$not （逻辑查询）

适用对象： MongoDB vCore

该 $not 运算符对指定的表达式执行逻辑 NOT 运算，并选择与表达式不匹配的文档。

语法

{ field: { $not: { <operator-expression> } } }

参数

参数	类型	DESCRIPTION
operator-expression	表达式	要否定的表达式

例子

示例 1：基本 NOT作

查找没有完全 5 名全职员工的商店：

db.stores.find({
  "staff.totalStaff.fullTime": {
    $not: { $eq: 5 }
  }
})

输出：

      {
        eventName: 'Unbeatable Bargain Bash',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 6, Day: 23 },
          endDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 7, Day: 2 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Cabinets', discountPercentage: 8 },
          { categoryName: 'Desks', discountPercentage: 22 }
        ]
      }

示例 2：不带正则表达式

查找名称不以“First Up”开头的存储：

db.stores.find({
  name: {
    $not: /^First Up/
  }
})

输出：

  {
    _id: 'cac30620-fd99-4ee2-8329-c87980ab2b24',
    name: 'Contoso, Ltd. | Handbag Bargains - South Jovanny',
    location: { lat: 19.6816, lon: 18.6237 },
    staff: { totalStaff: { fullTime: 10, partTime: 19 } },
    sales: {
      totalSales: 56878,
      salesByCategory: [
        { categoryName: 'Mini Bags', totalSales: 20543 },
        { categoryName: 'Satchels', totalSales: 36335 }
      ]
    },
    promotionEvents: [
      {
        eventName: 'Price Slash Carnival',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2023, Month: 6, Day: 29 },
          endDate: { Year: 2023, Month: 7, Day: 8 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Messenger Bags', discountPercentage: 9 },
          { categoryName: 'Shoulder Bags', discountPercentage: 8 }
        ]
      },
      {
        eventName: 'Major Bargain Bash',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2023, Month: 9, Day: 27 },
          endDate: { Year: 2023, Month: 10, Day: 5 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Hobo Bags', discountPercentage: 15 },
          { categoryName: 'Messenger Bags', discountPercentage: 9 }
        ]
      },
      {
        eventName: 'Unbeatable Bargain Bash',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2023, Month: 12, Day: 26 },
          endDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 1, Day: 4 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Bucket Bags', discountPercentage: 22 },
          { categoryName: 'Shoulder Bags', discountPercentage: 10 }
        ]
      },
      {
        eventName: 'Big Bargain Blitz',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 3, Day: 25 },
          endDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 4, Day: 1 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Crossbody Bags', discountPercentage: 25 },
          { categoryName: 'Backpacks', discountPercentage: 19 }
        ]
      },
      {
        eventName: 'Clearance Carnival',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 6, Day: 23 },
          endDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 6, Day: 30 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Bucket Bags', discountPercentage: 8 },
          { categoryName: 'Mini Bags', discountPercentage: 16 }
        ]
      },
      {
        eventName: 'Blowout Bargain Bash',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 9, Day: 21 },
          endDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 9, Day: 29 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Hobo Bags', discountPercentage: 23 },
          { categoryName: 'Clutches', discountPercentage: 8 }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }

示例 3：复杂 NOT作

查找没有任何促销活动的商店，只有 20% 折扣：

db.stores.find({
  "promotionEvents.discounts.discountPercentage": {
    $not: { $eq: 20 }
  }
})

输出：

  {
    _id: 'f25b56da-2789-42f2-b844-3c88c7384307',
    name: 'Fourth Coffee | Home Decor Corner - Kavonshire',
    location: { lat: -82.8806, lon: 125.2905 },
    staff: { totalStaff: { fullTime: 19, partTime: 14 } },
    sales: {
      totalSales: 6485,
      salesByCategory: [ { categoryName: 'Picture Frames', totalSales: 6485 } ]
    },
    promotionEvents: [
      {
        eventName: 'Crazy Discount Days',
        promotionalDates: {
          startDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 9, Day: 21 },
          endDate: { Year: 2024, Month: 10, Day: 1 }
        },
        discounts: [
          { categoryName: 'Mirrors', discountPercentage: 21 },
          { categoryName: 'Vases', discountPercentage: 15 }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }..

局限性

• $not 仅接受单个表达式
• 不能直接包含另一个逻辑运算符

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