Monitor.TryEnter 方法
定义
重要
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尝试获取指定对象的排他锁。
重载
| TryEnter(Object, TimeSpan, Boolean) |
在指定的一段时间内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁，并自动设置一个值，指示是否获得了该锁。 |
| TryEnter(Object, Int32, Boolean) |
在指定的毫秒数内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁，并自动设置一个值，指示是否获取了该锁。 |
| TryEnter(Object, TimeSpan) |
在指定的时间内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁。 |
| TryEnter(Object, Boolean) |
尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁，并自动设置一个值，指示是否获取了该锁。 |
| TryEnter(Object) |
尝试获取指定对象的排他锁。 |
| TryEnter(Object, Int32) |
在指定的毫秒数内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁。 |
TryEnter(Object, TimeSpan, Boolean)
- Source:
- Monitor.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.cs
在指定的一段时间内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁，并自动设置一个值，指示是否获得了该锁。
public:
static void TryEnter(System::Object ^ obj, TimeSpan timeout, bool % lockTaken);public static void TryEnter (object obj, TimeSpan timeout, ref bool lockTaken);static member TryEnter : obj * TimeSpan * bool -> unitPublic Shared Sub TryEnter (obj As Object, timeout As TimeSpan, ByRef lockTaken As Boolean)参数
- obj
- Object
在其上获取锁的对象。
- timeout
- TimeSpan
用于等待锁的时间。 值为 -1 毫秒表示指定无限期等待。
- lockTaken
- Boolean
尝试获取锁的结果，通过引用传递。 输入必须为 false。 如果已获取锁，则输出为 true；否则输出为 false。 即使在尝试获取锁的过程中发生异常，也会设置输出。
例外
lockTaken 的输入为 true。
obj 参数为 null。
以毫秒为单位的 timeout 值为负，不等于 Infinite) (-1 毫秒，或大于 Int32.MaxValue。
注解
如果转换为毫秒的参数 timeout 的值等于 -1，则此方法等效于 Enter(Object)。 如果 的值 timeout 等于 0，则此方法等效于 TryEnter(Object)。
如果由于引发异常而未执行锁定，则为 lockTaken 参数指定的变量将在 false 此方法结束之后。 这允许程序在所有情况下确定是否需要释放锁。
若要确保线程不进入关键部分，应检查 的值 lockTaken ，并仅在关键节的值为 true时执行代码。 以下代码片段显示了用于调用此方法的模式。 请注意，应在块中finally调用Exit，以确保调用线程在发生异常时释放关键节上的锁。
var lockObj = new Object();
var timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
bool lockTaken = false;
try {
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout, ref lockTaken);
if (lockTaken) {
// The critical section.
}
else {
// The lock was not acquired.
}
}
finally {
// Ensure that the lock is released.
if (lockTaken) {
Monitor.Exit(lockObj);
}
}
Dim lockObj As New Object()
Dim timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500)
Dim lockTaken As Boolean = False
Try
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout, lockTaken)
If lockTaken Then
' The critical section.
Else
' The lock was not acquired.
End If
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
If lockTaken Then Monitor.Exit(lockObj)
End Try
另请参阅
适用于
TryEnter(Object, Int32, Boolean)
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
在指定的毫秒数内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁，并自动设置一个值，指示是否获取了该锁。
public:
static void TryEnter(System::Object ^ obj, int millisecondsTimeout, bool % lockTaken);public static void TryEnter (object obj, int millisecondsTimeout, ref bool lockTaken);static member TryEnter : obj * int * bool -> unitPublic Shared Sub TryEnter (obj As Object, millisecondsTimeout As Integer, ByRef lockTaken As Boolean)参数
- obj
- Object
在其上获取锁的对象。
- millisecondsTimeout
- Int32
等待锁所需的毫秒数。
- lockTaken
- Boolean
尝试获取锁的结果，通过引用传递。 输入必须为 false。 如果已获取锁，则输出为 true；否则输出为 false。 即使在尝试获取锁的过程中发生异常，也会设置输出。
例外
lockTaken 的输入为 true。
obj 参数为 null。
millisecondsTimeout 是负数且不等于 Infinite。
示例
以下代码演示了使用 TryEnter(Object, Boolean) 方法重载的基本模式。 此重载始终设置传递给 ref Visual Basic) 中参数 (ByReflockTaken的变量的值，即使该方法引发异常，因此变量的值是测试是否必须释放锁的可靠方法。
bool acquiredLock = false;
try
{
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObject, 500, ref acquiredLock);
if (acquiredLock)
{
// Code that accesses resources that are protected by the lock.
}
else
{
// Code to deal with the fact that the lock was not acquired.
}
}
finally
{
if (acquiredLock)
{
Monitor.Exit(lockObject);
}
}
Dim acquiredLock As Boolean = False
Try
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObject, 500, acquiredLock)
If acquiredLock Then
' Code that accesses resources that are protected by the lock.
Else
' Code to deal with the fact that the lock was not acquired.
End If
Finally
If acquiredLock Then
Monitor.Exit(lockObject)
End If
End Try
注解
millisecondsTimeout如果 参数等于 Infinite，则此方法等效于 Enter(Object)。 如果 millisecondsTimeout 等于 0，则此方法等效于 TryEnter(Object)。
如果由于引发异常而未执行锁定，则为 lockTaken 参数指定的变量将在 false 此方法结束之后。 这允许程序在所有情况下确定是否需要释放锁。
若要确保线程不进入关键部分，应检查 的值 lockTaken ，并仅在关键节的值为 true时执行代码。 以下代码片段显示了用于调用此方法的模式。 请注意，应在块中finally调用Exit，以确保调用线程在发生异常时释放关键节上的锁。
var lockObj = new Object();
int timeout = 500;
bool lockTaken = false;
try {
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout, ref lockTaken);
if (lockTaken) {
// The critical section.
}
else {
// The lock was not acquired.
}
}
finally {
// Ensure that the lock is released.
if (lockTaken) {
Monitor.Exit(lockObj);
}
}
Dim lockObj As New Object()
Dim timeout As Integer = 500
Dim lockTaken As Boolean = False
Try
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout, lockTaken)
If lockTaken Then
' The critical section.
Else
' The lock was not acquired.
End If
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
If lockTaken Then Monitor.Exit(lockObj)
End Try
适用于
TryEnter(Object, TimeSpan)
- Source:
- Monitor.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.cs
在指定的时间内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁。
public:
static bool TryEnter(System::Object ^ obj, TimeSpan timeout);public static bool TryEnter (object obj, TimeSpan timeout);static member TryEnter : obj * TimeSpan -> boolPublic Shared Function TryEnter (obj As Object, timeout As TimeSpan) As Boolean参数
- obj
- Object
在其上获取锁的对象。
返回
如果当前线程获取该锁，则为 true；否则为 false。
例外
obj 参数为 null。
以毫秒为单位的 timeout 值为负，不等于 Infinite) (-1 毫秒，或大于 Int32.MaxValue。
注解
如果转换为毫秒的参数 timeout 的值等于 -1，则此方法等效于 Enter。 如果 的值 timeout 等于 0，则此方法等效于 TryEnter。
若要确保线程不进入关键部分，应检查方法的返回值，仅当其返回值为 true时，才在关键节中执行代码。 以下代码片段显示了用于调用此方法的模式。 请注意，应在块中finally调用Exit，以确保调用线程在发生异常时释放关键节上的锁。
var lockObj = new Object();
var timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
if (Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout)) {
try {
// The critical section.
}
finally {
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(lockObj);
}
}
else {
// The lock was not acquired.
}
Dim lockObj As New Object()
Dim timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500)
If Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout) Then
Try
' The critical section.
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(lockObj)
End Try
Else
' The lock was not acquired.
End If
另请参阅
适用于
TryEnter(Object, Boolean)
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁，并自动设置一个值，指示是否获取了该锁。
public:
static void TryEnter(System::Object ^ obj, bool % lockTaken);public static void TryEnter (object obj, ref bool lockTaken);static member TryEnter : obj * bool -> unitPublic Shared Sub TryEnter (obj As Object, ByRef lockTaken As Boolean)参数
- obj
- Object
在其上获取锁的对象。
- lockTaken
- Boolean
尝试获取锁的结果，通过引用传递。 输入必须为 false。 如果已获取锁，则输出为 true；否则输出为 false。 即使在尝试获取锁的过程中发生异常，也会设置输出。
例外
lockTaken 的输入为 true。
obj 参数为 null。
示例
以下代码演示了使用 TryEnter(Object, Boolean) 方法重载的基本模式。 此重载始终设置传递给 ref Visual Basic) 中参数 (ByReflockTaken的变量的值，即使该方法引发异常，因此变量的值是测试是否必须释放锁的可靠方法。
bool acquiredLock = false;
try
{
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObject, ref acquiredLock);
if (acquiredLock)
{
// Code that accesses resources that are protected by the lock.
}
else
{
// Code to deal with the fact that the lock was not acquired.
}
}
finally
{
if (acquiredLock)
{
Monitor.Exit(lockObject);
}
}
Dim acquiredLock As Boolean = False
Try
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObject, acquiredLock)
If acquiredLock Then
' Code that accesses resources that are protected by the lock.
Else
' Code to deal with the fact that the lock was not acquired.
End If
Finally
If acquiredLock Then
Monitor.Exit(lockObject)
End If
End Try
注解
如果成功，此方法将获取 参数上的 obj 独占锁。 无论锁是否可用，此方法都会立即返回。
如果由于引发异常而未执行锁定，则为 lockTaken 参数指定的变量将在 false 此方法结束之后。 这允许程序在所有情况下确定是否需要释放锁。
此方法类似于 Enter(Object, Boolean)，但它永远不会阻止当前线程。 如果线程无法在不阻止的情况下进入，则当方法返回时， lockTaken 参数设置为 false 。
若要确保线程不进入关键部分，应检查 的值 lockTaken ，并仅在关键节的值为 true时执行代码。 以下代码片段显示了用于调用此方法的模式。 请注意，应在块中finally调用Exit，以确保调用线程在发生异常时释放关键节上的锁。
var lockObj = new Object();
bool lockTaken = false;
try {
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, ref lockTaken);
if (lockTaken) {
// The critical section.
}
else {
// The lock was not acquired.
}
}
finally {
// Ensure that the lock is released.
if (lockTaken) {
Monitor.Exit(lockObj);
}
}
Dim lockObj As New Object()
Dim lockTaken As Boolean = False
Try
Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, lockTaken)
If lockTaken Then
' The critical section.
Else
' The lock was not acquired.
End If
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
If lockTaken Then Monitor.Exit(lockObj)
End Try
适用于
TryEnter(Object)
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
尝试获取指定对象的排他锁。
public:
static bool TryEnter(System::Object ^ obj);public static bool TryEnter (object obj);static member TryEnter : obj -> boolPublic Shared Function TryEnter (obj As Object) As Boolean参数
- obj
- Object
在其上获取锁的对象。
返回
如果当前线程获取该锁，则为 true；否则为 false。
例外
obj 参数为 null。
示例
下面的代码示例演示如何使用 TryEnter 方法。
#using <System.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Threading;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;
using namespace System::Text;
generic <typename T> public ref class SafeQueue
{
private:
// A queue that is protected by Monitor.
Queue<T>^ m_inputQueue;
public:
SafeQueue()
{
m_inputQueue = gcnew Queue<T>();
};
// Lock the queue and add an element.
void Enqueue(T qValue)
{
// Request the lock, and block until it is obtained.
Monitor::Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
// When the lock is obtained, add an element.
m_inputQueue->Enqueue(qValue);
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor::Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
};
// Try to add an element to the queue: Add the element to the queue
// only if the lock is immediately available.
bool TryEnqueue(T qValue)
{
// Request the lock.
if (Monitor::TryEnter(m_inputQueue))
{
try
{
m_inputQueue->Enqueue(qValue);
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor::Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
};
// Try to add an element to the queue: Add the element to the queue
// only if the lock becomes available during the specified time
// interval.
bool TryEnqueue(T qValue, int waitTime)
{
// Request the lock.
if (Monitor::TryEnter(m_inputQueue, waitTime))
{
try
{
m_inputQueue->Enqueue(qValue);
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor::Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
};
// Lock the queue and dequeue an element.
T Dequeue()
{
T retval;
// Request the lock, and block until it is obtained.
Monitor::Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
// When the lock is obtained, dequeue an element.
retval = m_inputQueue->Dequeue();
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor::Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return retval;
};
// Delete all elements that equal the given object.
int Remove(T qValue)
{
int removedCt = 0;
// Wait until the lock is available and lock the queue.
Monitor::Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
int counter = m_inputQueue->Count;
while (counter > 0)
// Check each element.
{
T elem = m_inputQueue->Dequeue();
if (!elem->Equals(qValue))
{
m_inputQueue->Enqueue(elem);
}
else
{
// Keep a count of items removed.
removedCt += 1;
}
counter = counter - 1;
}
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor::Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return removedCt;
};
// Print all queue elements.
String^ PrintAllElements()
{
StringBuilder^ output = gcnew StringBuilder();
// Lock the queue.
Monitor::Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
for each ( T elem in m_inputQueue )
{
// Print the next element.
output->AppendLine(elem->ToString());
}
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor::Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return output->ToString();
};
};
public ref class Example
{
private:
static SafeQueue<int>^ q = gcnew SafeQueue<int>();
static int threadsRunning = 0;
static array<array<int>^>^ results = gcnew array<array<int>^>(3);
static void ThreadProc(Object^ state)
{
DateTime finish = DateTime::Now.AddSeconds(10);
Random^ rand = gcnew Random();
array<int>^ result = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
int threadNum = (int) state;
while (DateTime::Now < finish)
{
int what = rand->Next(250);
int how = rand->Next(100);
if (how < 16)
{
q->Enqueue(what);
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::EnqueueCt] += 1;
}
else if (how < 32)
{
if (q->TryEnqueue(what))
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::TryEnqueueSucceedCt] += 1;
}
else
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::TryEnqueueFailCt] += 1;
}
}
else if (how < 48)
{
// Even a very small wait significantly increases the success
// rate of the conditional enqueue operation.
if (q->TryEnqueue(what, 10))
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::TryEnqueueWaitSucceedCt] += 1;
}
else
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::TryEnqueueWaitFailCt] += 1;
}
}
else if (how < 96)
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::DequeueCt] += 1;
try
{
q->Dequeue();
}
catch (Exception^ ex)
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::DequeueExCt] += 1;
}
}
else
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::RemoveCt] += 1;
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex::RemovedCt] += q->Remove(what);
}
}
results[threadNum] = result;
if (0 == Interlocked::Decrement(threadsRunning))
{
StringBuilder^ sb = gcnew StringBuilder(
" Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Total\n");
for (int row = 0; row < 9; row++)
{
int total = 0;
sb->Append(titles[row]);
for(int col = 0; col < 3; col++)
{
sb->Append(String::Format("{0,9}", results[col][row]));
total += results[col][row];
}
sb->AppendLine(String::Format("{0,9}", total));
}
Console::WriteLine(sb->ToString());
}
};
static array<String^>^ titles = {
"Enqueue ",
"TryEnqueue succeeded ",
"TryEnqueue failed ",
"TryEnqueue(T, wait) succeeded ",
"TryEnqueue(T, wait) failed ",
"Dequeue attempts ",
"Dequeue exceptions ",
"Remove operations ",
"Queue elements removed "};
enum class ThreadResultIndex
{
EnqueueCt,
TryEnqueueSucceedCt,
TryEnqueueFailCt,
TryEnqueueWaitSucceedCt,
TryEnqueueWaitFailCt,
DequeueCt,
DequeueExCt,
RemoveCt,
RemovedCt
};
public:
static void Demo()
{
Console::WriteLine("Working...");
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
Thread^ t = gcnew Thread(gcnew ParameterizedThreadStart(Example::ThreadProc));
t->Start(i);
Interlocked::Increment(threadsRunning);
}
};
};
void main()
{
Example::Demo();
}
/* This example produces output similar to the following:
Working...
Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Total
Enqueue 274718 513514 337895 1126127
TryEnqueue succeeded 274502 513516 337480 1125498
TryEnqueue failed 119 235 141 495
TryEnqueue(T, wait) succeeded 274552 513116 338532 1126200
TryEnqueue(T, wait) failed 0 1 0 1
Dequeue attempts 824038 1541866 1015006 3380910
Dequeue exceptions 12828 23416 14799 51043
Remove operations 68746 128218 84306 281270
Queue elements removed 11464 22024 14470 47958
Queue elements removed 2921 4690 2982 10593
*/
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
class SafeQueue<T>
{
// A queue that is protected by Monitor.
private Queue<T> m_inputQueue = new Queue<T>();
// Lock the queue and add an element.
public void Enqueue(T qValue)
{
// Request the lock, and block until it is obtained.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
// When the lock is obtained, add an element.
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue);
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
}
// Try to add an element to the queue: Add the element to the queue
// only if the lock is immediately available.
public bool TryEnqueue(T qValue)
{
// Request the lock.
if (Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue))
{
try
{
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue);
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
// Try to add an element to the queue: Add the element to the queue
// only if the lock becomes available during the specified time
// interval.
public bool TryEnqueue(T qValue, int waitTime)
{
// Request the lock.
if (Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue, waitTime))
{
try
{
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue);
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
// Lock the queue and dequeue an element.
public T Dequeue()
{
T retval;
// Request the lock, and block until it is obtained.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
// When the lock is obtained, dequeue an element.
retval = m_inputQueue.Dequeue();
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return retval;
}
// Delete all elements that equal the given object.
public int Remove(T qValue)
{
int removedCt = 0;
// Wait until the lock is available and lock the queue.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
int counter = m_inputQueue.Count;
while (counter > 0)
// Check each element.
{
T elem = m_inputQueue.Dequeue();
if (!elem.Equals(qValue))
{
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(elem);
}
else
{
// Keep a count of items removed.
removedCt += 1;
}
counter = counter - 1;
}
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return removedCt;
}
// Print all queue elements.
public string PrintAllElements()
{
StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
// Lock the queue.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue);
try
{
foreach( T elem in m_inputQueue )
{
// Print the next element.
output.AppendLine(elem.ToString());
}
}
finally
{
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
}
return output.ToString();
}
}
public class Example
{
private static SafeQueue<int> q = new SafeQueue<int>();
private static int threadsRunning = 0;
private static int[][] results = new int[3][];
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Working...");
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
Thread t = new Thread(ThreadProc);
t.Start(i);
Interlocked.Increment(ref threadsRunning);
}
}
private static void ThreadProc(object state)
{
DateTime finish = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(10);
Random rand = new Random();
int[] result = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
int threadNum = (int) state;
while (DateTime.Now < finish)
{
int what = rand.Next(250);
int how = rand.Next(100);
if (how < 16)
{
q.Enqueue(what);
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.EnqueueCt] += 1;
}
else if (how < 32)
{
if (q.TryEnqueue(what))
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueSucceedCt] += 1;
}
else
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueFailCt] += 1;
}
}
else if (how < 48)
{
// Even a very small wait significantly increases the success
// rate of the conditional enqueue operation.
if (q.TryEnqueue(what, 10))
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueWaitSucceedCt] += 1;
}
else
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueWaitFailCt] += 1;
}
}
else if (how < 96)
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.DequeueCt] += 1;
try
{
q.Dequeue();
}
catch
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.DequeueExCt] += 1;
}
}
else
{
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.RemoveCt] += 1;
result[(int)ThreadResultIndex.RemovedCt] += q.Remove(what);
}
}
results[threadNum] = result;
if (0 == Interlocked.Decrement(ref threadsRunning))
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(
" Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Total\n");
for(int row = 0; row < 9; row++)
{
int total = 0;
sb.Append(titles[row]);
for(int col = 0; col < 3; col++)
{
sb.Append(String.Format("{0,9}", results[col][row]));
total += results[col][row];
}
sb.AppendLine(String.Format("{0,9}", total));
}
Console.WriteLine(sb.ToString());
}
}
private static string[] titles = {
"Enqueue ",
"TryEnqueue succeeded ",
"TryEnqueue failed ",
"TryEnqueue(T, wait) succeeded ",
"TryEnqueue(T, wait) failed ",
"Dequeue attempts ",
"Dequeue exceptions ",
"Remove operations ",
"Queue elements removed "};
private enum ThreadResultIndex
{
EnqueueCt,
TryEnqueueSucceedCt,
TryEnqueueFailCt,
TryEnqueueWaitSucceedCt,
TryEnqueueWaitFailCt,
DequeueCt,
DequeueExCt,
RemoveCt,
RemovedCt
};
}
/* This example produces output similar to the following:
Working...
Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Total
Enqueue 277382 515209 308464 1101055
TryEnqueue succeeded 276873 514621 308099 1099593
TryEnqueue failed 109 181 134 424
TryEnqueue(T, wait) succeeded 276913 514434 307607 1098954
TryEnqueue(T, wait) failed 2 0 0 2
Dequeue attempts 830980 1544081 924164 3299225
Dequeue exceptions 12102 21589 13539 47230
Remove operations 69550 129479 77351 276380
Queue elements removed 11957 22572 13043 47572
*/
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Text
Class SafeQueue(Of T)
' A queue that is protected by Monitor.
Private m_inputQueue As New Queue(Of T)
' Lock the queue and add an element.
Public Sub Enqueue(ByVal qValue As T)
' Request the lock, and block until it is obtained.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue)
Try
' When the lock is obtained, add an element.
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue)
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue)
End Try
End Sub
' Try to add an element to the queue: Add the element to the queue
' only if the lock is immediately available.
Public Function TryEnqueue(ByVal qValue As T) As Boolean
' Request the lock.
If Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue) Then
Try
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue)
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue)
End Try
Return True
Else
Return False
End If
End Function
' Try to add an element to the queue: Add the element to the queue
' only if the lock becomes available during the specified time
' interval.
Public Function TryEnqueue(ByVal qValue As T, ByVal waitTime As Integer) As Boolean
' Request the lock.
If Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue, waitTime) Then
Try
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue)
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue)
End Try
Return True
Else
Return False
End If
End Function
' Lock the queue and dequeue an element.
Public Function Dequeue() As T
Dim retval As T
' Request the lock, and block until it is obtained.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue)
Try
' When the lock is obtained, dequeue an element.
retval = m_inputQueue.Dequeue()
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue)
End Try
Return retval
End Function
' Delete all elements that equal the given object.
Public Function Remove(ByVal qValue As T) As Integer
Dim removedCt As Integer = 0
' Wait until the lock is available and lock the queue.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue)
Try
Dim counter As Integer = m_inputQueue.Count
While (counter > 0)
'Check each element.
Dim elem As T = m_inputQueue.Dequeue()
If Not elem.Equals(qValue) Then
m_inputQueue.Enqueue(elem)
Else
' Keep a count of items removed.
removedCt += 1
End If
counter = counter - 1
End While
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue)
End Try
Return removedCt
End Function
' Print all queue elements.
Public Function PrintAllElements() As String
Dim output As New StringBuilder()
'Lock the queue.
Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue)
Try
For Each elem As T In m_inputQueue
' Print the next element.
output.AppendLine(elem.ToString())
Next
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue)
End Try
Return output.ToString()
End Function
End Class
Public Class Example
Private Shared q As New SafeQueue(Of Integer)
Private Shared threadsRunning As Integer = 0
Private Shared results(2)() As Integer
Friend Shared Sub Main()
Console.WriteLine("Working...")
For i As Integer = 0 To 2
Dim t As New Thread(AddressOf ThreadProc)
t.Start(i)
Interlocked.Increment(threadsRunning)
Next i
End Sub
Private Shared Sub ThreadProc(ByVal state As Object)
Dim finish As DateTime = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(10)
Dim rand As New Random()
Dim result() As Integer = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
Dim threadNum As Integer = CInt(state)
While (DateTime.Now < finish)
Dim what As Integer = rand.Next(250)
Dim how As Integer = rand.Next(100)
If how < 16 Then
q.Enqueue(what)
result(ThreadResultIndex.EnqueueCt) += 1
Else If how < 32 Then
If q.TryEnqueue(what)
result(ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueSucceedCt) += 1
Else
result(ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueFailCt) += 1
End If
Else If how < 48 Then
' Even a very small wait significantly increases the success
' rate of the conditional enqueue operation.
If q.TryEnqueue(what, 10)
result(ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueWaitSucceedCt) += 1
Else
result(ThreadResultIndex.TryEnqueueWaitFailCt) += 1
End If
Else If how < 96 Then
result(ThreadResultIndex.DequeueCt) += 1
Try
q.Dequeue()
Catch
result(ThreadResultIndex.DequeueExCt) += 1
End Try
Else
result(ThreadResultIndex.RemoveCt) += 1
result(ThreadResultIndex.RemovedCt) += q.Remove(what)
End If
End While
results(threadNum) = result
If 0 = Interlocked.Decrement(threadsRunning) Then
Dim sb As New StringBuilder( _
" Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Total" & vbLf)
For row As Integer = 0 To 8
Dim total As Integer = 0
sb.Append(titles(row))
For col As Integer = 0 To 2
sb.Append(String.Format("{0,9}", results(col)(row)))
total += results(col)(row)
Next col
sb.AppendLine(String.Format("{0,9}", total))
Next row
Console.WriteLine(sb.ToString())
End If
End Sub
Private Shared titles() As String = { _
"Enqueue ", _
"TryEnqueue succeeded ", _
"TryEnqueue failed ", _
"TryEnqueue(T, wait) succeeded ", _
"TryEnqueue(T, wait) failed ", _
"Dequeue attempts ", _
"Dequeue exceptions ", _
"Remove operations ", _
"Queue elements removed " _
}
Private Enum ThreadResultIndex
EnqueueCt
TryEnqueueSucceedCt
TryEnqueueFailCt
TryEnqueueWaitSucceedCt
TryEnqueueWaitFailCt
DequeueCt
DequeueExCt
RemoveCt
RemovedCt
End Enum
End Class
' This example produces output similar to the following:
'
'Working...
' Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3 Total
'Enqueue 294357 512164 302838 1109359
'TryEnqueue succeeded 294486 512403 303117 1110006
'TryEnqueue failed 108 234 127 469
'TryEnqueue(T, wait) succeeded 294259 512796 302556 1109611
'TryEnqueue(T, wait) failed 1 1 1 3
'Dequeue attempts 882266 1537993 907795 3328054
'Dequeue exceptions 12691 21474 13480 47645
'Remove operations 74059 128715 76187 278961
'Queue elements removed 12667 22606 13219 48492
注解
如果成功，此方法将获取 参数上的 obj 独占锁。 无论锁是否可用，此方法都会立即返回。
此方法类似于 Enter，但它永远不会阻止当前线程。 如果线程无法在不阻止的情况下进入，则 方法将 false,返回 。
若要确保线程不进入关键部分，应检查方法的返回值，仅当其返回值为 true时，才在关键节中执行代码。 以下代码片段显示了用于调用此方法的模式。 请注意，应在块中finally调用Exit，以确保调用线程在发生异常时释放关键节上的锁。
var lockObj = new Object();
if (Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj)) {
try {
// The critical section.
}
finally {
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(lockObj);
}
}
else {
// The lock was not axquired.
}
Dim lockObj As New Object()
If Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj) Then
Try
' The critical section.
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(lockObj)
End Try
Else
' The lock was not acquired.
End If
另请参阅
适用于
TryEnter(Object, Int32)
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
- Source:
- Monitor.CoreCLR.cs
在指定的毫秒数内尝试获取指定对象上的排他锁。
public:
static bool TryEnter(System::Object ^ obj, int millisecondsTimeout);public static bool TryEnter (object obj, int millisecondsTimeout);static member TryEnter : obj * int -> boolPublic Shared Function TryEnter (obj As Object, millisecondsTimeout As Integer) As Boolean参数
- obj
- Object
在其上获取锁的对象。
- millisecondsTimeout
- Int32
等待锁所需的毫秒数。
返回
如果当前线程获取该锁，则为 true；否则为 false。
例外
obj 参数为 null。
millisecondsTimeout 是负数且不等于 Infinite。
注解
millisecondsTimeout如果 参数等于 Infinite，则此方法等效于 Enter。 如果 millisecondsTimeout 等于 0，则此方法等效于 TryEnter。
若要确保线程不进入关键部分，应检查方法的返回值，仅当其返回值为 true时，才在关键节中执行代码。 以下代码片段显示了用于调用此方法的模式。 请注意，应在块中finally调用Exit，以确保调用线程在发生异常时释放关键节上的锁。
var lockObj = new Object();
int timeout = 500;
if (Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout)) {
try {
// The critical section.
}
finally {
// Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(lockObj);
}
}
else {
// The lock was not acquired.
}
Dim lockObj As New Object()
Dim timeout As Integer = 500
If Monitor.TryEnter(lockObj, timeout) Then
Try
' The critical section.
Finally
' Ensure that the lock is released.
Monitor.Exit(lockObj)
End Try
Else
' The lock was not acquired.
End If
