ApplicationSettingsBase 类

定义

命名空间:

System.Configuration

程序集:

System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.dll

包:

System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager v8.0.0

Source:

ApplicationSettingsBase.cs

作为派生具体包装类以实现 Window 窗体应用程序中的应用程序设置功能的基类。

public ref class ApplicationSettingsBase abstract : System::Configuration::SettingsBase, System::ComponentModel::INotifyPropertyChanged

public abstract class ApplicationSettingsBase : System.Configuration.SettingsBase, System.ComponentModel.INotifyPropertyChanged

type ApplicationSettingsBase = class
    inherit SettingsBase
    interface INotifyPropertyChanged

Public MustInherit Class ApplicationSettingsBase
Inherits SettingsBase
Implements INotifyPropertyChanged

继承

Object

SettingsBase

ApplicationSettingsBase

实现

INotifyPropertyChanged

示例

下面的代码示例演示了如何使用应用程序设置来保留main窗体的以下属性：位置、大小、背景色和标题栏文本。 所有这些属性都作为单个应用程序设置属性保留在 类中FormSettings，分别名为 FormLocation、 FormSizeFormBackColor 和 FormText。 除 和 Size 之外FormText的所有数据都绑定到其关联的表单属性，并且使用 DefaultSettingValueAttribute应用了默认设置值。

窗体包含四个具有以下名称和函数的子控件：

• 一个名为 的 btnBackColor 按钮，用于显示“ 颜色 通用”对话框。

• 用于Reload应用程序设置的名为 btnReload 的按钮。

• 用于Reset应用程序设置的名为 btnReset 的按钮。

• 名为 的 tbStatus 文本框，用于显示有关程序的状态信息。

请注意，每次执行应用程序后，窗体的标题文本中会追加一个额外的句点字符。

此代码示例需要具有名为 的colorDialog1类的 FormColorDialog，以及具有StatusStrip名为 的ToolStripStatusLabeltbStatus控件。 此外，它需要三 Button 个名为 btnReload、 btnReset和 btnBackColor的对象。

#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Drawing.dll>
#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::Configuration;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;

namespace AppSettingsSample
{
    //Application settings wrapper class
    ref class FormSettings sealed: public ApplicationSettingsBase
    {
    public:
        [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
        property String^ FormText
        {
            String^ get()
            {
                return (String^)this["FormText"];
            }
            void set( String^ value )
            {
                this["FormText"] = value;
            }
        }

    public:
        [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
        [DefaultSettingValueAttribute("0, 0")]
        property Point FormLocation
        {
            Point get()
            {
                return (Point)(this["FormLocation"]);
            }
            void set( Point value )
            {
                this["FormLocation"] = value;
            }
        }

    public:
        [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
        [DefaultSettingValueAttribute("225, 200")]
        property Size FormSize
        {
            Size get()
            {
                return (Size)this["FormSize"];
            }
            void set( Size value )
            {
                this["FormSize"] = value;
            }
        }

    public:
        [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
        [DefaultSettingValueAttribute("LightGray")]
        property Color FormBackColor
        {
            Color get()
            {
                return (Color)this["FormBackColor"];
            }
            void set(Color value)
            {
                this["FormBackColor"] = value;
            }
        }

    };

    ref class AppSettingsForm : Form
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
    private:
        System::ComponentModel::IContainer^ components;

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used. The Dispose(true) 
        /// pattern for embedded objects is implemented with this
        /// code that just contains a destructor 
        /// </summary>
    public:
        ~AppSettingsForm()
        {
            if (components != nullptr)
            {
                delete components;
            }
        }

#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code

        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
    private:
        void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this->components = nullptr;
            this->colorDialog = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ColorDialog();
            this->backColorButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
            this->resetButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
            this->statusDisplay = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox();
            this->reloadButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
            this->SuspendLayout();
            //
            // backColorButton
            //
            this->backColorButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(26, 24);
            this->backColorButton->Name = "backColorButton";
            this->backColorButton->Size = System::Drawing::Size(159, 23);
            this->backColorButton->TabIndex = 0;
            this->backColorButton->Text = "Change Background Color";
            this->backColorButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler
                (this,&AppSettingsForm::BackColorButton_Click);
            //
            // resetButton
            //
            this->resetButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(26, 90);
            this->resetButton->Name = "resetButton";
            this->resetButton->Size = System::Drawing::Size(159, 23);
            this->resetButton->TabIndex = 1;
            this->resetButton->Text = "Reset to Defaults";
            this->resetButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler
                (this,&AppSettingsForm::ResetButton_Click);
            //
            // statusDisplay
            //
            this->statusDisplay->Location = System::Drawing::Point(26, 123);
            this->statusDisplay->Name = "statusDisplay";
            this->statusDisplay->Size = System::Drawing::Size(159, 20);
            this->statusDisplay->TabIndex = 2;
            //
            // reloadButton
            //
            this->reloadButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(26, 57);
            this->reloadButton->Name = "reloadButton";
            this->reloadButton->Size = System::Drawing::Size(159, 23);
            this->reloadButton->TabIndex = 3;
            this->reloadButton->Text = "Reload from Storage";
            this->reloadButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler
                (this,&AppSettingsForm::ReloadButton_Click);
            //
            // AppSettingsForm
            //
            this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(217, 166);
            this->Controls->Add(this->reloadButton);
            this->Controls->Add(this->statusDisplay);
            this->Controls->Add(this->resetButton);
            this->Controls->Add(this->backColorButton);
            this->Name = "AppSettingsForm";
            this->Text = "App Settings";
            this->FormClosing += gcnew
                System::Windows::Forms::FormClosingEventHandler
                (this,&AppSettingsForm::AppSettingsForm_FormClosing);
            this->Load += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,
                &AppSettingsForm::AppSettingsForm_Load);
            this->ResumeLayout(false);
            this->PerformLayout();

        }

#pragma endregion

    private:
        System::Windows::Forms::ColorDialog^ colorDialog;

        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ backColorButton;

        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ resetButton;

        System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ statusDisplay;

        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ reloadButton;



        FormSettings ^ formSettings;

    public:
        AppSettingsForm()
        {
            formSettings = gcnew FormSettings;
            InitializeComponent();
        }

    private:
        void AppSettingsForm_Load(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            //Associate settings property event handlers.
            formSettings->SettingChanging += gcnew SettingChangingEventHandler(
                this, &AppSettingsForm::FormSettings_SettingChanging);
            formSettings->SettingsSaving += gcnew SettingsSavingEventHandler(
                this,&AppSettingsForm::FormSettings_SettingsSaving);

            //Data bind settings properties with straightforward associations.
            Binding^ backColorBinding = gcnew Binding("BackColor", 
                formSettings, "FormBackColor", true, 
                DataSourceUpdateMode::OnPropertyChanged);
            this->DataBindings->Add(backColorBinding);
            Binding^ sizeBinding = gcnew Binding("Size", formSettings,
                "FormSize", true, DataSourceUpdateMode::OnPropertyChanged);
            this->DataBindings->Add(sizeBinding);
            Binding^ locationBinding = gcnew Binding("Location", formSettings,
                "FormLocation", true, DataSourceUpdateMode::OnPropertyChanged);
            this->DataBindings->Add(locationBinding);

            //For more complex associations, manually assign associations.
            String^ savedText = formSettings->FormText;
            //Since there is no default value for FormText.
            if (savedText != nullptr)
            {
                this->Text = savedText;
            }
        }

    private:
        void AppSettingsForm_FormClosing(Object^ sender,
            FormClosingEventArgs^ e)
        {
            //Synchronize manual associations first.
            formSettings->FormText = this->Text + '.';
            formSettings->Save();
        }

    private:
        void BackColorButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            if (::DialogResult::OK == colorDialog->ShowDialog())
            {
                Color color = colorDialog->Color;
                this->BackColor = color;
            }
        }

    private:
        void ResetButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            formSettings->Reset();
            this->BackColor = SystemColors::Control;
        }

    private:
        void ReloadButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            formSettings->Reload();
        }

    private:
        void FormSettings_SettingChanging(Object^ sender,
            SettingChangingEventArgs^ e)
        {
            statusDisplay->Text = e->SettingName + ": " + e->NewValue;
        }

    private:
        void FormSettings_SettingsSaving(Object^ sender,
            CancelEventArgs^ e)
        {
            //Should check for settings changes first.
            ::DialogResult^ dialogResult = MessageBox::Show(
                "Save current values for application settings?",
                "Save Settings", MessageBoxButtons::YesNo);
            if (::DialogResult::No == dialogResult)
            {
                e->Cancel = true;
            }
        }
    };

partial class Form1 : Form
{
    private FormSettings frmSettings1 = new FormSettings();

    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        this.FormClosing += new FormClosingEventHandler(Form1_FormClosing);

        //Associate settings property event handlers.
        frmSettings1.SettingChanging += new SettingChangingEventHandler(
                                            frmSettings1_SettingChanging);
        frmSettings1.SettingsSaving += new SettingsSavingEventHandler(
                                            frmSettings1_SettingsSaving);

        //Data bind settings properties with straightforward associations.
        Binding bndBackColor = new Binding("BackColor", frmSettings1,
            "FormBackColor", true, DataSourceUpdateMode.OnPropertyChanged);
        this.DataBindings.Add(bndBackColor);
        Binding bndLocation = new Binding("Location", frmSettings1,
            "FormLocation", true, DataSourceUpdateMode.OnPropertyChanged);
        this.DataBindings.Add(bndLocation);

        // Assign Size property, since databinding to Size doesn't work well.
         this.Size = frmSettings1.FormSize;

        //For more complex associations, manually assign associations.
        String savedText = frmSettings1.FormText;
        //Since there is no default value for FormText.
        if (savedText != null)
            this.Text = savedText;
    }

    private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
    {
        //Synchronize manual associations first.
        frmSettings1.FormText = this.Text + '.';
        frmSettings1.FormSize = this.Size;
        frmSettings1.Save();
    }

    private void btnBackColor_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (DialogResult.OK == colorDialog1.ShowDialog())
        {
            Color c = colorDialog1.Color;
            this.BackColor = c;
        }
    }

    private void btnReset_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        frmSettings1.Reset();
        this.BackColor = SystemColors.Control;
    }

    private void btnReload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        frmSettings1.Reload();
    }

    void frmSettings1_SettingChanging(object sender, SettingChangingEventArgs e)
    {
        tbStatus.Text = e.SettingName + ": " + e.NewValue;
    }

    void frmSettings1_SettingsSaving(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
    {
        //Should check for settings changes first.
        DialogResult dr = MessageBox.Show(
                        "Save current values for application settings?",
                        "Save Settings", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo);
        if (DialogResult.No == dr)
        {
            e.Cancel = true;
        }
    }
}

//Application settings wrapper class
sealed class FormSettings : ApplicationSettingsBase
{
    [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
    public String FormText
    {
        get { return (String)this["FormText"]; }
        set { this["FormText"] = value; }
    }

    [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
    [DefaultSettingValueAttribute("0, 0")]
    public Point FormLocation
    {
        get { return (Point)(this["FormLocation"]); }
        set { this["FormLocation"] = value; }
    }

    [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
    [DefaultSettingValueAttribute("225, 200")]
    public Size FormSize
    {
        get { return (Size)this["FormSize"]; }
        set { this["FormSize"] = value; }
    }

    [UserScopedSettingAttribute()]
    [DefaultSettingValueAttribute("LightGray")]
    public Color FormBackColor
    {
        get { return (Color)this["FormBackColor"]; }
        set { this["FormBackColor"] = value; }
    }
}

Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.ComponentModel

Public Class Form1

    Private WithEvents frmSettings1 As New FormSettings

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
            Handles MyBase.Load
        'Settings property event handlers are associated through WithEvents 
        '  and Handles combination.

        'Data bind settings properties with straightforward associations.
        Dim bndBackColor As New Binding("BackColor", frmSettings1, "FormBackColor", _
                True, DataSourceUpdateMode.OnPropertyChanged)
        Me.DataBindings.Add(bndBackColor)
        Dim bndLocation As New Binding("Location", frmSettings1, "FormLocation", _
                True, DataSourceUpdateMode.OnPropertyChanged)
        Me.DataBindings.Add(bndLocation)

        ' Assign Size property, since databinding to Size doesn't work well.
        Me.Size = frmSettings1.FormSize

        'For more complex associations, manually assign associations.
        Dim savedText As String = frmSettings1.FormText
        'Since there is no default value for FormText.
        If (savedText IsNot Nothing) Then
            Me.Text = savedText
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub Form1_FormClosing_1(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As _
            FormClosingEventArgs) Handles MyBase.FormClosing
        'Synchronize manual associations first.
        frmSettings1.FormText = Me.Text + "."c

        ' Save size settings manually.
        frmSettings1.FormSize = Me.Size

        frmSettings1.Save()
    End Sub

    Private Sub btnBackColor_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
            Handles btnBackColor.Click
        If System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK = colorDialog1.ShowDialog() Then
            Dim c As Color = colorDialog1.Color
            Me.BackColor = c
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub btnReset_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
            Handles btnReset.Click
        frmSettings1.Reset()
        Me.BackColor = SystemColors.Control
    End Sub

    Private Sub btnReload_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
            Handles btnReload.Click
        frmSettings1.Reload()
    End Sub

    Private Sub frmSettings1_SettingChanging(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As _
            SettingChangingEventArgs) Handles frmSettings1.SettingChanging
        tbStatus.Text = e.SettingName & ": " & e.NewValue.ToString
    End Sub

    Private Sub frmSettings1_SettingsSaving(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As _
            CancelEventArgs) Handles frmSettings1.SettingsSaving
        'Should check for settings changes first.
        Dim dr As DialogResult = MessageBox.Show( _
            "Save current values for application settings?", "Save Settings", _
            MessageBoxButtons.YesNo)
        If (System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.No = dr) Then
            e.Cancel = True
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

'Application settings wrapper class. This class defines the settings we intend to use in our application.
NotInheritable Class FormSettings
    Inherits ApplicationSettingsBase

    <UserScopedSettingAttribute()> _
    Public Property FormText() As String
        Get
            Return CStr(Me("FormText"))
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            Me("FormText") = value
        End Set
    End Property

    <UserScopedSettingAttribute(), DefaultSettingValueAttribute("0, 0")> _
    Public Property FormLocation() As Point
        Get
            Return CType(Me("FormLocation"), Point)
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As Point)
            Me("FormLocation") = value
        End Set
    End Property

    <UserScopedSettingAttribute(), DefaultSettingValueAttribute("225, 200")> _
    Public Property FormSize() As Size
        Get
            Return CType(Me("FormSize"), Size)
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As Size)
            Me("FormSize") = value
        End Set
    End Property

    <UserScopedSettingAttribute(), DefaultSettingValueAttribute("LightGray")> _
    Public Property FormBackColor() As Color
        Get
            Return CType(Me("FormBackColor"), Color)
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As Color)
            Me("FormBackColor") = value
        End Set
    End Property
End Class

注解

ApplicationSettingsBase 将以下功能添加到 SettingsBase 类，该类由基于 Web 的应用程序使用：

• 检测派生的设置包装器类的属性的功能。 ApplicationSettingsBase 支持用于包装类属性的声明性模型，如后文所述。

• 更高级别的 Save 和 Reload 方法。

• 可以处理的其他验证事件，以确保各个设置的正确性。

在应用程序设置体系结构中，若要访问一组设置属性，需要从 ApplicationSettingsBase派生一个具体的包装类。 包装类通过以下方式进行自定义 ApplicationSettingsBase ：

• 对于要访问的每个设置属性，会将相应的强类型公共属性添加到包装类。 此属性具有 get 用于读/写应用程序设置的 和 set 访问器，但只有 get 用于只读设置的访问器。

• 必须向包装类的公共属性应用适当的属性，以指示设置属性的特征，例如设置的范围 (应用程序或用户) 、设置是否应支持漫游、设置的默认值、要使用的设置提供程序等。 每个属性都需要使用 ApplicationScopedSettingAttribute 或 UserScopedSettingAttribute指定其范围。 如果使用默认值 LocalFileSettingsProvider ，则应用程序范围的设置是只读的。

类 ApplicationSettingsBase 使用反射在运行时检测这些属性。 大部分此信息会传递到设置提供程序层，该层负责存储、持久性格式等。

当应用程序具有多个设置包装类时，每个类定义一个 设置组。 每个组具有以下特征：

• 组可以包含任意数量或类型的属性设置。

• 如果使用 修饰包装类 SettingsGroupNameAttribute未显式设置组名称，则自动生成名称。

默认情况下，所有基于客户端的应用程序都使用 LocalFileSettingsProvider 提供存储。 如果需要备用设置提供程序，则必须使用相应的 SettingsProviderAttribute修饰包装类或属性。

有关使用应用程序设置的详细信息，请参阅Windows 窗体的应用程序设置。

构造函数

ApplicationSettingsBase()	将 ApplicationSettingsBase 类的实例初始化为其默认状态。
ApplicationSettingsBase(IComponent)	使用提供的所有者组件初始化 ApplicationSettingsBase 类的实例。
ApplicationSettingsBase(IComponent, String)	使用提供的所有者组件和设置键初始化 ApplicationSettingsBase 类的实例。
ApplicationSettingsBase(String)	使用提供的设置键初始化 ApplicationSettingsBase 类的实例。

属性

Context	获取与设置组关联的应用程序设置上下文。
IsSynchronized	获取一个值，该值指示访问对象是否同步（线程安全）。 (继承自 SettingsBase)
Item[String]	获取或设置指定的应用程序设置属性的值。
Properties	获取包装中的设置属性的集合。
PropertyValues	获取属性值的集合。
Providers	获取包装所使用的应用程序设置提供程序的集合。
SettingsKey	获取或设置应用程序设置组的设置键。

方法

Equals(Object)	确定指定对象是否等于当前对象。 (继承自 Object)
GetHashCode()	作为默认哈希函数。 (继承自 Object)
GetPreviousVersion(String)	返回同一应用程序的早期版本的命名设置属性的值。
GetType()	获取当前实例的 Type。 (继承自 Object)
Initialize(SettingsContext, SettingsPropertyCollection, SettingsProviderCollection)	初始化 SettingsBase 对象使用的内部属性。 (继承自 SettingsBase)
MemberwiseClone()	创建当前 Object 的浅表副本。 (继承自 Object)
OnPropertyChanged(Object, PropertyChangedEventArgs)	引发 PropertyChanged 事件。
OnSettingChanging(Object, SettingChangingEventArgs)	引发 SettingChanging 事件。
OnSettingsLoaded(Object, SettingsLoadedEventArgs)	引发 SettingsLoaded 事件。
OnSettingsSaving(Object, CancelEventArgs)	引发 SettingsSaving 事件。
Reload()	从永久存储刷新应用程序设置属性值。
Reset()	将保持的应用程序设置值还原为其对应的默认属性。
Save()	存储应用程序设置属性的当前值。
ToString()	返回表示当前对象的字符串。 (继承自 Object)
Upgrade()	更新应用程序设置，以反映最近安装的应用程序。

事件

PropertyChanged	发生在更改应用程序设置属性的值之后。
SettingChanging	发生在更改应用程序设置属性的值之前。
SettingsLoaded	在从存储区中检索应用程序设置之后发生。
SettingsSaving	发生在将值保存到数据存储区中之前。

另请参阅

• LocalFileSettingsProvider
• ApplicationScopedSettingAttribute
• UserScopedSettingAttribute
• SettingsGroupNameAttribute
• SettingsProviderAttribute
• Windows 窗体的应用程序设置