如何：使用查询路径调整结果（实体框架）

本主题提供有关如何指定查询路径的示例，查询路径定义在实体数据模型 (EDM) 中查询特定对象时将返回哪些相关对象。本示例中的查询返回单个 Contact 对象及所有相关的 SalesOrderHeader 对象和 SalesOrderDetail 对象。将使用以下每种 实体框架 查询技术演示同一示例：

• LINQ to Entities

• Entity SQL with ObjectQuery<T>

• ObjectQuery <T> 的查询生成器方法

本主题中的示例基于 Adventure Works 销售模型。若要运行本示例中的代码，必须已将 AdventureWorks 销售模型添加到您的项目中，并将项目配置为使用实体框架。为此，请完成如何：手动配置实体框架项目和如何：手动定义实体数据模型（实体框架） 中的过程。也可以使用实体数据模型向导定义 AdventureWorks 销售模型。有关更多信息，请参见如何：使用实体数据模型向导（实体框架）。

示例

这是 LINQ to Entities 示例。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    ' Define a LINQ query with a path that returns 
    ' orders and items for a contact.
    Dim contacts = (From contact In context.Contact _
        .Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail") _
        Select contact).FirstOrDefault()

    Try
        ' Execute the query and display information for each item 
        ' in the orders that belong to the contact.
        For Each order As SalesOrderHeader In contacts.SalesOrderHeader
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}", _
                order.PurchaseOrderNumber))
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}", _
                order.OrderDate.ToString()))
            Console.WriteLine("Order items:")
            For Each item As SalesOrderDetail In order.SalesOrderDetail
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product:{0}" _
                    + "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(), _
                    item.OrderQty.ToString()))
            Next
        Next
    Catch ex As EntitySqlException
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
    Catch ex As EntityCommandExecutionException
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
    End Try
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context =
    new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    // Define a LINQ query with a path that returns 
    // orders and items for a contact.
    var contacts = (from contact in context.Contact
                  .Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail")
                  select contact).FirstOrDefault();

    try
    {
        // Execute the query and display information for each item 
        // in the orders that belong to the contact.
        foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in contacts
            .SalesOrderHeader)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}",
                order.PurchaseOrderNumber));
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}",
                order.OrderDate.ToString()));
            Console.WriteLine("Order items:");
            foreach (SalesOrderDetail item in order.SalesOrderDetail)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product: {0} "
                    + "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(),
                    item.OrderQty.ToString()));
            }
        }
    }
    catch (EntitySqlException ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
    }
    catch (EntityCommandExecutionException ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
    }
}

这是 Entity SQL 示例。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    ' Define an object query with a path that returns 
    ' orders and items for a specific contact.              
    Dim queryString As String = _
        "SELECT VALUE TOP(1) Contact FROM " + _
        "AdventureWorksEntities.Contact AS Contact"

    ' Define the object query with the query string.
    Dim contactQuery As New ObjectQuery(Of Contact)(queryString, _
        context, MergeOption.NoTracking)

    Dim contact As Contact = _
    contactQuery.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail") _
        .FirstOrDefault()

    Try
        ' Execute the query and display information for each item 
        ' in the orders that belong to the first contact.
        For Each order As SalesOrderHeader In contact.SalesOrderHeader
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}", _
                order.PurchaseOrderNumber))
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}", _
                order.OrderDate.ToString()))
            Console.WriteLine("Order items:")
            For Each item As SalesOrderDetail In order.SalesOrderDetail
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product:{0}" _
                    + "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(), _
                    item.OrderQty.ToString()))
            Next
        Next
    Catch ex As EntitySqlException
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
    Catch ex As EntityCommandExecutionException
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
    End Try
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context =
    new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    // Define an object query with a path that returns 
    // orders and items for a specific contact.              
    string queryString =
        @"SELECT VALUE TOP(1) Contact FROM " + 
        "AdventureWorksEntities.Contact AS Contact";

    // Define the object query with the query string.
    ObjectQuery<Contact> contactQuery = new ObjectQuery<Contact>(queryString, 
        context, MergeOption.NoTracking);
    
    Contact contact =
        contactQuery.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail")
        .FirstOrDefault();

    try
    {
        // Execute the query and display information for each item 
        // in the orders that belong to the first contact.
        foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in contact
            .SalesOrderHeader)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}",
                order.PurchaseOrderNumber));
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}",
                order.OrderDate.ToString()));
            Console.WriteLine("Order items:");
            foreach (SalesOrderDetail item in order.SalesOrderDetail)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product: {0} "
                    + "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(),
                    item.OrderQty.ToString()));
            }
        }
    }
    catch (EntitySqlException ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
    }
    catch (EntityCommandExecutionException ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
    }
}

这是查询生成器方法示例。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    ' Create an object query with a path that returns orders and items for a contact.
    Dim contact As Contact = _
        context.Contact.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail") _
        .FirstOrDefault()
    Try
        ' Execute the query and display information for each item 
        ' in the orders that belong to the returned contact.
        Dim order As SalesOrderHeader
        For Each order In contact.SalesOrderHeader
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}", _
                    order.PurchaseOrderNumber))
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}", _
                    order.OrderDate.ToString()))
            Console.WriteLine("Order items:")
            Dim item As SalesOrderDetail
            For Each item In order.SalesOrderDetail
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product:{0}" _
                    + "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(), _
                    item.OrderQty.ToString()))
            Next
        Next
    Catch ex As EntitySqlException
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
    Catch ex As EntityCommandExecutionException
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
    End Try
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context =
    new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    // Define an object query with a path that returns 
    // orders and items for a specific contact.
    Contact contact =
        context.Contact.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail")
        .FirstOrDefault();
    
    try
    {
        // Execute the query and display information for each item 
        // in the orders that belong to the first contact.
        foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in contact
            .SalesOrderHeader)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}",
                order.PurchaseOrderNumber));
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}",
                order.OrderDate.ToString()));
            Console.WriteLine("Order items:");
            foreach (SalesOrderDetail item in order.SalesOrderDetail)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product: {0} "
                    + "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(),
                    item.OrderQty.ToString()));
            }
        }
    }
    catch (EntitySqlException ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
    }
    catch (EntityCommandExecutionException ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
    }
}

另请参见

任务

如何：执行返回实体类型的查询（实体框架）
如何：使用导航属性导航关系（实体框架）

概念

形成查询结果（实体框架）
查询生成器方法（实体框架）
Entity SQL 概述

其他资源

LINQ to Entities