Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> Delegate

Definition

Encapsulates a method that has four parameters and does not return a value.

public delegate void Action<in T1,in T2,in T3,in T4>(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3, T4 arg4);
public delegate void Action<T1,T2,T3,T4>(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3, T4 arg4);

Type Parameters

T1

The type of the first parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

This type parameter is contravariant. That is, you can use either the type you specified or any type that is less derived. For more information about covariance and contravariance, see Covariance and Contravariance in Generics.
T2

The type of the second parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

This type parameter is contravariant. That is, you can use either the type you specified or any type that is less derived. For more information about covariance and contravariance, see Covariance and Contravariance in Generics.
T3

The type of the third parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

This type parameter is contravariant. That is, you can use either the type you specified or any type that is less derived. For more information about covariance and contravariance, see Covariance and Contravariance in Generics.
T4

The type of the fourth parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

This type parameter is contravariant. That is, you can use either the type you specified or any type that is less derived. For more information about covariance and contravariance, see Covariance and Contravariance in Generics.

Parameters

arg1
T1

The first parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

arg2
T2

The second parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

arg3
T3

The third parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

arg4
T4

The fourth parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

Remarks

You can use the Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> delegate to pass a method as a parameter without explicitly declaring a custom delegate. The encapsulated method must correspond to the method signature that is defined by this delegate. This means that the encapsulated method must have four parameters that are all passed to it by value, and it must not return a value. (In C#, the method must return void. In F#, the method or function must return unit. In Visual Basic, it must be defined by the SubEnd Sub construct. It can also be a method that returns a value that is ignored.) Typically, such a method is used to perform an operation.

备注

To reference a method that has four parameters and returns a value, use the generic Func<T1,T2,T3,T4,TResult> delegate instead.

When you use the Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> delegate, you do not have to explicitly define a delegate that encapsulates a method with four parameters. For example, the following code explicitly declares a delegate named StringCopy and assigns a reference to the CopyStrings method to its delegate instance.

using System;

delegate void StringCopy(string[] stringArray1,
                         string[] stringArray2,
                         int indexToStart,
                         int numberToCopy);

public class TestDelegate
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth",
                           "Sixth", "Seventh", "Eighth", "Ninth", "Tenth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        StringCopy copyOperation = CopyStrings;
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3, 5);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target,
                                    int startPos, int number)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= startPos + number - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

The following example simplifies this code by instantiating the Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> delegate instead of explicitly defining a new delegate and assigning a named method to it.

using System;

public class TestAction4
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth",
                           "Sixth", "Seventh", "Eighth", "Ninth", "Tenth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        Action<string[], string[], int, int> copyOperation = CopyStrings;
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3, 5);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target,
                                    int startPos, int number)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= startPos + number - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

You can also use the Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> delegate with anonymous methods in C#, as the following example illustrates. (For an introduction to anonymous methods, see Anonymous Methods.)

using System;

public class TestAnonymousMethod
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth",
                           "Sixth", "Seventh", "Eighth", "Ninth", "Tenth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        Action<string[], string[], int, int> copyOperation =
                                             delegate (string[] s1, string[] s2,
                                             int pos, int num)
                                  { CopyStrings(s1, s2, pos, num); };
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3, 5);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target,
                                    int startPos, int number)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= startPos + number - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

You can also assign a lambda expression to an Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> delegate instance, as the following example illustrates. (For an introduction to lambda expressions, see Lambda Expressions (C#) or Lambda Expressions (F#).)

using System;

public class TestLambdaExpression
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth",
                           "Sixth", "Seventh", "Eighth", "Ninth", "Tenth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        Action<string[], string[], int, int> copyOperation = (s1, s2, pos, num)
                                             => CopyStrings(s1, s2, pos, num);
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3, 5);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target,
                                    int startPos, int number)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= startPos + number - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

Extension Methods

GetMethodInfo(Delegate)

Gets an object that represents the method represented by the specified delegate.

Applies to

See also