Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer 属性

参考

定义

命名空间:: System.Web.Security

程序集:: System.Web.dll

重要

一些信息与预发行产品相关，相应产品在发行之前可能会进行重大修改。对于此处提供的信息，Microsoft 不作任何明示或暗示的担保。

获取一个值，该值指示默认成员资格提供程序是否求用户在进行密码重置和检索时回答密码提示问题。

public:
 static property bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer { bool get(); };

public static bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer { get; }

static member RequiresQuestionAndAnswer : bool

Public Shared ReadOnly Property RequiresQuestionAndAnswer As Boolean

属性值

Boolean

如果密码重置和检索需要提供密码提示问题答案，则为 true；否则为 false。

示例

下面的代码示例演示 ASP.NET 应用程序的 Web.config 文件的部分中的成员资格元素 system.web 。它指定应用程序使用的 SqlMembershipProvider实例，启用密码重置，并在执行重置时需要密码答案。

<membership defaultProvider="SqlProvider" userIsOnlineTimeWindow="20">  
  <providers>  
    <add name="SqlProvider"  
      type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider"  
      connectionStringName="SqlServices"  
      enablePasswordRetrieval="false"  
      enablePasswordReset="true"  
      requiresQuestionAndAnswer="true"  
      passwordFormat="Hashed"  
      applicationName="MyApplication" />  
  </providers>  
</membership>

以下代码示例检查的值 RequiresQuestionAndAnswer ，并为创建用户时提供的密码问题和答案添加必要的控件。

重要

此示例包含一个接受用户输入的文本框，这是一个潜在的安全威胁。默认情况下，ASP.NET 网页验证用户输入是否不包含脚本或 HTML 元素。有关详细信息，请参阅脚本侵入概述。

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">

public void CreateUser_OnClick(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
  // Create new user and retrieve create status result.

  MembershipCreateStatus status;
  string passwordQuestion = "";
  string passwordAnswer = "";

  if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer)
  {
    passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text;
    passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text;
  }

  try
  {
    MembershipUser newUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text, PasswordTextbox.Text, 
                                                   EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion,
                                                   passwordAnswer, true, out status);
    if (newUser == null)
    {
      Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status);
    }
    else
    {
      Response.Redirect("login.aspx");
    }
  }
  catch
  {
    Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user.";
  }
}

public string GetErrorMessage(MembershipCreateStatus status)
{
   switch (status)
   {
      case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
        return "Username already exists. Please enter a different user name.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
        return "A username for that email address already exists. Please enter a different email address.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
        return "The password provided is invalid. Please enter a valid password value.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
        return "The email address provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
        return "The password retrieval answer provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
        return "The password retrieval question provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName:
        return "The user name provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
        return "The authentication provider returned an error. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
        return "The user creation request has been canceled. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";

      default:
        return "An unknown error occurred. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";
   }
}

</script>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>

<form id="form1" runat="server">
  <h3>Create New User</h3>

  <asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon" runat="server" /><br />

  <table cellpadding="3" border="0">
    <tr>
      <td>Username:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Confirm Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" />
          <asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
                                      ErrorMessage="Confirm password must match password." />
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Email Address:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>


<% if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer) { %>

    <tr>
      <td>Password Question:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password Answer:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>

<% } %>


    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton" Text="Create User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick" runat="server" /></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>

</body>
</html>

<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">

Public Sub CreateUser_OnClick(sender As Object, args As EventArgs)

  ' Create new user and retrieve create status result.

  Dim status As MembershipCreateStatus
  Dim passwordQuestion As String = ""
  Dim passwordAnswer As String = ""

  If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then
    passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text
    passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text
  End If

  Try
    Dim newUser As MembershipUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text, PasswordTextbox.Text, _
                                                   EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion, _
                                                   passwordAnswer, True, status)
    If newUser Is Nothing Then
      Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status)
    Else
       Response.Redirect("login.aspx")
    End If
  Catch
    Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user."
  End Try

End Sub

Public Function GetErrorMessage(status As MembershipCreateStatus) As String

   Select Case status
   
      Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
        Return "Username already exists. Please enter a different user name."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
        Return "A username for that email address already exists. Please enter a different email address."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
        Return "The password provided is invalid. Please enter a valid password value."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
        Return "The email address provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
        Return "The password retrieval answer provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
        Return "The password retrieval question provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName
        Return "The user name provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
        Return "The authentication provider returned an error. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
        Return "The user creation request has been canceled. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."

      Case Else:
        Return "An unknown error occurred. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."
   End Select

End Function

</script>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>

<form id="form1" runat="server">
  <h3>Create New User</h3>
  <asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon" runat="server" />
  <table cellpadding="3" border="0">
    <tr>
      <td>Username:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Confirm Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" />
          <asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
                                      ErrorMessage="Confirm password must match password." />
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Email Address:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>


<% If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then %>

    <tr>
      <td>Password Question:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password Answer:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator" runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox" ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>

<% End If %>


    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton" Text="Create User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick" runat="server" /></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>

</body>
</html>

注解

要求密码问答在检索或重置用户密码时提供额外的安全层。用户可在创建其用户名时提供问答，以便稍后使用该问答来检索或重置忘记的密码。

RequiresQuestionAndAnswer在调用或 GetPassword 时ResetPassword检查。如果 RequiresQuestionAndAnswer 为 true ，并且提供的密码答案为 null，则随 .NET Framework 提供的提供程序将引发 NotSupportedException 。

如果 EnablePasswordReset 和 EnablePasswordRetrieval 都是 false， RequiresQuestionAndAnswer 则仍可用于在创建新用户时强制创建问题和答案;但是，不会使用问题和答案。你将能够使用 MembershipUser 类检索问题。

有关详细信息，请参阅 ResetPassword 和 GetPassword。

适用于

另请参阅

ASP.NET 成员资格简介

通过

Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer 属性

定义

属性值

示例

注解

适用于

另请参阅

其他资源