如何：设置 ProtectionLevel 属性

项目
02/28/2011

通过应用相应的属性 (Attribute) 并设置该属性 (Property) 可设置保护级别。可在服务级设置保护以影响每条消息的所有部件，或者从方法到消息部分逐级递增地设置保护。有关 ProtectionLevel 属性的更多信息，请参见了解保护级别。

注意：
只能在代码中，而不是在配置中设置保护级别。

为服务签名所有消息

为服务创建一个接口。

将 ServiceContractAttribute 属性 (Attribute) 应用于服务，并将 ProtectionLevel 属性 (Property) 设置为 Sign，如下面的代码所示（默认级别为 EncryptAndSign）。

' Set the ProtectionLevel on the whole service to Sign.
<ServiceContract(ProtectionLevel:=ProtectionLevel.Sign)> _
Public Interface ICalculator

// Set the ProtectionLevel on the whole service to Sign.
[ServiceContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Sign)]
public interface ICalculator

为操作签名所有消息部分

为服务创建一个接口，并将 ServiceContractAttribute 属性应用于该接口。
向该接口添加一个方法声明。

将 OperationContractAttribute 属性 (Attribute) 应用于该方法，并将 ProtectionLevel 属性 (Property) 设置为 Sign，如下面的代码所示。

' Set the ProtectionLevel on the whole service to Sign.
<ServiceContract(ProtectionLevel:=ProtectionLevel.Sign)> _
Public Interface ICalculator

    ' Set the ProtectionLevel on this operation to Sign.
    <OperationContract(ProtectionLevel:=ProtectionLevel.Sign)> _
    Function Add(ByVal a As Double, ByVal b As Double) As Double
End Interface

// Set the ProtectionLevel on the whole service to Sign.
[ServiceContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Sign)]
public interface ICalculator
{

    // Set the ProtectionLevel on this operation to None.
    [OperationContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Sign)]
    double Add(double a, double b);
}

保护错误消息

服务上引发的异常可作为 SOAP 错误发送到客户端。有关创建强类型错误的更多信息，请参见在协定和服务中指定和处理错误和如何：在服务协定中声明错误。

保护错误消息

创建一个表示错误消息的类型。下面的示例创建一个含有两个字段的名为 MathFault 的类。

将 DataContractAttribute 属性应用于该类型，并将 DataMemberAttribute 属性应用于应该序列化的每个字段，如下面的代码所示。

<DataContract()>  _
Public Class MathFault
    <DataMember()>  _
    Public operation As String
    <DataMember()>  _
    Public description As String
End Class

[DataContract]
public class MathFault
{
    [DataMember]
    public string operation;
    [DataMember]
    public string description;
}

在将返回该错误的接口中，将 FaultContractAttribute 属性应用于将返回错误的方法，并将 detailType 参数设置为错误类的类型。

同样在构造函数中，将 ProtectionLevel 属性设置为 EncryptAndSign，如下面的代码所示。

Public Interface ICalculator
    ' Set the ProtectionLevel on a FaultContractAttribute.
    <OperationContract(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign), _
     FaultContract(GetType(MathFault), ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
    Function Add(ByVal a As Double, ByVal b As Double) As Double 
End Interface

public interface ICalculator
{
    // Set the ProtectionLevel on a FaultContractAttribute.
    [OperationContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
    [FaultContract(
        typeof(MathFault),
        Action = @"https://localhost/Add",
        Name = "AddFault",
        Namespace = "https://contoso.com",
        ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
    double Add(double a, double b);
}

保护消息部分

使用消息协定保护消息的各个部分。有关消息协定的更多信息，请参见使用消息约定。

保护消息正文

创建一个表示消息的类型。下面的示例创建一个 Company 类，其中有两个字段 CompanyName 和 CompanyID。
将 MessageContractAttribute 属性 (Attribute) 应用于该类，并将 ProtectionLevel 属性 (Property) 设置为 EncryptAndSign。
将 MessageHeaderAttribute 属性 (Attribute) 应用于将表示为消息头的字段，并将 ProtectionLevel 属性 (Property) 设置为 EncryptAndSign。

将 MessageBodyMemberAttribute 应用于将表示为消息正文部分的任何字段，并将 ProtectionLevel 属性应用于 EncryptAndSign，如下面的示例所示。

<MessageContract(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
Public Class Company
    <MessageHeader(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.Sign)>  _
    Public CompanyName As String

    <MessageBodyMember(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
    Public CompanyID As String
End Class

[MessageContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
public class Company
{
    [MessageHeader(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Sign)]
    public string CompanyName;

    [MessageBodyMember(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
    public string CompanyID;
}

示例

下面的示例设置位于服务中不同位置的多个属性 (Attribute) 类的 ProtectionLevel 属性 (Property)。

<ServiceContract(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
Public Interface ICalculator
    <OperationContract(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
    Function Add(ByVal a As Double, ByVal b As Double) As Double 
    
    
    <OperationContract(), _
       FaultContract _
       (GetType(MathFault), _
       Action := "https://localhost/Add", _
       Name := "AddFault", _
       Namespace :="https://contoso.com", _
       ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
    Function Subtract(ByVal a As Double, ByVal b As Double) As Double 
    
    <OperationContract(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
    Function GetCompanyInfo() As Company 
End Interface 


<DataContract()>  _
Public Class MathFault
    <DataMember()>  _
    Public operation As String
    <DataMember()>  _
    Public description As String
End Class 

<MessageContract(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
Public Class Company
    <MessageHeader(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.Sign)>  _
    Public CompanyName As String
    
    <MessageBodyMember(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)>  _
    Public CompanyID As String
End Class 

<MessageContract(ProtectionLevel := ProtectionLevel.Sign)>  _
Public Class Calculator
    Implements ICalculator
    
    Public Function Add(ByVal a As Double, ByVal b As Double) As Double _
      Implements ICalculator.Add
        Return a + b
    
    End Function 
    
    Public Function Subtract(ByVal a As Double, ByVal b As Double) As Double _
       Implements ICalculator.Subtract
        Return a - b
    
    End Function      
    
    Public Function GetCompanyInfo() As Company Implements ICalculator.GetCompanyInfo
        Dim co As New Company()
        co.CompanyName = "www.cohowinery.com"
        Return co
    End Function 
End Class 


Public Class Test
    
    Shared Sub Main() 
        Dim t As New Test()
        Try
            t.Run()
        Catch inv As System.InvalidOperationException
            Console.WriteLine(inv.Message)
        End Try
    End Sub 
    
    
    Private Sub Run() 
        ' Create a binding and set the security mode to Message.
        Dim b As New WSHttpBinding()
        b.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message
        
        Dim contractType As Type = GetType(ICalculator)
        Dim implementedContract As Type = GetType(Calculator)
        Dim baseAddress As New Uri("https://localhost:8044/base")
        
        ' Create the ServiceHost and add an endpoint.
        Dim sh As New ServiceHost(implementedContract, baseAddress)
        sh.AddServiceEndpoint(contractType, b, "Calculator")
        
        Dim sm As New ServiceMetadataBehavior()
        sm.HttpGetEnabled = True
        sh.Description.Behaviors.Add(sm)
        sh.Credentials.ServiceCertificate.SetCertificate( _
           StoreLocation.CurrentUser, StoreName.My, _
           X509FindType.FindByIssuerName, "ValidCertificateIssuer")
        
        Dim se As ServiceEndpoint
        For Each se In  sh.Description.Endpoints
            Dim cd As ContractDescription = se.Contract
            Console.WriteLine(vbLf + "ContractDescription: ProtectionLevel = {0}", _
               cd.Name, cd.ProtectionLevel)
            Dim od As OperationDescription
            For Each od In  cd.Operations
                Console.WriteLine(vbLf + "OperationDescription: Name = {0}", od.Name, od.ProtectionLevel)
                Console.WriteLine("ProtectionLevel = {1}", od.Name, od.ProtectionLevel)
                Dim m As MessageDescription
                For Each m In  od.Messages
                    Console.WriteLine(vbTab + " {0}: {1}", m.Action, m.ProtectionLevel)
                    Dim mh As MessageHeaderDescription
                    For Each mh In  m.Headers
                        Console.WriteLine(vbTab + vbTab + " {0}: {1}", mh.Name, mh.ProtectionLevel)
                        
                        Dim mp As MessagePropertyDescription
                        For Each mp In  m.Properties
                            Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", mp.Name, mp.ProtectionLevel)
                        Next mp
                    Next mh
                Next m
            Next od
        Next se
        sh.Open()
        Console.WriteLine("Listening")
        Console.ReadLine()
        sh.Close()
    
    End Sub 
End Class

[ServiceContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
public interface ICalculator
{
    [OperationContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Sign)]
    double Add(double a, double b);


    [OperationContract()]
    [FaultContract(typeof(MathFault),
        ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
    double Subtract(double a, double b);

    [OperationContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
    Company GetCompanyInfo();
}


[DataContract]
public class MathFault
{
    [DataMember]
    public string operation;
    [DataMember]
    public string description;
}

[MessageContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
public class Company
{
    [MessageHeader(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Sign)]
    public string CompanyName;

    [MessageBodyMember(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign)]
    public string CompanyID;
}

[MessageContract(ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Sign)]
public class Calculator : ICalculator
{
    public double Add(double a, double b)
    {
        return a + b;
    }


    public double Subtract(double a, double b)
    {
        return a - b;
    }

    public Company GetCompanyInfo()
    {
        Company co = new Company();
        co.CompanyName = "www.cohowinery.com";
        return co;
    }

}

public class Test
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Test t = new Test();
        try
        {
            t.Run();
        }
        catch (System.InvalidOperationException inv)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(inv.Message);
        }
    }

    private void Run()
    {
        // Create a binding and set the security mode to Message.
        WSHttpBinding b = new WSHttpBinding();
        b.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message;

        Type contractType = typeof(ICalculator);
        Type implementedContract = typeof(Calculator);
        Uri baseAddress = new Uri("https://localhost:8044/base");

        // Create the ServiceHost and add an endpoint.
        ServiceHost sh = new ServiceHost(implementedContract, baseAddress);
        sh.AddServiceEndpoint(contractType, b, "Calculator");

        ServiceMetadataBehavior sm = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
        sm.HttpGetEnabled = true;
        sh.Description.Behaviors.Add(sm);
        sh.Credentials.ServiceCertificate.SetCertificate(
            StoreLocation.CurrentUser,
            StoreName.My,
            X509FindType.FindByIssuerName,
            "ValidCertificateIssuer");

        foreach (ServiceEndpoint se in sh.Description.Endpoints)
        {
            ContractDescription cd = se.Contract;
            Console.WriteLine("\nContractDescription: ProtectionLevel = {0}", cd.Name, cd.ProtectionLevel);
            foreach (OperationDescription od in cd.Operations)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nOperationDescription: Name = {0}", od.Name, od.ProtectionLevel);
                Console.WriteLine("ProtectionLevel = {1}", od.Name, od.ProtectionLevel);
                foreach (MessageDescription m in od.Messages)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("\t {0}: {1}", m.Action, m.ProtectionLevel);
                    foreach (MessageHeaderDescription mh in m.Headers)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("\t\t {0}: {1}", mh.Name, mh.ProtectionLevel);

                        foreach (MessagePropertyDescription mp in m.Properties)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", mp.Name, mp.ProtectionLevel);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        sh.Open();
        Console.WriteLine("Listening");
        Console.ReadLine();
        sh.Close();

    }
}

编译代码

下面的代码显示编译该示例代码所必需的命名空间。

Imports System
Imports System.ServiceModel
Imports System.Net.Security
Imports System.ServiceModel.Description
Imports System.Security.Permissions
Imports System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
Imports System.Runtime.Serialization

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

另请参见

参考

ServiceContractAttribute
OperationContractAttribute
FaultContractAttribute
MessageContractAttribute
MessageBodyMemberAttribute

概念

了解保护级别

通过

如何：设置 ProtectionLevel 属性

为服务签名所有消息

为操作签名所有消息部分

保护错误消息

保护错误消息

保护消息部分

保护消息正文

示例

编译代码

另请参见

参考

概念

其他资源