DataContractResolver
DataContractResolver 示例 演示如何使用 DataContractResolver 类来自定义序列化和反序列化过程。 此示例演示在序列化和反序列化过程中,如何使用 DataContractResolver 在 CLR 类型与 xsi:type 表示形式之间进行映射。
示例详细信息
此示例定义以下 CLR 类型。
using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
namespace Types
{
[DataContract]
public class Customer
{
[DataMember]
public string Name { get; set; }
}
[DataContract]
public class VIPCustomer : Customer
{
[DataMember]
public string VipInfo { get; set; }
}
[DataContract]
public class RegularCustomer : Customer
{
}
[DataContract]
public class PreferredVIPCustomer : VIPCustomer
{
}
}
此示例加载程序集,提取每个类型,然后对这些类型进行序列化和反序列化。 DataContractResolver 会通过将 DataContractResolver 派生类的实例传递给 DataContractSerializer 构造函数,插入到序列化过程中,如下面的示例所示。
this.serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Object), null, int.MaxValue, false, true, null, new MyDataContractResolver(assembly));
此示例随后序列化 CLR 类型,如下面的代码示例所示。
Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("Types"));
public void serialize(Type type)
{
Object instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Serializing type: {0}", type.Name);
Console.WriteLine();
this.buffer = new StringBuilder();
using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(this.buffer))
{
try
{
this.serializer.WriteObject(xmlWriter, instance);
}
catch (SerializationException error)
{
Console.WriteLine(error.ToString());
}
}
Console.WriteLine(this.buffer.ToString());
}
此示例随后反序列化 xsi:type,如下面的代码示例所示。
public void deserialize(Type type)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Deserializing type: {0}", type.Name);
Console.WriteLine();
using (XmlReader xmlReader = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(this.buffer.ToString())))
{
Object obj = this.serializer.ReadObject(xmlReader);
}
}
由于会将自定义 DataContractResolver 传入到 DataContractSerializer 构造函数中,因此在序列化过程中会调用 TryResolveType,以将 CLR 类型映射到等效的 xsi:type
。 同样,会在反序列化过程中调用 ResolveName,以将 xsi:type
映射到等效的 CLR 类型。 在此示例中定义了 DataContractResolver,如下面的示例所示。
下面的代码示例是一个派生自 DataContractResolver 的类。
class MyDataContractResolver : DataContractResolver
{
private Dictionary<string, XmlDictionaryString> dictionary = new Dictionary<string, XmlDictionaryString>();
Assembly assembly;
public MyDataContractResolver(Assembly assembly)
{
this.assembly = assembly;
}
// Used at deserialization
// Allows users to map xsi:type name to any Type
public override Type ResolveName(string typeName, string typeNamespace, DataContractResolver knownTypeResolver)
{
XmlDictionaryString tName;
XmlDictionaryString tNamespace;
if (dictionary.TryGetValue(typeName, out tName) && dictionary.TryGetValue(typeNamespace, out tNamespace))
{
return this.assembly.GetType(tNamespace.Value + "." + tName.Value);
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
// Used at serialization
// Maps any Type to a new xsi:type representation
public override void ResolveType(Type dataContractType, DataContractResolver knownTypeResolver, out XmlDictionaryString typeName, out XmlDictionaryString typeNamespace)
{
string name = dataContractType.Name;
string namesp = dataContractType.Namespace;
typeName = new XmlDictionaryString(XmlDictionary.Empty, name, 0);
typeNamespace = new XmlDictionaryString(XmlDictionary.Empty, namesp, 0);
if (!dictionary.ContainsKey(dataContractType.Name))
{
dictionary.Add(name, typeName);
}
if (!dictionary.ContainsKey(dataContractType.Namespace))
{
dictionary.Add(namesp, typeNamespace);
}
}
}
作为此示例的一部分,Types 项目将生成具有此示例中所使用的全部类型的程序集。 使用此项目可添加、移除或修改将要序列化的所有类型。
使用此示例
使用 Visual Studio 打开 DCRSample.sln 解决方案文件。
若要运行解决方案,请按 F5。