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Logging commands

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TFS 2018

Logging commands are how tasks and scripts communicate with the agent. They cover actions like creating new variables, marking a step as failed, and uploading artifacts. Logging commands are useful when you're troubleshooting a pipeline.

Important

We make an effort to mask secrets from appearing in Azure Pipelines output, but you still need to take precautions. Never echo secrets as output. Some operating systems log command line arguments. Never pass secrets on the command line. Instead, we suggest that you map your secrets into environment variables.

We never mask substrings of secrets. If, for example, "abc123" is set as a secret, "abc" isn't masked from the logs. This is to avoid masking secrets at too granular of a level, making the logs unreadable. For this reason, secrets should not contain structured data. If, for example, "{ "foo": "bar" }" is set as a secret, "bar" isn't masked from the logs.

Type Commands
Task commands AddAttachment, Complete, LogDetail, LogIssue, PrependPath, SetEndpoint, SetProgress, SetVariable, SetSecret, UploadFile, UploadSummary
Artifact commands Associate, Upload
Build commands AddBuildTag, UpdateBuildNumber, UploadLog
Release commands UpdateReleaseName

Logging command format

The general format for a logging command is:

##vso[area.action property1=value;property2=value;...]message

There are also a few formatting commands with a slightly different syntax:

##[command]message

To invoke a logging command, echo the command via standard output.

#!/bin/bash
echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=testvar;]testvalue"

File paths should be given as absolute paths: rooted to a drive on Windows, or beginning with / on Linux and macOS.

Note

Please note that you can't use the set -x command before a logging command when you are using Linux or macOS. See troubleshooting, to learn how to disable set -x temporarily for Bash.

Formatting commands

Note

Use UTF-8 encoding for logging commands.

These commands are messages to the log formatter in Azure Pipelines. They mark specific log lines as errors, warnings, collapsible sections, and so on.

The formatting commands are:

##[group]Beginning of a group
##[warning]Warning message
##[error]Error message
##[section]Start of a section
##[debug]Debug text
##[command]Command-line being run
##[endgroup]

You can use the formatting commands in a bash or PowerShell task.

steps:
- bash: |
    echo "##[group]Beginning of a group"
    echo "##[warning]Warning message"
    echo "##[error]Error message"
    echo "##[section]Start of a section"
    echo "##[debug]Debug text"
    echo "##[command]Command-line being run"
    echo "##[endgroup]"

Those commands will render in the logs like this:

Screenshot of logs with custom formatting options

That block of commands can also be collapsed, and looks like this:

Screenshot of collapsed section of logs

Task commands

LogIssue: Log an error or warning

##vso[task.logissue]error/warning message

Usage

Log an error or warning message in the timeline record of the current task.

Properties

  • type = error or warning (Required)
  • sourcepath = source file location
  • linenumber = line number
  • columnnumber = column number
  • code = error or warning code

Example: Log an error

#!/bin/bash
echo "##vso[task.logissue type=error]Something went very wrong."
exit 1

Tip

exit 1 is optional, but is often a command you'll issue soon after an error is logged. If you select Control Options: Continue on error, then the exit 1 will result in a partially successful build instead of a failed build. As an alternative, you can also use task.logissue type=error.

Example: Log a warning about a specific place in a file

#!/bin/bash
echo "##vso[task.logissue type=warning;sourcepath=consoleapp/main.cs;linenumber=1;columnnumber=1;code=100;]Found something that could be a problem."

SetProgress: Show percentage completed

##vso[task.setprogress]current operation

Usage

Set progress and current operation for the current task.

Properties

  • value = percentage of completion

Example

echo "Begin a lengthy process..."
for i in {0..100..10}
do
   sleep 1
   echo "##vso[task.setprogress value=$i;]Sample Progress Indicator"
done
echo "Lengthy process is complete."

To see how it looks, save and queue the build, and then watch the build run. Observe that a progress indicator changes when the task runs this script.

Complete: Finish timeline

##vso[task.complete]current operation

Usage

Finish the timeline record for the current task, set task result and current operation. When result not provided, set result to succeeded.

Properties

  • result =
    • Succeeded The task succeeded.
    • SucceededWithIssues The task ran into problems. The build will be completed as partially succeeded at best.
    • Failed The build will be completed as failed. (If the Control Options: Continue on error option is selected, the build will be completed as partially succeeded at best.)

Example

Log a task as succeeded.

##vso[task.complete result=Succeeded;]DONE

Set a task as failed. As an alternative, you can also use exit 1.

- bash: |
    if [ -z "$SOLUTION" ]; then
      echo "##vso[task.logissue type=error;]Missing template parameter \"solution\""
      echo "##vso[task.complete result=Failed;]"
    fi

LogDetail: Create or update a timeline record for a task

##vso[task.logdetail]current operation

Usage

Creates and updates timeline records. This is primarily used internally by Azure Pipelines to report about steps, jobs, and stages. While customers can add entries to the timeline, they won't typically be shown in the UI.

The first time we see ##vso[task.detail] during a step, we create a "detail timeline" record for the step. We can create and update nested timeline records base on id and parentid.

Task authors must remember which GUID they used for each timeline record. The logging system will keep track of the GUID for each timeline record, so any new GUID will result a new timeline record.

Properties

  • id = Timeline record GUID (Required)
  • parentid = Parent timeline record GUID
  • type = Record type (Required for first time, can't overwrite)
  • name = Record name (Required for first time, can't overwrite)
  • order = order of timeline record (Required for first time, can't overwrite)
  • starttime = Datetime
  • finishtime = Datetime
  • progress = percentage of completion
  • state = Unknown | Initialized | InProgress | Completed
  • result = Succeeded | SucceededWithIssues | Failed

Examples

Create new root timeline record:

##vso[task.logdetail id=new guid;name=project1;type=build;order=1]create new timeline record

Create new nested timeline record:

##vso[task.logdetail id=new guid;parentid=exist timeline record guid;name=project1;type=build;order=1]create new nested timeline record

Update exist timeline record:

##vso[task.logdetail id=existing timeline record guid;progress=15;state=InProgress;]update timeline record

SetVariable: Initialize or modify the value of a variable

##vso[task.setvariable]value

Usage

Sets a variable in the variable service of taskcontext. The first task can set a variable, and following tasks are able to use the variable. The variable is exposed to the following tasks as an environment variable.

When issecret is set to true, the value of the variable will be saved as secret and masked out from log. Secret variables aren't passed into tasks as environment variables and must instead be passed as inputs.

When isoutput is set to true the syntax to reference the set variable varies based on whether you are accessing that variable in the same job, a future job, or a future stage. Additionally, if isoutput is set to false the syntax for using that variable within the same job is distinct. See levels of output variables to determine the appropriate syntax for each use case.

See set variables in scripts and define variables for more details.

Properties

  • variable = variable name (Required)
  • issecret = boolean (Optional, defaults to false)
  • isreadonly = boolean (Optional, defaults to false)

Examples

Set the variables:

- bash: |
    echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=sauce;]crushed tomatoes"
    echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=secretSauce;issecret=true]crushed tomatoes with garlic"
  name: SetVars

Read the variables:

- bash: |
    echo "Non-secrets automatically mapped in, sauce is $SAUCE"
    echo "Secrets are not automatically mapped in, secretSauce is $SECRETSAUCE"
    echo "You can use macro replacement to get secrets, and they'll be masked in the log: $(secretSauce)"

Console output:

Non-secrets automatically mapped in, sauce is crushed tomatoes
Secrets are not automatically mapped in, secretSauce is 
You can use macro replacement to get secrets, and they'll be masked in the log: ***

SetSecret: Register a value as a secret

##vso[task.setsecret]value

Usage

The value is registered as a secret for the duration of the job. The value will be masked out from the logs from this point forward. This command is useful when a secret is transformed (e.g. base64 encoded) or derived.

Note: Previous occurrences of the secret value will not be masked.

Examples

Set the variables:

- bash: |
    NEWSECRET=$(echo $OLDSECRET|base64)
    echo "##vso[task.setsecret]$NEWSECRET"
  name: SetSecret
  env:
    OLDSECRET: "SeCrEtVaLuE"

Read the variables:

- bash: |
    echo "Transformed and derived secrets will be masked: $(echo $OLDSECRET|base64)"
  env:
    OLDSECRET: "SeCrEtVaLuE"

Console output:

Transformed and derived secrets will be masked: ***

SetEndpoint: Modify a service connection field

##vso[task.setendpoint]value

Usage

Set a service connection field with given value. Value updated will be retained in the endpoint for the subsequent tasks that execute within the same job.

Properties

  • id = service connection ID (Required)
  • field = field type, one of authParameter, dataParameter, or url (Required)
  • key = key (Required, unless field = url)

Examples

##vso[task.setendpoint id=000-0000-0000;field=authParameter;key=AccessToken]testvalue
##vso[task.setendpoint id=000-0000-0000;field=dataParameter;key=userVariable]testvalue
##vso[task.setendpoint id=000-0000-0000;field=url]https://example.com/service

AddAttachment: Attach a file to the build

##vso[task.addattachment]value

Usage

Upload and attach attachment to current timeline record. These files aren't available for download with logs. These can only be referred to by extensions using the type or name values.

Properties

  • type = attachment type (Required)
  • name = attachment name (Required)

Example

##vso[task.addattachment type=myattachmenttype;name=myattachmentname;]c:\myattachment.txt

UploadSummary: Add some Markdown content to the build summary

##vso[task.uploadsummary]local file path

Usage

Upload and attach summary Markdown from a .md file in the repository to current timeline record. This summary shall be added to the build/release summary and not available for download with logs. The summary should be in UTF-8 or ASCII format. The summary will appear on the Extensions tab of your pipeline run. Markdown rendering on the Extensions tab is different from Azure DevOps wiki rendering.

Examples

##vso[task.uploadsummary]$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/testsummary.md

It's a short hand form for the command

##vso[task.addattachment type=Distributedtask.Core.Summary;name=testsummaryname;]c:\testsummary.md

UploadFile: Upload a file that can be downloaded with task logs

##vso[task.uploadfile]local file path

Usage

Upload user interested file as additional log information to the current timeline record. The file shall be available for download along with task logs.

Example

##vso[task.uploadfile]c:\additionalfile.log

PrependPath: Prepend a path to the PATH environment variable

##vso[task.prependpath]local file path

Usage

Update the PATH environment variable by prepending to the PATH. The updated environment variable will be reflected in subsequent tasks.

Example

##vso[task.prependpath]c:\my\directory\path

Artifact commands

Associate: Initialize an artifact

##vso[artifact.associate]artifact location

Usage

Create a link to an existing Artifact. Artifact location must be a file container path, VC path or UNC share path.

Properties

  • artifactname = artifact name (Required)
  • type = artifact type (Required) container | filepath | versioncontrol | gitref | tfvclabel

Examples

  • container

    ##vso[artifact.associate type=container;artifactname=MyServerDrop]#/1/build

  • filepath

    ##vso[artifact.associate type=filepath;artifactname=MyFileShareDrop]\\MyShare\MyDropLocation

  • versioncontrol

    ##vso[artifact.associate type=versioncontrol;artifactname=MyTfvcPath]$/MyTeamProj/MyFolder

  • gitref

    ##vso[artifact.associate type=gitref;artifactname=MyTag]refs/tags/MyGitTag

  • tfvclabel

    ##vso[artifact.associate type=tfvclabel;artifactname=MyTag]MyTfvcLabel

  • Custom Artifact

    ##vso[artifact.associate artifactname=myDrop;artifacttype=myartifacttype]https://downloads.visualstudio.com/foo/bar/package.zip

Upload: Upload an artifact

##vso[artifact.upload]local file path

Usage

Upload a local file into a file container folder, and optionally publish an artifact as artifactname.

Properties

  • containerfolder = folder that the file will upload to, folder will be created if needed.
  • artifactname = artifact name. (Required)

Example

##vso[artifact.upload containerfolder=testresult;artifactname=uploadedresult]c:\testresult.trx

Note

The difference between Artifact.associate and Artifact.upload is that the first can be used to create a link to an existing artifact, while the latter can be used to upload/publish a new Artifact.

Build commands

UploadLog: Upload a log

##vso[build.uploadlog]local file path

Usage

Upload user interested log to build's container "logs\tool" folder.

Example

##vso[build.uploadlog]c:\msbuild.log

UpdateBuildNumber: Override the automatically generated build number

##vso[build.updatebuildnumber]build number

Usage

You can automatically generate a build number from tokens you specify in the pipeline options. However, if you want to use your own logic to set the build number, then you can use this logging command.

Example

##vso[build.updatebuildnumber]my-new-build-number

AddBuildTag: Add a tag to the build

##vso[build.addbuildtag]build tag

Usage

Add a tag for current build. You can expand the tag with a predefined or user-defined variable. For example, here a new tag gets added in a Bash task with the value last_scanned-$(currentDate). You can't use a colon with AddBuildTag.

Example

- task: Bash@3
    inputs:
    targetType: 'inline'
    script: |
        last_scanned="last_scanned-$(currentDate)"
        echo "##vso[build.addbuildtag]$last_scanned"
    displayName: 'Apply last scanned tag'

Release commands

UpdateReleaseName: Rename current release

##vso[release.updatereleasename]release name

Usage

Update the release name for the running release.

Note

Supported in Azure DevOps and Azure DevOps Server beginning in version 2020.

Example

##vso[release.updatereleasename]my-new-release-name