RSACryptoServiceProvider 类
定义
重要
一些信息与预发行产品相关，相应产品在发行之前可能会进行重大修改。 对于此处提供的信息，Microsoft 不作任何明示或暗示的担保。
使用加密服务提供程序 (CSP) 提供的 RSA 算法的实现执行非对称加密和解密。 此类不能被继承。
public ref class RSACryptoServiceProvider sealed : System::Security::Cryptography::RSA, System::Security::Cryptography::ICspAsymmetricAlgorithmpublic ref class RSACryptoServiceProvider sealed : System::Security::Cryptography::RSApublic sealed class RSACryptoServiceProvider : System.Security.Cryptography.RSA, System.Security.Cryptography.ICspAsymmetricAlgorithmpublic sealed class RSACryptoServiceProvider : System.Security.Cryptography.RSA[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public sealed class RSACryptoServiceProvider : System.Security.Cryptography.RSA, System.Security.Cryptography.ICspAsymmetricAlgorithmtype RSACryptoServiceProvider = class
inherit RSA
interface ICspAsymmetricAlgorithmtype RSACryptoServiceProvider = class
inherit RSA[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type RSACryptoServiceProvider = class
inherit RSA
interface ICspAsymmetricAlgorithmPublic NotInheritable Class RSACryptoServiceProvider
Inherits RSA
Implements ICspAsymmetricAlgorithmPublic NotInheritable Class RSACryptoServiceProvider
Inherits RSA- 继承
- 属性
- 实现
示例
下面的代码示例使用 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类将字符串加密为字节数组，然后将字节解密回字符串。
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Security::Cryptography;
using namespace System::Text;
array<Byte>^ RSAEncrypt( array<Byte>^DataToEncrypt, RSAParameters RSAKeyInfo, bool DoOAEPPadding )
{
try
{
//Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider.
RSACryptoServiceProvider^ RSA = gcnew RSACryptoServiceProvider;
//Import the RSA Key information. This only needs
//toinclude the public key information.
RSA->ImportParameters( RSAKeyInfo );
//Encrypt the passed byte array and specify OAEP padding.
//OAEP padding is only available on Microsoft Windows XP or
//later.
array<Byte>^encryptedData = RSA->Encrypt( DataToEncrypt, DoOAEPPadding );
delete RSA;
return encryptedData;
}
//Catch and display a CryptographicException
//to the console.
catch ( CryptographicException^ e )
{
Console::WriteLine( e->Message );
return nullptr;
}
}
array<Byte>^ RSADecrypt( array<Byte>^DataToDecrypt, RSAParameters RSAKeyInfo, bool DoOAEPPadding )
{
try
{
//Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider.
RSACryptoServiceProvider^ RSA = gcnew RSACryptoServiceProvider;
//Import the RSA Key information. This needs
//to include the private key information.
RSA->ImportParameters( RSAKeyInfo );
//Decrypt the passed byte array and specify OAEP padding.
//OAEP padding is only available on Microsoft Windows XP or
//later.
array<Byte>^decryptedData = RSA->Decrypt( DataToDecrypt, DoOAEPPadding );
delete RSA;
return decryptedData;
}
//Catch and display a CryptographicException
//to the console.
catch ( CryptographicException^ e )
{
Console::WriteLine( e );
return nullptr;
}
}
int main()
{
try
{
//Create a UnicodeEncoder to convert between byte array and string.
UnicodeEncoding^ ByteConverter = gcnew UnicodeEncoding;
//Create byte arrays to hold original, encrypted, and decrypted data.
array<Byte>^dataToEncrypt = ByteConverter->GetBytes( "Data to Encrypt" );
array<Byte>^encryptedData;
array<Byte>^decryptedData;
//Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider to generate
//public and private key data.
RSACryptoServiceProvider^ RSA = gcnew RSACryptoServiceProvider;
//Pass the data to ENCRYPT, the public key information
//(using RSACryptoServiceProvider.ExportParameters(false),
//and a boolean flag specifying no OAEP padding.
encryptedData = RSAEncrypt( dataToEncrypt, RSA->ExportParameters( false ), false );
//Pass the data to DECRYPT, the private key information
//(using RSACryptoServiceProvider.ExportParameters(true),
//and a boolean flag specifying no OAEP padding.
decryptedData = RSADecrypt( encryptedData, RSA->ExportParameters( true ), false );
//Display the decrypted plaintext to the console.
Console::WriteLine( "Decrypted plaintext: {0}", ByteConverter->GetString( decryptedData ) );
delete RSA;
}
catch ( ArgumentNullException^ )
{
//Catch this exception in case the encryption did
//not succeed.
Console::WriteLine( "Encryption failed." );
}
}
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
class RSACSPSample
{
static void Main()
{
try
{
//Create a UnicodeEncoder to convert between byte array and string.
UnicodeEncoding ByteConverter = new UnicodeEncoding();
//Create byte arrays to hold original, encrypted, and decrypted data.
byte[] dataToEncrypt = ByteConverter.GetBytes("Data to Encrypt");
byte[] encryptedData;
byte[] decryptedData;
//Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider to generate
//public and private key data.
using (RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())
{
//Pass the data to ENCRYPT, the public key information
//(using RSACryptoServiceProvider.ExportParameters(false),
//and a boolean flag specifying no OAEP padding.
encryptedData = RSAEncrypt(dataToEncrypt, RSA.ExportParameters(false), false);
//Pass the data to DECRYPT, the private key information
//(using RSACryptoServiceProvider.ExportParameters(true),
//and a boolean flag specifying no OAEP padding.
decryptedData = RSADecrypt(encryptedData, RSA.ExportParameters(true), false);
//Display the decrypted plaintext to the console.
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted plaintext: {0}", ByteConverter.GetString(decryptedData));
}
}
catch (ArgumentNullException)
{
//Catch this exception in case the encryption did
//not succeed.
Console.WriteLine("Encryption failed.");
}
}
public static byte[] RSAEncrypt(byte[] DataToEncrypt, RSAParameters RSAKeyInfo, bool DoOAEPPadding)
{
try
{
byte[] encryptedData;
//Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider.
using (RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())
{
//Import the RSA Key information. This only needs
//toinclude the public key information.
RSA.ImportParameters(RSAKeyInfo);
//Encrypt the passed byte array and specify OAEP padding.
//OAEP padding is only available on Microsoft Windows XP or
//later.
encryptedData = RSA.Encrypt(DataToEncrypt, DoOAEPPadding);
}
return encryptedData;
}
//Catch and display a CryptographicException
//to the console.
catch (CryptographicException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
return null;
}
}
public static byte[] RSADecrypt(byte[] DataToDecrypt, RSAParameters RSAKeyInfo, bool DoOAEPPadding)
{
try
{
byte[] decryptedData;
//Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider.
using (RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())
{
//Import the RSA Key information. This needs
//to include the private key information.
RSA.ImportParameters(RSAKeyInfo);
//Decrypt the passed byte array and specify OAEP padding.
//OAEP padding is only available on Microsoft Windows XP or
//later.
decryptedData = RSA.Decrypt(DataToDecrypt, DoOAEPPadding);
}
return decryptedData;
}
//Catch and display a CryptographicException
//to the console.
catch (CryptographicException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
return null;
}
}
}
Imports System.Security.Cryptography
Imports System.Text
_
Class RSACSPSample
Shared Sub Main()
Try
'Create a UnicodeEncoder to convert between byte array and string.
Dim ByteConverter As New UnicodeEncoding()
'Create byte arrays to hold original, encrypted, and decrypted data.
Dim dataToEncrypt As Byte() = ByteConverter.GetBytes("Data to Encrypt")
Dim encryptedData() As Byte
Dim decryptedData() As Byte
'Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider to generate
'public and private key data.
Using RSA As New RSACryptoServiceProvider
'Pass the data to ENCRYPT, the public key information
'(using RSACryptoServiceProvider.ExportParameters(false),
'and a boolean flag specifying no OAEP padding.
encryptedData = RSAEncrypt(dataToEncrypt, RSA.ExportParameters(False), False)
'Pass the data to DECRYPT, the private key information
'(using RSACryptoServiceProvider.ExportParameters(true),
'and a boolean flag specifying no OAEP padding.
decryptedData = RSADecrypt(encryptedData, RSA.ExportParameters(True), False)
'Display the decrypted plaintext to the console.
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted plaintext: {0}", ByteConverter.GetString(decryptedData))
End Using
Catch e As ArgumentNullException
'Catch this exception in case the encryption did
'not succeed.
Console.WriteLine("Encryption failed.")
End Try
End Sub
Public Shared Function RSAEncrypt(ByVal DataToEncrypt() As Byte, ByVal RSAKeyInfo As RSAParameters, ByVal DoOAEPPadding As Boolean) As Byte()
Try
Dim encryptedData() As Byte
'Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider.
Using RSA As New RSACryptoServiceProvider
'Import the RSA Key information. This only needs
'toinclude the public key information.
RSA.ImportParameters(RSAKeyInfo)
'Encrypt the passed byte array and specify OAEP padding.
'OAEP padding is only available on Microsoft Windows XP or
'later.
encryptedData = RSA.Encrypt(DataToEncrypt, DoOAEPPadding)
End Using
Return encryptedData
'Catch and display a CryptographicException
'to the console.
Catch e As CryptographicException
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
Return Nothing
End Try
End Function
Public Shared Function RSADecrypt(ByVal DataToDecrypt() As Byte, ByVal RSAKeyInfo As RSAParameters, ByVal DoOAEPPadding As Boolean) As Byte()
Try
Dim decryptedData() As Byte
'Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider.
Using RSA As New RSACryptoServiceProvider
'Import the RSA Key information. This needs
'to include the private key information.
RSA.ImportParameters(RSAKeyInfo)
'Decrypt the passed byte array and specify OAEP padding.
'OAEP padding is only available on Microsoft Windows XP or
'later.
decryptedData = RSA.Decrypt(DataToDecrypt, DoOAEPPadding)
'Catch and display a CryptographicException
'to the console.
End Using
Return decryptedData
Catch e As CryptographicException
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString())
Return Nothing
End Try
End Function
End Class
下面的代码示例将使用 RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象创建的密钥信息导出到 RSAParameters 对象中。
try
{
//Create a new RSACryptoServiceProvider Object*.
RSACryptoServiceProvider^ RSA = gcnew RSACryptoServiceProvider;
//Export the key information to an RSAParameters object.
//Pass false to export the public key information or pass
//true to export public and private key information.
RSAParameters RSAParams = RSA->ExportParameters( false );
}
catch ( CryptographicException^ e )
{
//Catch this exception in case the encryption did
//not succeed.
Console::WriteLine( e->Message );
}
try
{
//Create a new RSACryptoServiceProvider object.
using (RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())
{
//Export the key information to an RSAParameters object.
//Pass false to export the public key information or pass
//true to export public and private key information.
RSAParameters RSAParams = RSA.ExportParameters(false);
}
}
catch (CryptographicException e)
{
//Catch this exception in case the encryption did
//not succeed.
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
Try
'Create a new RSACryptoServiceProvider object.
Dim RSA As New RSACryptoServiceProvider()
'Export the key information to an RSAParameters object.
'Pass false to export the public key information or pass
'true to export public and private key information.
Dim RSAParams As RSAParameters = RSA.ExportParameters(False)
Catch e As CryptographicException
'Catch this exception in case the encryption did
'not succeed.
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
End Try
注解
这是默认实现 。RSA
如果安装了 Microsoft 增强加密提供程序，则 RSACryptoServiceProvider 支持从 384 位到 16384 位的密钥大小（增量为 8 位）。 如果安装了 Microsoft 基础加密提供程序，它支持从 384 位到 512 位的密钥大小（增量为 8 位）。
有效密钥大小取决于实例使用的 RSACryptoServiceProvider 加密服务提供程序 (CSP) 。 对于Windows 8.1之前的 Windows 版本，Windows CSP 的密钥大小为 384 到 16384 位，Windows 8.1的密钥大小为 512 到 16384 位。 有关详细信息，请参阅 Windows 文档中的 CryptGenKey 函数。
与 Microsoft 加密 API (CAPI) 互操作
与非托管 CAPI 中的 RSA 实现不同，类 RSACryptoServiceProvider 在加密后和解密之前反转加密字节数组的顺序。 默认情况下，类加密 RSACryptoServiceProvider 的数据不能由 CAPI CryptDecrypt 函数解密，CAPI CryptEncrypt 方法加密的数据不能由 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类解密。
如果在 API 之间互操作时不补偿反向顺序，则 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类会引发一个 CryptographicException。
若要与 CAPI 互操作，必须在加密数据与其他 API 互操作之前手动反转加密字节的顺序。 可以通过调用 Array.Reverse 方法轻松反转托管字节数组的顺序。
构造函数
| RSACryptoServiceProvider() |
使用随机的密钥对初始化 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类的新实例。 |
| RSACryptoServiceProvider(CspParameters) |
使用指定的参数初始化 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类的新实例。 |
| RSACryptoServiceProvider(Int32) |
使用指定密钥大小的随机密钥对来初始化 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类的新实例。 |
| RSACryptoServiceProvider(Int32, CspParameters) |
使用指定的密钥大小和参数初始化 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类的新实例。 |
字段
| KeySizeValue |
表示非对称算法所用密钥模块的大小（以位为单位）。 (继承自 AsymmetricAlgorithm) |
| LegalKeySizesValue |
指定非对称算法支持的密钥大小。 (继承自 AsymmetricAlgorithm) |
属性
| CspKeyContainerInfo |
获取描述有关加密密钥对的附加信息的 CspKeyContainerInfo 对象。 |
| KeyExchangeAlgorithm |
获取可用于 RSA 的此实现的密钥交换算法的名称。 |
| KeyExchangeAlgorithm |
获取可用于 RSA 的此实现的密钥交换算法的名称。 (继承自 RSA) |
| KeySize |
获取当前密钥的大小。 |
| LegalKeySizes |
获取非对称算法支持的密钥大小。 |
| LegalKeySizes |
获取非对称算法支持的密钥大小。 (继承自 AsymmetricAlgorithm) |
| PersistKeyInCsp |
获取或设置一个值，该值指示是否应在加密服务提供程序 (CSP) 中保留此密钥。 |
| PublicOnly |
获取一个值，该值指示 RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象是否仅包含公钥。 |
| SignatureAlgorithm |
获取可用于此 RSA 的实现的签名算法的名称。 |
| SignatureAlgorithm |
获取可用于此 RSA 的实现的签名算法的名称。 (继承自 RSA) |
| UseMachineKeyStore |
获取或设置一个值，该值指示是否应在计算机的密钥存储而不是用户配置文件存储中保留密钥。 |
方法
显式接口实现
| IDisposable.Dispose() |
此 API 支持产品基础结构，不能在代码中直接使用。 有关此成员的说明，请参见 Dispose()。 (继承自 AsymmetricAlgorithm) |