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在 .NET 控制台应用中使用聊天补全配置

2025-06-17

在本指南中，你将生成一个 AI 聊天应用程序，并使用从 Azure 应用程序配置动态加载的聊天补全配置来循环访问提示。

先决条件

完成本教程以创建聊天补全配置。
最新的 .NET SDK

创建控制台应用

为项目新建一个文件夹。在新文件夹中，运行以下命令以创建新的 .NET 控制台应用项目：
```
dotnet new console
```

在项目中安装以下 NuGet 包：

dotnet add package Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.AzureAppConfiguration
dotnet add package Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Binder
dotnet add package Azure.Identity
dotnet add package Azure.AI.OpenAI

打开 Program.cs 文件，并在文件顶部添加以下命名空间：

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.AzureAppConfiguration;
using Azure.Identity;
using Azure.AI.OpenAI;
using OpenAI.Chat;

通过调用 AddAzureAppConfigurationProgram.cs 文件中的方法连接到应用配置存储。

可以使用 Microsoft Entra ID（建议）或连接字符串连接到应用程序配置。在此示例中，会使用 Microsoft Entra ID 和 DefaultAzureCredential 对应用程序配置存储区进行身份验证。按照以下说明将 应用配置数据读取者 角色分配给由 DefaultAzureCredential表示的标识。运行应用程序前，请务必留出足够的时间让权限生效。

TokenCredential credential = new DefaultAzureCredential();
IConfigurationRefresher refresher = null;

// Load configuration from Azure App Configuration
IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddAzureAppConfiguration(options =>
    {
        Uri endpoint = new(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT") ??
            throw new InvalidOperationException("The environment variable 'AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT' is not set or is empty."));
        options.Connect(endpoint, credential)
            // Load all keys that start with "ChatApp:" and have no label.
            .Select("ChatApp:*")
            // Reload configuration if any selected key-values have changed.
            // Use the default refresh interval of 30 seconds. It can be overridden via refreshOptions.SetRefreshInterval.
            .ConfigureRefresh(refreshOptions =>
            {
                refreshOptions.RegisterAll();
            });

        refresher = options.GetRefresher();
    })
    .Build();

创建连接到 Azure OpenAI 资源的实例 AzureOpenAIClient 。可以使用 Microsoft Entra ID 或 API 密钥进行身份验证。

若要使用 Microsoft Entra ID 访问 Azure OpenAI 资源，请使用 DefaultAzureCredential。将“认知服务 OpenAI 用户”角色分配给 DefaultAzureCredential 所表示的标识。有关详细步骤，请参阅 Azure OpenAI 服务指南的基于角色的访问控制。运行应用程序前，请务必留出足够的时间让权限生效。
```
// Retrieve the OpenAI connection information from the configuration
Uri openaiEndpoint = new(configuration["ChatApp:AzureOpenAI:Endpoint"]);
string deploymentName = configuration["ChatApp:AzureOpenAI:DeploymentName"];

// Initialize the AzureOpenAIClient
AzureOpenAIClient azureClient = new(openaiEndpoint, credential);
// Create a chat client
ChatClient chatClient = azureClient.GetChatClient(deploymentName);
```
若要使用 API 密钥访问 Azure OpenAI 资源，请添加以下代码：
```
// Initialize the AzureOpenAIClient
var apiKey = configuration["ChatApp:AzureOpenAI:ApiKey"];
AzureOpenAIClient client = new(openAIEndpoint, new AzureKeyCredential(apiKey));
```
如果密钥 ChatApp：AzureOpenAI：ApiKey 是应用配置中的 Key Vault 引用，请确保将以下代码片段添加到 AddAzureAppConfiguration 调用中，并向应用授予对 Key Vault 的访问权限。
```
options.ConfigureKeyVault(keyVaultOptions =>
{
    keyVaultOptions.SetCredential(credential);
});
```

在 ModelConfiguration 文件中定义类。

internal class ModelConfiguration
{
    [ConfigurationKeyName("model")]
    public string? Model { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("messages")]
    public List<Message>? Messages { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("max_tokens")]
    public int MaxTokens { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("temperature")]
    public float Temperature { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("top_p")]
    public float TopP { get; set; }
}

internal class Message
{
    [ConfigurationKeyName("role")]
    public required string Role { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("content")]
    public string? Content { get; set; }
}

更新 Program.cs 文件以添加帮助程序方法来 GetChatMessages 处理聊天消息：

// Helper method to convert configuration messages to chat API format
static IEnumerable<ChatMessage> GetChatMessages(ModelConfiguration modelConfiguration)
{
    return modelConfiguration.Messages.Select<Message, ChatMessage>(message => message.Role switch
    {
        "system" => ChatMessage.CreateSystemMessage(message.Content),
        "user" => ChatMessage.CreateUserMessage(message.Content),
        "assistant" => ChatMessage.CreateAssistantMessage(message.Content),
        _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Unknown role: {message.Role}", nameof(message.Role))
    });
}

接下来，更新 Program.cs 文件中的现有代码以从 Azure 应用配置刷新配置，将最新的 AI 配置值应用于聊天完成设置，并从 AI 模型检索响应。

while (true)
{
    // Refresh the configuration from Azure App Configuration
    await refresher.RefreshAsync();

    // Configure chat completion with AI configuration
    var modelConfiguration = configuration.GetSection("ChatApp:Model").Get<ModelConfiguration>();
    var requestOptions = new ChatCompletionOptions()
    {
        MaxOutputTokenCount = modelConfiguration.MaxTokens,
        Temperature = modelConfiguration.Temperature,
        TopP = modelConfiguration.TopP
    };

    foreach (var message in modelConfiguration.Messages)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"{message.Role}: {message.Content}");
    }

    // Get chat response from AI
    var response = await chatClient.CompleteChatAsync(GetChatMessages(modelConfiguration), requestOptions);
    Console.WriteLine($"AI response: {response.Value.Content[0].Text}");

    Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to continue...");
    Console.ReadLine();
}

完成前面的步骤后， Program.cs 文件现在应包含完整的实现，如下所示：

using Azure.AI.OpenAI;
using Azure.Identity;
using Azure.Core;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.AzureAppConfiguration;
using OpenAI.Chat;

TokenCredential credential = new DefaultAzureCredential();
IConfigurationRefresher refresher = null;

// Load configuration from Azure App Configuration
IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddAzureAppConfiguration(options =>
    {
        Uri endpoint = new(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT") ??
            throw new InvalidOperationException("The environment variable 'AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT' is not set or is empty."));
        options.Connect(endpoint, credential)
            // Load all keys that start with "ChatApp:" and have no label.
            .Select("ChatApp:*")
            // Reload configuration if any selected key-values have changed.
            // Use the default refresh interval of 30 seconds. It can be overridden via refreshOptions.SetRefreshInterval.
            .ConfigureRefresh(refreshOptions =>
            {
                refreshOptions.RegisterAll();
            });

        refresher = options.GetRefresher();
    })
    .Build();

// Retrieve the OpenAI connection information from the configuration
Uri openaiEndpoint = new(configuration["ChatApp:AzureOpenAI:Endpoint"]);
string deploymentName = configuration["ChatApp:AzureOpenAI:DeploymentName"];

// Create a chat client
AzureOpenAIClient azureClient = new(openaiEndpoint, credential);
ChatClient chatClient = azureClient.GetChatClient(deploymentName);

while (true)
{
    // Refresh the configuration from Azure App Configuration
    await refresher.RefreshAsync();

    // Configure chat completion with AI configuration
    var modelConfiguration = configuration.GetSection("ChatApp:Model").Get<ModelConfiguration>();
    var requestOptions = new ChatCompletionOptions()
    {
        MaxOutputTokenCount = modelConfiguration.MaxTokens,
        Temperature = modelConfiguration.Temperature,
        TopP = modelConfiguration.TopP
    };

    foreach (var message in modelConfiguration.Messages)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"{message.Role}: {message.Content}");
    }

    // Get chat response from AI
    var response = await chatClient.CompleteChatAsync(GetChatMessages(modelConfiguration), requestOptions);
    Console.WriteLine($"AI response: {response.Value.Content[0].Text}");

    Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to continue...");
    Console.ReadLine();

}

static IEnumerable<ChatMessage> GetChatMessages(ModelConfiguration modelConfiguration)
{
    return modelConfiguration.Messages.Select<Message, ChatMessage>(message => message.Role switch
    {
        "system" => ChatMessage.CreateSystemMessage(message.Content),
        "user" => ChatMessage.CreateUserMessage(message.Content),
        "assistant" => ChatMessage.CreateAssistantMessage(message.Content),
        _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Unknown role: {message.Role}", nameof(message.Role))
    });
}

internal class ModelConfiguration
{
    [ConfigurationKeyName("model")]
    public string? Model { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("messages")]
    public List<Message>? Messages { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("max_tokens")]
    public int MaxTokens { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("temperature")]
    public float Temperature { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("top_p")]
    public float TopP { get; set; }
}

internal class Message
{
    [ConfigurationKeyName("role")]
    public required string Role { get; set; }

    [ConfigurationKeyName("content")]
    public string? Content { get; set; }
}

生成并运行应用

将名为 “AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT ”的环境变量设置为 Azure 门户中应用商店 “概述 ”下找到的应用配置存储的终结点。

如果使用 Windows 命令提示符，则请运行以下命令并重启命令提示符，这样更改才会生效：
```
setx AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT "<endpoint-of-your-app-configuration-store>"
```
如果使用 PowerShell，请运行以下命令：
```
$Env:AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT = "<endpoint-of-your-app-configuration-store>"
```
如果使用 macOS 或 Linux，请运行以下命令：
```
export AZURE_APPCONFIGURATION_ENDPOINT ='<endpoint-of-your-app-configuration-store>'
```

正确设置环境变量后，运行以下命令以生成并运行应用。

dotnet run

应会看到以下输出：

system: You are a helpful assistant.
user: What is the capital of France ?
AI response: The capital of France is **Paris**.
Press Enter to continue...

在 Azure 门户中，选择已创建的应用配置存储实例。从“操作”菜单中选择“配置资源管理器”，然后选择ChatApp:Model键。将 Messages 属性的值进行更新：
- 角色：系统
- 内容：“你是一个欢快的导游”。

等待片刻，刷新间隔过后，然后按 Enter 键查看输出中更新的 AI 响应。

system: You are a cheerful tour guide
user: What is the capital of France ?
AI response: Oh là là! The capital of France is the magnificent **Paris**!
Known as the "City of Light" (*La Ville Lumière*), it's famous for its romantic ambiance,
iconic landmarks like the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre Museum, and Notre-Dame Cathedral,
as well as its delicious pastries and charming cafés.
Have you ever been, or is it on your travel bucket list? 😊✨
Press Enter to continue...

通过

在 .NET 控制台应用中使用聊天补全配置

先决条件

创建控制台应用

生成并运行应用

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