SortedList<TKey,TValue>.IDictionary.Item[Object] 属性
定义
重要
一些信息与预发行产品相关,相应产品在发行之前可能会进行重大修改。 对于此处提供的信息,Microsoft 不作任何明示或暗示的担保。
获取或设置具有指定键的元素。
property System::Object ^ System::Collections::IDictionary::Item[System::Object ^] { System::Object ^ get(System::Object ^ key); void set(System::Object ^ key, System::Object ^ value); };
object System.Collections.IDictionary.Item[object key] { get; set; }
object? System.Collections.IDictionary.Item[object key] { get; set; }
member this.System.Collections.IDictionary.Item(obj) : obj with get, set
Property Item(key As Object) As Object Implements IDictionary.Item
参数
- key
- Object
要获取或设置的元素的键。
属性值
如果 null
不在字典中或 key
的类型属于不能分配给 key
的键类型 TKey
,则为具有指定键的元素或 SortedList<TKey,TValue>。
实现
例外
key
为 null
。
正在分配值,并且 key
属于不能分配给 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 的键类型 TKey
的类型。
或
正在分配值,并且 value
属于不能分配给 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 的值类型 TValue
的类型。
示例
下面的代码示例演示如何将 IDictionary.Item[] 属性 (C#) 接口的 System.Collections.IDictionary 索引器中, SortedList<TKey,TValue>以及 属性与 属性的不同 SortedList<TKey,TValue>.Item[] 之处。
该示例显示,与 属性一样 SortedList<TKey,TValue>.Item[] , SortedList<TKey,TValue>.IDictionary.Item[] 属性可以更改与现有键关联的值,并且如果指定的键不在排序列表中,则可用于添加新的键/值对。 该示例还表明,与 属性不同 SortedList<TKey,TValue>.Item[] , SortedList<TKey,TValue>.IDictionary.Item[] 如果 key
不在排序列表中,则 属性不会引发异常,而是返回 null 引用。 最后,该示例演示,如果不是正确的数据类型, SortedList<TKey,TValue>.IDictionary.Item[] 则获取属性将返回 null 引用;如果 key
key
不是正确的数据类型,则设置属性将引发异常。
代码示例是为 方法提供的更大示例(包括输出)的一 IDictionary.Add 部分。
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys,
// and access it using the IDictionary interface.
//
IDictionary openWith = new SortedList<string, string>();
// Add some elements to the sorted list. There are no
// duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
// IDictionary.Add throws an exception if incorrect types
// are supplied for key or value.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys,
' and access it using the IDictionary interface.
'
Dim openWith As IDictionary = _
New sortedList(Of String, String)
' Add some elements to the sorted list. There are no
' duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
' IDictionary.Add throws an exception if incorrect types
' are supplied for key or value.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
// The Item property is another name for the indexer, so you
// can omit its name when accessing elements.
Console.WriteLine("For key = \"rtf\", value = {0}.",
openWith["rtf"]);
// The indexer can be used to change the value associated
// with a key.
openWith["rtf"] = "winword.exe";
Console.WriteLine("For key = \"rtf\", value = {0}.",
openWith["rtf"]);
// If a key does not exist, setting the indexer for that key
// adds a new key/value pair.
openWith["doc"] = "winword.exe";
// The indexer returns null if the key is of the wrong data
// type.
Console.WriteLine("The indexer returns null"
+ " if the key is of the wrong type:");
Console.WriteLine("For key = 2, value = {0}.",
openWith[2]);
// The indexer throws an exception when setting a value
// if the key is of the wrong data type.
try
{
openWith[2] = "This does not get added.";
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
Console.WriteLine("A key of the wrong type was specified"
+ " when assigning to the indexer.");
}
' The Item property is the default property, so you
' can omit its name when accessing elements.
Console.WriteLine("For key = ""rtf"", value = {0}.", _
openWith("rtf"))
' The default Item property can be used to change the value
' associated with a key.
openWith("rtf") = "winword.exe"
Console.WriteLine("For key = ""rtf"", value = {0}.", _
openWith("rtf"))
' If a key does not exist, setting the default Item property
' for that key adds a new key/value pair.
openWith("doc") = "winword.exe"
' The default Item property returns Nothing if the key
' is of the wrong data type.
Console.WriteLine("The default Item property returns Nothing" _
& " if the key is of the wrong type:")
Console.WriteLine("For key = 2, value = {0}.", _
openWith(2))
' The default Item property throws an exception when setting
' a value if the key is of the wrong data type.
Try
openWith(2) = "This does not get added."
Catch
Console.WriteLine("A key of the wrong type was specified" _
& " when setting the default Item property.")
End Try
// Unlike the default Item property on the SorteList class
// itself, IDictionary.Item does not throw an exception
// if the requested key is not in the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine("For key = \"tif\", value = {0}.",
openWith["tif"]);
' Unlike the default Item property on the SortedList class
' itself, IDictionary.Item does not throw an exception
' if the requested key is not in the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine("For key = ""tif"", value = {0}.", _
openWith("tif"))
}
}
End Sub
End Class
注解
如果 key
的类型不可分配给 的键类型SortedList<TKey,TValue>TKey
,则此属性返回 null
。
通过此属性,可以使用以下语法来访问集合中的特定元素:myCollection[key]
。
还可以使用 Item[] 属性通过设置字典中不存在的键的值来添加新元素, myCollection["myNonexistentKey"] = myValue
例如 。 但是,如果字典中已存在指定的键,则设置 Item[] 属性将覆盖旧值。 相反, Add 方法不修改现有元素。
C# 语言使用此关键字 (keyword) 来定义索引器,而不是实现 IDictionary.Item[] 属性。 Visual Basic 将 IDictionary.Item[] 实现为默认属性,该属性提供相同的索引功能。
检索此属性的值是 O (日志 n
) 操作,其中 n 为 Count。 设置 属性是 O (日志 n
) 操作(如果 键已位于 中 SortedList<TKey,TValue>)。 如果键不在列表中,则设置 属性是未排序数据的 O (n
) 操作;如果在列表末尾添加新元素,则 O (日志 n
) 。 如果插入导致重设大小,则操作为 O (n
) 。