WPF的导航功能有哪几种比较常用的方式？

Question

关于Windows Presentation Foundation的自定义导航栏开发导航功能问题

Answer 1

在WPF（Windows Presentation Foundation）中，有几种常用的导航方式。

NavigationWindow 和 Page:

• 使用 NavigationWindow 作为主窗口，包含多个 Page 页面。
• 适用于需要在不同页面之间进行切换的应用程序。
• 提供内置的导航历史记录（前进、后退功能）。

Frame 和 Page:

• 使用 Frame 控件来承载 Page 页面。
• 适用于需要在应用程序的特定区域进行导航的场景。

ContentControl 和 UserControl:

• 使用 ContentControl 结合 UserControl 实现导航。
• 适用于需要更细粒度控制的场景。

下面是一个简单的示例。

MainWindow.xaml:

<Window x:Class="WpfApp4.MainWindow"

     ...
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp4"

        mc:Ignorable="d"

        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">

    <Window.DataContext>

        <local:NavigationViewModel  />

    </Window.DataContext>

    <Grid>

        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

            <ColumnDefinition/>

            <ColumnDefinition/>

            <ColumnDefinition/>

            <ColumnDefinition/>

        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

        <Frame Name="MainFrame" Source="HomePage.xaml" />

        <Button Grid.Column="1" Content="navigate window" Height="40" Click="Button_Click"/>

        

        <ContentControl  Grid.Column="2" Name="MainContentControl" />

        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Column="3">

            <Button Content="Home" Height="40"  Command="{Binding NavigateCommand}" CommandParameter="Home"/>

            <Button Content="Next" Height="40"  Command="{Binding NavigateCommand}" CommandParameter="Next"/>

        </StackPanel>

        <Frame  Grid.Column="3" Content="{Binding CurrentPage}" />

    </Grid>

</Window>

MainWindow.xaml.cs:

 public partial class MainWindow : Window
 {
     public MainWindow()
     {
         InitializeComponent();
         NavigateToNextPage();
         ShowNextUserControl();

     }
     private void NavigateToNextPage()
     {
         MainFrame.Navigate(new Uri("NextPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
     }
     private void ShowNextUserControl()
     {
         MainContentControl.Content = new NextUserControl();
     }

     private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
     {
         NavigationWindow navigationWindow = new NavigationWindow();
         navigationWindow.Source = new Uri("Page1.xaml", UriKind.Relative);
         navigationWindow.Show();

     }
 }
 public class NavigationViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
 {
     private ICommand _navigateCommand;
     private Page _currentPage;

     public Page CurrentPage
     {
         get { return _currentPage; }
         set
         {
             _currentPage = value;
             OnPropertyChanged("CurrentPage");
         }
     }

     public ICommand NavigateCommand
     {
         get
         {
             if (_navigateCommand == null)
             {
                 _navigateCommand = new RelayCommand<string>(Navigate);
             }
             return _navigateCommand;
         }
     }

     private void Navigate(string pageName)
     {
         switch (pageName)
         {
             case "Home":
                 CurrentPage = new HomePage();
                 break;
             case "Next":
                 CurrentPage = new NextPage();
                 break;
         }
     }
  

     public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

     protected void OnPropertyChanged(string name)
     {
         PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name));
     }
 }

 public class RelayCommand<T> : ICommand
 {
     private readonly Action<T> _execute;
     private readonly Func<T, bool> _canExecute;

     public RelayCommand(Action<T> execute, Func<T, bool> canExecute = null)
     {
         _execute = execute;
         _canExecute = canExecute;
     }

     public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
     {
         return _canExecute == null || _canExecute((T)parameter);
     }

     public void Execute(object parameter)
     {
         _execute((T)parameter);
     }

     public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
     {
         add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
         remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
     }
 }

Page1:

<StackPanel>
    <TextBlock Text="Page1" />
    <Button Content="Go to Next Page" Click="GoToNextPage_Click"/>
</StackPanel>


// Page1.xaml.cs:

 public partial class Page1 : Page
 {
     public Page1()
     {
         InitializeComponent();
     }
     private void GoToNextPage_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
     {
         this.NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("NextPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
     }

 }

HomePage:

 <StackPanel>
     <TextBlock Text="HomePage" />
     <Button Content="Go to Next Page" Click="GoToNextPage_Click"/>
 </StackPanel>

// HomePage .xaml.cs:

  public partial class HomePage : Page
  {
      public HomePage()
      {
          InitializeComponent();
      }
      private void GoToNextPage_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
      {
          this.NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("NextPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
      }
  }

Nextpage:

<Grid>
    <TextBlock Text="nextpage" />
</Grid>

NextUserControl:

  <Grid>
      <TextBlock Text="NextUserControl" />
  </Grid>

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