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通过 PowerShell 使用 REST API 进行 Azure NetApp 文件开发

项目
10/24/2023

适用于 Azure NetApp 文件服务的 REST API 定义了针对 NetApp 帐户、容量池、卷和快照等资源执行的 HTTP 操作。本文帮助你通过 PowerShell 开始使用 Azure NetApp 文件 REST API。

Azure NetApp 文件 REST API 规格

Azure NetApp 文件的 REST API 规范通过 GitHub 发布：

https://github.com/Azure/azure-rest-api-specs/tree/main/specification/netapp/resource-manager

访问 Azure NetApp 文件 REST API

安装 Azure CLI（如果尚未这样做）。

在 Microsoft Entra ID 中创建服务主体：

验证你是否拥有足够的权限。

在 Azure CLI 中输入以下命令：

$RBAC_SP = az ad sp create-for-rbac --name <YOURSPNAMEGOESHERE> --role Contributor --scopes /subscriptions/<subscription-id> | ConvertFrom-Json

若要显示服务主体信息，请键入 $RBAC_SP 并按 Enter。

appId       : appID displays here
displayName : displayName
name        : http://SP_Name
password    : super secret password
tenant      : your tenant shows here

输出保存在变量对象 $RBAC_SP 中。我们将使用 $RBAC_SP.appId、$RBAC_SP.password 和 $RBAC_SP.tenant 值。

请求 OAuth 访问令牌：

本文中的示例使用 PowerShell。也可以使用 Postman、Insomnia 和 Paw 等各种 API 工具。

使用 $RBAC_SP 变量，我们现在将获得持有者令牌。
```
$body = "grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=$($RBAC_SP.appId)&client_secret=$($RBAC_SP.password)&resource=https://management.azure.com/"
$BearerToken = Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post -body $body -Uri https://login.microsoftonline.com/$($RBAC_SP.tenant)/oauth2/token
```
输出提供持有者令牌对象。可以通过键入 $BearerToken.access_token 来查看访问令牌。这类似于以下示例：
```
eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsIng1dCI6Im5iQ3dXMTF3M1hrQi14VWFYd0tSU0xqTUhHUSIsImtpZCI6Im5iQ3dXMTF3M1hrQi14VWFYd0tSU0xqTUhHUSJ9
```
显示的令牌的有效期为 3600 秒。此期限过后，需要请求新令牌。令牌保存在变量中，将在下一步使用。

创建 headers 对象：

$headers = New-Object "System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary[[String],[String]]"
$headers.Add("Authorization", "Bearer $($BearerToken.access_token)")
$headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")

发送测试调用，并包含令牌用于验证是否可以访问 REST API：

$SubId = (Get-AzContext).Subscription.Id 
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Headers $headers -Uri https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubId/providers/Microsoft.Web/sites?api-version=2022-05-01

使用 API 的示例

本文对请求基线使用以下 URL。此 URL 指向 Azure NetApp 文件命名空间的根。

https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SUBID/resourceGroups/$RESOURCEGROUP/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts?api-version=2022-05-01

在运行以下示例之前，应该使用你自己的值给变量赋值。通过键入 $variablename 来访问 PowerShell 变量。使用 $variablename = “value” 给 PowerShell 变量赋值。

$Region = “westus2" 
$ResourceGroup = “MYTest-RG-63" 
$ANFvnetname = “NetAppFilesVnet-63"
$ANFvnetCIDR = “10.63.64.0/18"
$ANFsubnet = “NetAppFilesSubnet-63"
$ANFsubnetCIDR = “10.63.120.0/28"
$ANFsubnetID = “/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/$ANFvnetname/subnets/$ANFSubnet"
$ANFAccount = “TestoftheAPI"
$ANFCapacityPool = “ANFTestPool"
$ANFServicelevel = “Standard"
$ANFVolume = “ANFTestVolume"
$ANFVolumeShareName = “Share-TEST"
$ANFVolumesize = 100GB
$ANFSnapshot = “ANFTestSnapshot"

PUT 请求示例

使用 PUT 请求在 Azure NetApp 文件中创建新对象，如以下示例所示。 PUT 请求的正文包含用于更改的 JSON 格式数据。它必须作为文本包含在 PowerShell 命令中，或以文件形式进行引用。若要以文件形式引用正文，请将 json 示例保存到文件中，并将 -body (Get-Content @<filename>) 添加到 PowerShell 命令。

    #create a NetApp account  
    $body = "{ 
        `"name`": `"$ANFAccount`", 
        `"type`": `"Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts`", 
        `"location`": `"$Region`", 
        `"properties`": { 
            `"name`": `"$ANFAccount`" 
        }
    } "

    $api_version = "2020-02-01"
    Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount`?api-version=$api_version"

    #create a capacity pool  
    $body = "{
      `"location`": `"$Region`",
      `"properties`": {
        `"size`": " + 4TB + ",
        `"serviceLevel`": `"Standard`"
      }
    }"
    $api_version = "2020-02-01"
    Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool`?api-version=$api_version"

    #create a volume  
    $body = "{
        `"name`": `"$ANFVolume`",
        `"type`": `"Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/capacityPools/volumes`",
        `"location`": `"$Region`",
        `"properties`": {
            `"serviceLevel`": `"$ANFServicelevel`",
            `"usageThreshold`": `"$ANFVolumesize`",
            `"creationToken`": `"$ANFVolumeShareName`",
            `"snapshotId`": `"`",
            `"subnetId`": `"$ANFSubnetID`"
        }
    }"
    $api_version = "2020-02-01"
    Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool/volumes/$ANFVolume`?api-version=$api_version"

    #create a volume snapshot
    $body = "{
        `"name`": `"$ANFAccount/$ANFCapacityPool/$ANFVolume/$ANFSnapshot`",
        `"type`": `"Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/capacityPools/Volumes/Snapshots`",
        `"location`": `"$Region`",
        `"properties`": {
            `"name`": `"$ANFSnapshot`",
            `"fileSystemId`": `"$FileSystemID`"
        }
    }"
    $api_version = '2020-02-01'
    Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool/volumes/$ANFVolume/Snapshots/$ANFSnapshot`?api-version=$api_version"

JSON 示例

以下示例演示如何创建 NetApp 帐户：

    { 
        "name": "MYNETAPPACCOUNT", 
        "type": "Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts", 
        "location": "westus2", 
        "properties": { 
            "name": "MYNETAPPACCOUNT" 
        }
    }

以下示例说明如何创建容量池：

    {
        "name": "MYNETAPPACCOUNT/POOLNAME",
        "type": "Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/capacityPools",
        "location": "westus2",
        "properties": {
            "name": "POOLNAME",
            "size": "4398046511104",
            "serviceLevel": "Premium"
        }
    }

以下示例演示如何创建新卷。（卷的默认协议为 NFSV3。）

    {
        "name": "MYNEWVOLUME",
        "type": "Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/capacityPools/volumes",
        "location": "westus2",
        "properties": {
            "serviceLevel": "Premium",
            "usageThreshold": "322122547200",
            "creationToken": "MY-FILEPATH",
            "snapshotId": "",
            "subnetId": "/subscriptions/$SUBID/resourceGroups/$RESOURCEGROUP/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/VNETGOESHERE/subnets/MYDELEGATEDSUBNET.sn"
        }
    }

以下示例演示如何创建卷的快照：

    {
        "name": "apitest2/apiPool01/apiVol01/snap02",
        "type": "Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/capacityPools/Volumes/Snapshots",
        "location": "westus2",
        "properties": {
            "name": "snap02",
            "fileSystemId": "0168704a-bbec-da81-2c29-503825fe7420"
        }
    }

注意

需要指定 fileSystemId 来创建快照。对卷使用 GET 请求可以获取 fileSystemId 值。

GET 请求示例

如果资源不存在，则会出现错误。使用 GET 请求查询订阅中 Azure NetApp 文件的对象，如以下示例所示：

#get NetApp accounts 
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Headers $headers -Uri https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SUBID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts?api-version=2022-05-01 | ConvertTo-Json

#get capacity pools for NetApp account 
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Headers $headers -Uri https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SUBID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFACCOUNT/capacityPools?api-version=2022-05-01 | ConvertTo-Json

#get volumes in NetApp account & capacity pool 
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Headers $headers -Uri https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SUBID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFACCOUNT/capacityPools/$ANFCAPACITYPOOL/volumes?api-version=2022-05-01 | ConvertTo-Json

#get snapshots for a volume 
Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Headers $headers -Uri https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SUBID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFACCOUNT/capacityPools/$ANFCAPACITYPOOL/volumes/$ANFVOLUME/snapshots?api-version=2022-05-01 | ConvertTo-Json

完整的 PowerShell 脚本

本部分显示 PowerShell 的示例脚本。

    <#
    Disclaimer 
    The sample scripts are not supported under any Microsoft standard support program or service. The sample scripts are provided AS IS without warranty of any kind. Microsoft further disclaims all implied warranties including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk arising out of the use or performance of the sample scripts and documentation remains with you. In no event shall Microsoft, its authors, or anyone else involved in the creation, production, or delivery of the scripts be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or other pecuniary loss) arising out of the use of or inability to use the sample scripts or documentation, even if Microsoft has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
    #>
    
    $Region = "westus2"
    $SubID = (Get-AzureRmContext).Subscription.Id
    $MyRandomID =  Get-Random -Minimum 100 -Maximum 999
    $ResourceGroup = "MYTest-RG-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFAccount = "ANFTestAccount-$Region-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFCapacityPool =  "ANFTestPool-$Region-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFVolume = "ANFTestVolume-$Region-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFVolumesize = 100GB
    $ANFVolumeShareName = "Share-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFSnapshot = "ANFTestSnapshot-$Region-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFServicelevel = "Standard"
    $Octet2 = Get-Random -Minimum 1 -Maximum 254
    $ANFvnetname = "NetAppFilesVnet-$Octet2-$Region-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFvnetCIDR = "10.$Octet2.64.0/18"
    $ANFsubnet = "NetAppFilesSubnet-$Octet2-$Region-" + $MyRandomID
    $ANFsubnetCIDR = "10.$Octet2.120.0/28"
    $vmsubnet = "VM-subnet-$Octet2-$Region-" + $MyRandomID
    $vmsubnetCIDR = "10.$Octet2.121.0/24"
    
    $BearerToken = (az account get-access-token | ConvertFrom-Json).accessToken
    
    $headers = New-Object "System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary[[String],[String]]"
    $headers.Add("Authorization", "Bearer $BearerToken")
    $headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
    
    " ** Creating Resource Group $ResourceGroup *************"
    $api_version = "2020-01-01"
    $body = "    {
      `"location`": `"$Region`",
      `"name`": `"$ResourceGroup`"
    },"
    $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourcegroups/$ResourceGroup`?api-version=$api_version" 
    While ($response.properties.provisioningState -notmatch "Succeeded") {
       $response.properties.provisioningState
       sleep 5
       $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method ‘GET’ -Headers $headers -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup`?api-version=$api_version" 
       } 
    
    " ** Creating Virtual Network $ANFvnetname *************"
    $body = "{
      `"properties`": {
        `"addressSpace`": {
          `"addressPrefixes`": [
            `"$ANFvnetCIDR`"
          ]
        },
        `"subnets`": [
          {
            `"name`": `"$ANFsubnet`",
            `"properties`": {
              `"addressPrefix`": `"$ANFsubnetCIDR`",
              `"delegations`": [
                {
                  `"name`": `"Microsoft.NetApp`",
                  `"properties`": {
                    `"serviceName`": `"Microsoft.NetApp/volumes`"
                  }
                }
              ]
            }
          },
         {
            `"name`": `"$vmsubnet`",
            `"properties`": {
              `"addressPrefix`": `"$vmsubnetCIDR`"
                }
         }
        ]
      },
      `"location`": `"$Region`"
    }"
    
    $api_version = "2020-03-01"
    $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/$ANFvnetname`?api-version=$api_version" 
    While ($response.properties.provisioningState -notmatch "Succeeded") {
           sleep 5
           $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method ‘GET’ -Headers $headers -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/$ANFvnetname`?api-version=$api_version" 
           $response.properties.provisioningState
           }  
    $ANFsubnetID = $response.properties.subnets.id[0]
    
    " ** Creating ANF Account $ANFAccount *************"
    $body = "{ 
        `"name`": `"$ANFAccount`", 
        `"type`": `"Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts`", 
        `"location`": `"$Region`", 
        `"properties`": { 
            `"name`": `"$ANFAccount`" 
        }
    } "
    $api_version = "2020-02-01"
    $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount`?api-version=$api_version" 
    $response.properties.provisioningState
    While ($response.properties.provisioningState -notmatch "Succeeded") {
       $response.properties.provisioningState
       sleep 5
       $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method ‘GET’ -Headers $headers -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount`?api-version=$api_version" 
       }  
    
    " ** Creating Capacity Pool $ANFCapacityPool *************"
    $body = "{
      `"location`": `"$Region`",
      `"properties`": {
        `"size`": " + 4TB + ",
        `"serviceLevel`": `"Standard`"
      }
    }"
    $api_version = "2020-02-01"
    $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool`?api-version=$api_version" 
    $response.properties.provisioningState
    While ($response.properties.provisioningState -notmatch "Succeeded") {
       $response.properties.provisioningState
       sleep 5
       $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method ‘GET’ -Headers $headers -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount`?api-version=$api_version" 
       }  
    
    " ** Creating ANF Volume $ANFVolume *************"
    $body = "{
        `"name`": `"$ANFVolume`",
        `"type`": `"Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/capacityPools/volumes`",
        `"location`": `"$Region`",
        `"properties`": {
            `"serviceLevel`": `"$ANFServicelevel`",
            `"usageThreshold`": `"$ANFVolumesize`",
            `"creationToken`": `"$ANFVolumeShareName`",
            `"snapshotId`": `"`",
            `"subnetId`": `"$ANFSubnetID`"
        }
    }"
    $api_version = "2020-02-01"
    $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool/volumes/$ANFVolume`?api-version=$api_version" 
    While ($response.properties.provisioningState -notmatch "Succeeded") {
       $response.properties.provisioningState
       sleep 15
       $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method ‘GET’ -Headers $headers -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool/volumes/$ANFVolume`?api-version=$api_version" 
       } 
    $Volume = $response 
    $FileSystemID = $response.properties.fileSystemId
    
    " ** Creating ANF Volume Snapshot $ANFSnapshot *************"
    $body = "{
        `"name`": `"$ANFAccount/$ANFCapacityPool/$ANFVolume/$ANFSnapshot`",
        `"type`": `"Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/capacityPools/Volumes/Snapshots`",
        `"location`": `"$Region`",
        `"properties`": {
            `"name`": `"$ANFSnapshot`",
            `"fileSystemId`": `"$FileSystemID`"
        }
    }"
    $api_version = '2020-02-01'
    $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method 'PUT' -Headers $headers -Body $body -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool/volumes/$ANFVolume/Snapshots/$ANFSnapshot`?api-version=$api_version" 
    While ($response.properties.provisioningState -notmatch "Succeeded") {
       $response.properties.provisioningState
       sleep 5
       $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Method ‘GET’ -Headers $headers -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$SubID/resourceGroups/$ResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.NetApp/netAppAccounts/$ANFAccount/capacityPools/$ANFCapacityPool/volumes/$ANFVolume/Snapshots/$ANFSnapshot`?api-version=$api_version" 
       }

后续步骤

参阅 Azure NetApp 文件 REST API 参考

通过