DynamicObject.TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder, Object) 方法

定义

命名空间:

System.Dynamic

程序集:

System.Linq.Expressions.dll

Source:

DynamicObject.cs

为设置成员值的操作提供实现。 从 DynamicObject 类派生的类可以重写此方法，以便为诸如设置属性值这样的操作指定动态行为。

public:
 virtual bool TrySetMember(System::Dynamic::SetMemberBinder ^ binder, System::Object ^ value);

public virtual bool TrySetMember (System.Dynamic.SetMemberBinder binder, object? value);

abstract member TrySetMember : System.Dynamic.SetMemberBinder * obj -> bool
override this.TrySetMember : System.Dynamic.SetMemberBinder * obj -> bool

Public Overridable Function TrySetMember (binder As SetMemberBinder, value As Object) As Boolean

参数

binder

SetMemberBinder

提供有关调用了动态操作的对象的信息。 属性 binder.Name 提供要向其分配值的成员的名称。 例如，对于 语句 sampleObject.SampleProperty = "Test"，其中 sampleObject 是派生自 DynamicObject 类的类的实例， binder.Name 返回“SampleProperty”。 属性 binder.IgnoreCase 指定成员名称是否区分大小写。

value

Object

要为成员设置的值。 例如，对于 sampleObject.SampleProperty = "Test"，其中 sampleObject 是派生自 类的类的 DynamicObject 实例，为 value “Test”。

返回

Boolean

如果操作成功，则为 true；否则为 false。 如果此方法返回 false，则该语言的运行时联编程序将决定行为。 （大多数情况下，将引发语言特定的运行时异常。）

示例

假设你想要提供替代语法来访问字典中的值，这样就可以编写 (，而不是sampleDictionary["Text"] = "Sample text"在 Visual Basic) 中编写 sampleDictionary.Text = "Sample text"。sampleDictionary("Text") = "Sample text" 此外，此语法必须不区分大小写，以便等效 sampleDictionary.Text 于 sampleDictionary.text。

下面的代码示例演示 DynamicDictionary 派生自 类的 DynamicObject 类。 类DynamicDictionary包含 Visual Basic) 中 (Dictionary(Of String, Object) 类型的 对象Dictionary<string, object>，用于存储键值对，并重写 TrySetMember 和 TryGetMember 方法以支持新语法。 它还提供一个 Count 属性，该属性显示字典包含的动态属性数。

// The class derived from DynamicObject.
public class DynamicDictionary : DynamicObject
{
    // The inner dictionary.
    Dictionary<string, object> dictionary
        = new Dictionary<string, object>();

    // This property returns the number of elements
    // in the inner dictionary.
    public int Count
    {
        get
        {
            return dictionary.Count;
        }
    }

    // If you try to get a value of a property
    // not defined in the class, this method is called.
    public override bool TryGetMember(
        GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
    {
        // Converting the property name to lowercase
        // so that property names become case-insensitive.
        string name = binder.Name.ToLower();

        // If the property name is found in a dictionary,
        // set the result parameter to the property value and return true.
        // Otherwise, return false.
        return dictionary.TryGetValue(name, out result);
    }

    // If you try to set a value of a property that is
    // not defined in the class, this method is called.
    public override bool TrySetMember(
        SetMemberBinder binder, object value)
    {
        // Converting the property name to lowercase
        // so that property names become case-insensitive.
        dictionary[binder.Name.ToLower()] = value;

        // You can always add a value to a dictionary,
        // so this method always returns true.
        return true;
    }
}

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Creating a dynamic dictionary.
        dynamic person = new DynamicDictionary();

        // Adding new dynamic properties.
        // The TrySetMember method is called.
        person.FirstName = "Ellen";
        person.LastName = "Adams";

        // Getting values of the dynamic properties.
        // The TryGetMember method is called.
        // Note that property names are case-insensitive.
        Console.WriteLine(person.firstname + " " + person.lastname);

        // Getting the value of the Count property.
        // The TryGetMember is not called,
        // because the property is defined in the class.
        Console.WriteLine(
            "Number of dynamic properties:" + person.Count);

        // The following statement throws an exception at run time.
        // There is no "address" property,
        // so the TryGetMember method returns false and this causes a
        // RuntimeBinderException.
        // Console.WriteLine(person.address);
    }
}

// This example has the following output:
// Ellen Adams
// Number of dynamic properties: 2

' The class derived from DynamicObject.
Public Class DynamicDictionary
    Inherits DynamicObject

    ' The inner dictionary.
    Dim dictionary As New Dictionary(Of String, Object)

    ' This property returns the number of elements
    ' in the inner dictionary.
    ReadOnly Property Count As Integer
        Get
            Return dictionary.Count
        End Get
    End Property


    ' If you try to get a value of a property that is
    ' not defined in the class, this method is called.

    Public Overrides Function TryGetMember(
        ByVal binder As System.Dynamic.GetMemberBinder,
        ByRef result As Object) As Boolean

        ' Converting the property name to lowercase
        ' so that property names become case-insensitive.
        Dim name As String = binder.Name.ToLower()

        ' If the property name is found in a dictionary,
        ' set the result parameter to the property value and return true.
        ' Otherwise, return false.
        Return dictionary.TryGetValue(name, result)
    End Function

    Public Overrides Function TrySetMember(
        ByVal binder As System.Dynamic.SetMemberBinder,
        ByVal value As Object) As Boolean

        ' Converting the property name to lowercase
        ' so that property names become case-insensitive.
        dictionary(binder.Name.ToLower()) = value

        ' You can always add a value to a dictionary,
        ' so this method always returns true.
        Return True
    End Function
End Class

Sub Main()
    ' Creating a dynamic dictionary.
    Dim person As Object = New DynamicDictionary()

    ' Adding new dynamic properties.
    ' The TrySetMember method is called.
    person.FirstName = "Ellen"
    person.LastName = "Adams"

    ' Getting values of the dynamic properties.
    ' The TryGetMember method is called.
    ' Note that property names are now case-insensitive,
    ' although they are case-sensitive in C#.
    Console.WriteLine(person.firstname & " " & person.lastname)

    ' Getting the value of the Count property.
    ' The TryGetMember is not called, 
    ' because the property is defined in the class.
    Console.WriteLine("Number of dynamic properties:" & person.Count)

    ' The following statement throws an exception at run time.
    ' There is no "address" property,
    ' so the TryGetMember method returns false and this causes
    ' a MissingMemberException.
    ' Console.WriteLine(person.address)
End Sub
' This examples has the following output:
' Ellen Adams
' Number of dynamic properties: 2

注解

派生自 类的 DynamicObject 类可以重写此方法，以指定应如何对动态对象执行将值设置为成员的操作。 当方法未重写时，语言的运行时绑定器将确定行为。 （大多数情况下，将引发语言特定的运行时异常。）

如果具有 等 sampleObject.SampleProperty = "Test"语句，则调用此方法，其中 sampleObject 是派生自 类的类的 DynamicObject 实例。

还可以将自己的成员添加到派生自 类的类。DynamicObject 如果类定义属性并重写 TrySetMember 方法，则动态语言运行时 (DLR) 首先使用语言绑定器来查找类中属性的静态定义。 如果没有此类属性，DLR 将调用 TrySetMember 方法。