Tuple<T1,T2> 类

参考

定义

命名空间:: System

程序集:: System.Runtime.dll

程序集:: mscorlib.dll

程序集:: netstandard.dll

重要

一些信息与预发行产品相关，相应产品在发行之前可能会进行重大修改。对于此处提供的信息，Microsoft 不作任何明示或暗示的担保。

表示 2 元组，或二元组。

generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable

generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable, System::Runtime::CompilerServices::ITuple

public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable

public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ITuple

[System.Serializable]
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable

type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable

type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple

[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable

[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple

Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable

Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable, ITuple

类型参数

T1

此元组的第一个组件的类型。

T2

此元组的第二个组件的类型。

继承: Object
Tuple<T1,T2>

属性: SerializableAttribute

实现: IStructuralComparable IStructuralEquatable IComparable ITuple

注解

元组是具有特定数目和值序列的数据结构。类 Tuple<T1,T2> 表示一个 2 元组或一对，它是具有两个组件的元组。 2 元组类似于结构 KeyValuePair<TKey,TValue> 。

可以通过调用Tuple<T1,T2>构造函数或静态Tuple.Create<T1,T2>(T1, T2)方法来实例化Tuple<T1,T2>对象。可以使用只读 Item1 属性和 Item2 实例属性检索元组组件的值。

元组通常采用四种不同的方式：

表示单个数据集。例如，元组可以表示数据库中的记录，其组件可以表示该记录的字段。

为了提供对数据集的轻松访问和操作。以下示例定义包含学生名称及其相应测试分数的对象数组 Tuple<T1,T2> 。然后循环访问数组以计算平均测试分数。

using System;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores = 
                    { new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92), 
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91), 
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", null),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99),
                      new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) };
      int number;
      double mean = ComputeMean(scores, out number);
      Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number);
   }

   private static double ComputeMean(Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores, out int n) 
   {
      n = 0;      
      int sum = 0;
      foreach (var score in scores)
      {
         if (score.Item2.HasValue)
         { 
            n += 1;
            sum += score.Item2.Value;
         }
      }     
      if (n > 0)
         return sum / (double) n;
      else
         return 0;
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)

open System

let scores = 
    [| Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92) 
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91) 
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", Nullable())
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99)
       Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) |]

let computeMean (scores: Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[]) (n: int outref) = 
    n <- 0      
    let mutable sum = 0
    for _, score in scores do
        if score.HasValue then
            n <- n + 1
            sum <- sum + score.Value
    if n > 0 then
        double sum / double n
    else
        0

let mutable number = 0
let mean = computeMean scores &number
printfn $"Average test score: {mean:N2} (n={number})"
// The example displays the following output:
//       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)) = 
                      { New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Jack", 78),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Abbey", 92), 
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Dave", 88),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Sam", 91), 
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Ed", Nothing),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Penelope", 82),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Linda", 99),
                        New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Judith", 84) }
      Dim number As Integer
      Dim mean As Double = ComputeMean(scores, number)
      Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number)
   End Sub
   
   Private Function ComputeMean(scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)), 
                                ByRef n As Integer) As Double
      n = 0      
      Dim sum As Integer
      For Each score In scores
         If score.Item2.HasValue Then 
            n += 1
            sum += score.Item2.Value
         End If
      Next     
      If n > 0 Then
         Return sum / n
      Else
         Return 0
      End If             
   End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)

若要返回方法中的out多个值，而不使用 C#) 中的参数 (或ByRefVisual Basic) 中的参数 (。例如，以下示例使用对象 Tuple<T1,T2> 返回从整数除法得出的商数和余数。

using System;

public class Class1
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      int dividend, divisor;
      Tuple<int, int> result;
      
      dividend = 136945; divisor = 178;
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
      if (result != null)
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
      else
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
                        
      dividend = Int32.MaxValue; divisor = -2073;
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
      if (result != null)
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
      else
         Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
   }

   private static Tuple<int, int> IntegerDivide(int dividend, int divisor)
   {
      try {
         int remainder;
         int quotient = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, out remainder);
         return new Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder);
      }   
      catch (DivideByZeroException) {
         return null;
      }      
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
//       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757

open System

let integerDivide (dividend: int) divisor =
    try
        let quotient, remainder = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor)
        Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder)
    with :? DivideByZeroException ->
        Unchecked.defaultof<Tuple<int, int>>

[<EntryPoint>]
let main _ =
    let dividend = 136945 
    let divisor = 178
    let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
    if box result <> null then
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
    else
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
                    
    let dividend = Int32.MaxValue 
    let divisor = -2073
    let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
    if box result <> null then
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
    else
        printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
    0
// The example displays the following output:
//       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
//       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757

Module modMain
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim dividend, divisor As Integer
      Dim result As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
      
      dividend = 136945 : divisor = 178
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
      If result IsNot Nothing Then
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
      End If
                        
      dividend = Int32.MaxValue : divisor = -2073
      result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
      If result IsNot Nothing Then
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                           dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
      End If
   End Sub
   
   Private Function IntegerDivide(dividend As Integer, divisor As Integer) As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
      Try
         Dim remainder As Integer
         Dim quotient As Integer = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, remainder)
         Return New Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)(quotient, remainder)
      Catch e As DivideByZeroException
         Return Nothing
      End Try      
   End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
'       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757

通过单个参数将多个值传递给方法。例如，该方法 Thread.Start(Object) 具有一个参数，用于向线程在启动时执行的方法提供一个值。如果提供对象 Tuple<T1,T2> 作为方法参数，则可以使用两项数据提供线程的启动例程。

构造函数

Tuple<T1,T2>(T1, T2)

初始化 Tuple<T1,T2> 类的新实例。

属性

Item1	获取当前 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象的第一个分量的值。
Item2	获取当前 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象的第二个分量的值。

方法

Equals(Object)	返回一个值，该值指示当前的 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象是否与指定对象相等。
GetHashCode()	返回当前 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象的哈希代码。
GetType()	获取当前实例的 Type。 (继承自 Object)
MemberwiseClone()	创建当前 Object 的浅表副本。 (继承自 Object)
ToString()	返回表示此 Tuple<T1,T2> 实例的值的字符串。

显式接口实现

IComparable.CompareTo(Object)	比较当前 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象与指定对象，并返回一个整数，该整数指示当前对象在排序顺序中的位置：是在指定对象之前、之后还是在与指定对象相同的位置。
IStructuralComparable.CompareTo(Object, IComparer)	使用指定的比较器将当前的 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象与指定对象进行比较，并返回一个整数，该整数指示当前对象在排序顺序中的位置是在指定对象之前、之后还是与其相同。
IStructuralEquatable.Equals(Object, IEqualityComparer)	返回一个值，该值根据指定的比较方法指示当前的 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象是否与指定对象相等。
IStructuralEquatable.GetHashCode(IEqualityComparer)	使用指定的计算方法计算当前 Tuple<T1,T2> 对象的哈希代码。
ITuple.Item[Int32]	获取指定 `Tuple` 元素的值。
ITuple.Length	获取 `Tuple` 中的元素数。

扩展方法

Deconstruct<T1,T2>(Tuple<T1,T2>, T1, T2)	将具有 2 个元素的元组解构为不同的变量。
ToValueTuple<T1,T2>(Tuple<T1,T2>)	将 `Tuple` 类的实例转换为 `ValueTuple` 结构的实例。

适用于

通过

Tuple<T1,T2> 类

定义

类型参数

注解

构造函数

属性

方法

显式接口实现

扩展方法

适用于

另请参阅

其他资源