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VECTORPROPERTY (Transact-SQL)

Applies to: SQL Server 2025 (17.x) Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance SQL database in Microsoft Fabric

The VECTORPROPERTY function returns specific properties of a given vector. The function requires two arguments: the vector itself and the property to be retrieved.

Note

VECTORPROPERTY is available in Azure SQL Managed Instance with the SQL Server 2025 or Always-up-to-date update policy.

Syntax

Transact-SQL syntax conventions

VECTORPROPERTY(vector , property)

Arguments

vector

A valid vector of the vector type. This can be an expression, such as a variable or a reference to a column.

The input vector might be specified as [tablename].[colname] or as a valid variable of the vector type.

property

An expression specifying the name of the database property to return. The property supports one of the following values:

Property Description Value Returned
Dimensions Return vector's dimensions count Integer value with dimension count.
BaseType Return vector's base type sysname with the name of the data type.

The default base type for vectors is currently set to float (32-bit).

Return value

The function returns the specific properties of a given vector based on the property selected. For example:

  • If the property is Dimensions, the function returns an integer value representing the dimension count of the vector.
  • If the property is BaseType, the function returns the name of the data type (sysname).

Examples

Retrieve dimension count

In the following example, declare a vector with three dimensions and retrieve its dimensions count. The VECTORPROPERTY function returns the integer value 3 representing the dimension count.

DECLARE @v AS VECTOR(3) = '[1,2,3]';

SELECT VECTORPROPERTY(@v, 'Dimensions');

Return count of dimensions

The following example retrieves the dimensions count of a vector column embeddings from a table mytable.

CREATE TABLE mytable
(
    id INT IDENTITY NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    embeddings VECTOR(3) NOT NULL
);

INSERT INTO mytable (embeddings)
VALUES ('[4, -2, -1]'),
       ('[1, 3, -5]'),
       ('[7, -8, -10]'),
       ('[4.0, 0.2, -1.1]'),
       ('[0, 0, 0]'),
       ('[10, 10, 10]'),
       ('[-0.1, -0.2, -0.3]');

SELECT VECTORPROPERTY(t.embeddings, 'dimensions')
FROM mytable AS t;

Returns:

Dimensions
----------
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

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