requirements

Function	C header	C++ header
sqrt, sqrtf, sqrtl	<math.h>	<cmath>
sqrt macro	<tgmath.h>

For compatibility information, see Compatibility.

Example

// crt_sqrt.c
// This program calculates a square root.

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main( void )
{
   double question = 45.35, answer;
   answer = sqrt( question );
   if( question < 0 )
      printf( "Error: sqrt returns %f\n", answer );
   else
      printf( "The square root of %.2f is %.2f\n", question, answer );
}

The square root of 45.35 is 6.73

See also

Math and floating-point support
exp, expf, expl
log, logf, log10, log10f
pow, powf, powl
_CIsqrt