在ASP.NET Core 6 Identity 中如何使用用户名而不是邮件来登录？

Question

我正在做一个使用Identity 做身份认证的 ASP.NET Core 6 项目。在默认的 Register.cshtml 页中，有一个文本框用于输入电子邮件并确认电子邮件。我修改了此页面，使用名为“UserCreatedUserName”的新字段，并将其保存在 AspNetUsers 表中的新字段中。此新字段的数据类型为长度为 6 到 10 个字符的字符串。但是，我也在收集和保存电子邮件。 在登录页面中，它需要电子邮件和密码进行身份验证。但是，就我而言，我想使用用户输入“UserCreatedUserName”，我在上面已经解释过，而不是电子邮件。当我在互联网上搜索时，所有示例都显示将电子邮件替换为用户名，而不是同时收集电子邮件和用户名，然后使用用户名和密码登录。可能我必须覆盖 signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync（） 或创建一个新的 signinmanager，以便它使用 UserCreatedUserName 和密码的组合，而不是电子邮件和密码。但是，我不熟悉如何实现它。任何帮助将不胜感激。

注意: 此问题总结整理于：如何使用用户创建的用户名登录，而不是电子邮件。

Answer 1

你好，

你可以参考下面的示例：

添加 ApplicationUser:

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{
    [StringLength(10, MinimumLength = 6, ErrorMessage = "The {0} must be at least {2} and at max {1} characters long.")]
    public string UserCreatedUserName { get; set; }
}

修改ApplicationDBCOntext:

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>

接下来，搭建 Identity 的基架，并确保选择：ApplicationDbContext

在Identity 基架搭建完之后，您需要更改如下代码：

Register.cshtml.cs：在InputModel 模型中添加UserCreatedUserName 属性，通过Input.UserCreatedUserName来设置UserCreatedUserName 的值。

public class RegisterModel : PageModel
{
    private readonly SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager;
    private readonly UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;
    private readonly IUserStore<ApplicationUser> _userStore;
    private readonly IUserEmailStore<ApplicationUser> _emailStore;
    private readonly ILogger<RegisterModel> _logger;
    public RegisterModel(
        UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager,
        IUserStore<ApplicationUser> userStore,
        SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager,
        ILogger<RegisterModel> logger)
    {
        _userManager = userManager;
        _userStore = userStore;
        _emailStore = GetEmailStore();
        _signInManager = signInManager;
        _logger = logger;
    }

    [BindProperty]
    public InputModel Input { get; set; }
    public string ReturnUrl { get; set; }
    public IList<AuthenticationScheme> ExternalLogins { get; set; }
    public class InputModel
    {
        [Required]
        [StringLength(10, MinimumLength = 6, ErrorMessage = "The {0} must be at least {2} and at max {1} characters long.")]
        public string UserCreatedUserName { get; set; }

        [Required]
        [EmailAddress]
        [Display(Name = "Email")]
        public string Email { get; set; }

        [Required]
        [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "The {0} must be at least {2} and at max {1} characters long.", MinimumLength = 6)]
        [DataType(DataType.Password)]
        [Display(Name = "Password")]
        public string Password { get; set; }

        [DataType(DataType.Password)]
        [Display(Name = "Confirm password")]
        [Compare("Password", ErrorMessage = "The password and confirmation password do not match.")]
        public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }
    }

    public async Task OnGetAsync(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        ReturnUrl = returnUrl;
        ExternalLogins = (await _signInManager.GetExternalAuthenticationSchemesAsync()).ToList();
    }

    public async Task<IActionResult> OnPostAsync(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        returnUrl ??= Url.Content("~/");
        ExternalLogins = (await _signInManager.GetExternalAuthenticationSchemesAsync()).ToList();
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            var user = CreateUser();
            //set the username
            await _userStore.SetUserNameAsync(user, Input.UserCreatedUserName, CancellationToken.None);
            await _emailStore.SetEmailAsync(user, Input.Email, CancellationToken.None);
            user.UserCreatedUserName = Input.UserCreatedUserName;    //add this line....
            var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, Input.Password);
            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                if (_userManager.Options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount)
                {
                    return RedirectToPage("RegisterConfirmation", new { email = Input.Email, returnUrl = returnUrl });
                }
                else
                {
                    await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false);
                    return LocalRedirect(returnUrl);
                }
            }
            foreach (var error in result.Errors)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, error.Description);
            }
        }
        return Page();
    }

    private ApplicationUser CreateUser()
    {
        try
        {
           return Activator.CreateInstance<ApplicationUser>();
        }
        catch
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Can't create an instance of '{nameof(ApplicationUser)}'. " +
                $"Ensure that '{nameof(ApplicationUser)}' is not an abstract class and has a parameterless constructor, or alternatively " +
                $"override the register page in /Areas/Identity/Pages/Account/Register.cshtml");
        }
    }

    private IUserEmailStore<ApplicationUser> GetEmailStore()
    {
        if (!_userManager.SupportsUserEmail)
        {
            throw new NotSupportedException("The default UI requires a user store with email support.");
        }
        return (IUserEmailStore<ApplicationUser>)_userStore;
    }
}

Register.cshtml:添加UserCreatedUserName 文本框来输入用户名

@page
@model RegisterModel
@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Register";
}

<h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
        <form id="registerForm" asp-route-returnUrl="@Model.ReturnUrl" method="post">
            <h2>Create a new account.</h2>
            <hr />
            <div asp-validation-summary="ModelOnly" class="text-danger" role="alert"></div>
            <div class="form-floating mb-3">
                <input asp-for="Input.UserCreatedUserName" class="form-control" autocomplete="username" aria-required="true" />
                <label asp-for="Input.UserCreatedUserName">UserName</label>
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.UserCreatedUserName" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-floating mb-3">
                <input asp-for="Input.Email" class="form-control" aria-required="true" placeholder=name@example.com />
                <label asp-for="Input.Email">Email</label>
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.Email" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-floating mb-3">
                <input asp-for="Input.Password" class="form-control" autocomplete="new-password" aria-required="true" placeholder="password" />
                <label asp-for="Input.Password">Password</label>
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.Password" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-floating mb-3">
                <input asp-for="Input.ConfirmPassword" class="form-control" autocomplete="new-password" aria-required="true" placeholder="password" />
                <label asp-for="Input.ConfirmPassword">Confirm Password</label>
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.ConfirmPassword" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <button id="registerSubmit" type="submit" class="w-100 btn btn-lg btn-primary">Register</button>
        </form>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2">
        <section>
            <h3>Use another service to register.</h3>
            <hr />
            @{
                if ((Model.ExternalLogins?.Count ?? 0) == 0)
                {
                    <div>
                        <p>
                            There are no external authentication services configured. See this <a href=https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=532715>article
                            about setting up this ASP.NET application to support logging in via external services</a>.
                        </p>
                    </div>
                }
                else
                {
                    <form id="external-account" asp-page="./ExternalLogin" asp-route-returnUrl="@Model.ReturnUrl" method="post" class="form-horizontal">
                        <div>
                            <p>
                                @foreach (var provider in Model.ExternalLogins!)
                                {
                                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" name="provider" value="@provider.Name" title="Log in using your @provider.DisplayName account">@provider.DisplayName</button>
                                }
                            </p>
                        </div>
                    </form>
                }
            }
        </section>
    </div>
</div>
@section Scripts {
    <partial name="_ValidationScriptsPartial" />
}

Login.cshtml.cs：在InputModel模型中添加UserCreatedUserName，使用 Input.UserCreatedUserName来验证用户。

var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(Input.UserCreatedUserName, Input.Password, Input.RememberMe, lockoutOnFailure: false);)

完整代码：

public class LoginModel : PageModel
{
    private readonly SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager;
    private readonly ILogger<LoginModel> _logger;
    public LoginModel(SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager, ILogger<LoginModel> logger)
    {
        _signInManager = signInManager;
        _logger = logger;
    }
    [BindProperty]
    public InputModel Input { get; set; }  
    public IList<AuthenticationScheme> ExternalLogins { get; set; }     
    public string ReturnUrl { get; set; }
    [TempData]
    public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
    public class InputModel
    {
        [Required]
        public string UserCreatedUserName { get; set; }          
        [Required]
        [DataType(DataType.Password)]
        public string Password { get; set; }
        [Display(Name = "Remember me?")]
        public bool RememberMe { get; set; }
    }
    public async Task OnGetAsync(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrorMessage))
        {
            ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, ErrorMessage);
        }
        returnUrl ??= Url.Content("~/");
        // Clear the existing external cookie to ensure a clean login process
        await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(IdentityConstants.ExternalScheme);
        ExternalLogins = (await _signInManager.GetExternalAuthenticationSchemesAsync()).ToList();
        ReturnUrl = returnUrl;
    }
    public async Task<IActionResult> OnPostAsync(string returnUrl = null)
    {
        returnUrl ??= Url.Content("~/");
        ExternalLogins = (await _signInManager.GetExternalAuthenticationSchemesAsync()).ToList();
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            // This doesn't count login failures towards account lockout
            // To enable password failures to trigger account lockout, set lockoutOnFailure: true
            var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(Input.UserCreatedUserName, Input.Password, Input.RememberMe, lockoutOnFailure: false);
            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                _logger.LogInformation("User logged in.");
                return LocalRedirect(returnUrl);
            }
            if (result.RequiresTwoFactor)
            {
                return RedirectToPage("./LoginWith2fa", new { ReturnUrl = returnUrl, RememberMe = Input.RememberMe });
            }
            if (result.IsLockedOut)
            {
                _logger.LogWarning("User account locked out.");
                return RedirectToPage("./Lockout");
            }
            else
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "Invalid login attempt.");
                return Page();
            }
        }
        // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
        return Page();
    }
}

Login.cshtml：使用UserCreatedUserName 来输入用户名，用来登录

@page
@model LoginModel
@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Log in";
}
<h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
        <section>
            <form id="account" method="post">
                <h2>Use a local account to log in.</h2>
                <hr />
                <div asp-validation-summary="ModelOnly" class="text-danger" role="alert"></div>
                <div class="form-floating mb-3">
                    <input asp-for="Input.UserCreatedUserName" class="form-control" autocomplete="username" aria-required="true" placeholder=name@example.com />
                    <label asp-for="Input.UserCreatedUserName" class="form-label">UserCreatedUserName</label>
                    <span asp-validation-for="Input.UserCreatedUserName" class="text-danger"></span>
                </div>
                <div class="form-floating mb-3">
                    <input asp-for="Input.Password" class="form-control" autocomplete="current-password" aria-required="true" placeholder="password" />
                    <label asp-for="Input.Password" class="form-label">Password</label>
                    <span asp-validation-for="Input.Password" class="text-danger"></span>
                </div>
                <div class="checkbox mb-3">
                    <label asp-for="Input.RememberMe" class="form-label">
                        <input class="form-check-input" asp-for="Input.RememberMe" />
                        @Html.DisplayNameFor(m => m.Input.RememberMe)
                    </label>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <button id="login-submit" type="submit" class="w-100 btn btn-lg btn-primary">Log in</button>
                </div>
                <div>
                    <p>
                        <a id="forgot-password" asp-page="./ForgotPassword">Forgot your password?</a>
                    </p>
                    <p>
                        <a asp-page="./Register" asp-route-returnUrl="@Model.ReturnUrl">Register as a new user</a>
                    </p>
                    <p>
                        <a id="resend-confirmation" asp-page="./ResendEmailConfirmation">Resend email confirmation</a>
                    </p>
                </div>
            </form>
        </section>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2">
        <section>
            <h3>Use another service to log in.</h3>
            <hr />
            @{
                if ((Model.ExternalLogins?.Count ?? 0) == 0)
                {
                    <div>
                        <p>
                            There are no external authentication services configured. See this <a href=https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=532715>article
                            about setting up this ASP.NET application to support logging in via external services</a>.
                        </p>
                    </div>
                }
                else
                {
                    <form id="external-account" asp-page="./ExternalLogin" asp-route-returnUrl="@Model.ReturnUrl" method="post" class="form-horizontal">
                        <div>
                            <p>
                                @foreach (var provider in Model.ExternalLogins!)
                                {
                                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" name="provider" value="@provider.Name" title="Log in using your @provider.DisplayName account">@provider.DisplayName</button>
                                }
                            </p>
                        </div>
                    </form>
                }
            }
        </section>
    </div>
</div>
@section Scripts {
    <partial name="_ValidationScriptsPartial" />
}

---

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