步骤 4：使用 PHP 弹性连接到 SQL

下载 PHP 驱动程序

设计该演示程序的目的是在尝试连接期间发生暂时性故障时导致重试。 （暂时性错误代码以此附录中列出的前缀“08”开头。）但是，如果执行查询命令时出现暂时性错误，会导致程序放弃连接并创建新的连接，然后再重试查询命令。 不建议选择这种设计。 演示程序演示了一些可供你使用的设计弹性。

此代码示例的长度多半是因为捕获异常的逻辑。

sqlsrv_query() 函数可用于针对 SQL 数据库从查询中检索结果集。 此函数实际上可接受任何查询和连接对象，并返回可使用 sqlsrv_fetch_array() 循环访问的结果集。

    <?php
        // Variables to tune the retry logic.
        $connectionTimeoutSeconds = 30;  // Default of 15 seconds is too short over the Internet, sometimes.
        $maxCountTriesConnectAndQuery = 3;  // You can adjust the various retry count values.
        $secondsBetweenRetries = 4;  // Simple retry strategy.
        $errNo = 0;
        $serverName = "tcp:yourdatabase.database.windows.net,1433";
        $connectionOptions = array("Database"=>"AdventureWorks",
           "Uid"=>"yourusername", "PWD"=>"yourpassword", "LoginTimeout" => $connectionTimeoutSeconds);
        $conn = null;
        $arrayOfTransientErrors = array('08001', '08002', '08003', '08004', '08007', '08S01');
        for ($cc = 1; $cc <= $maxCountTriesConnectAndQuery; $cc++) {
            // [A.2] Connect, which proceeds to issue a query command.
            $conn = sqlsrv_connect($serverName, $connectionOptions);
            if ($conn === true) {
                echo "Connection was established";
                echo "<br>";

                $tsql = "SELECT Name FROM Production.ProductCategory";
                $stmt = sqlsrv_query($conn, $tsql);
                if ($stmt === false) {
                    echo "Error in query execution";
                    echo "<br>";
                    die(print_r(sqlsrv_errors(), true));
                }
                while($row = sqlsrv_fetch_array($stmt, SQLSRV_FETCH_ASSOC)) {
                    echo $row['Name'] . "<br/>" ;
                }
                sqlsrv_free_stmt($stmt);
                sqlsrv_close( $conn);
                break;
            } else {
                // [A.4] Check whether the error code is on the list of allowed transients.
                $isTransientError = false;
                $errorCode = '';
                if (($errors = sqlsrv_errors()) != null) {
                    foreach ($errors as $error) {
                        $errorCode = $error['code'];
                        $isTransientError = in_array($errorCode, $arrayOfTransientErrors);
                        if ($isTransientError) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (!$isTransientError) {
                    // it is a static persistent error...
                    echo("Persistent error suffered with error code = $errorCode. Program will terminate.");
                    echo "<br>";
                    // [A.5] Either the connection attempt or the query command attempt suffered a persistent error condition.
                    // Break the loop, let the hopeless program end.
                    exit(0);
                }
                // [A.6] It is a transient error from an attempt to issue a query command.
                // So let this method reloop and try again. However, we recommend that the new query
                // attempt should start at the beginning and establish a new connection.
                if ($cc >= $maxCountTriesConnectAndQuery) {
                    echo "Transient errors suffered in too many retries - $cc. Program will terminate.";
                    echo "<br>";
                    exit(0);
                }
                echo("Transient error encountered with error code = $errorCode. Program might retry by itself.");
                echo "<br>";
                echo "$cc attempts so far. Might retry.";
                echo "<br>";
                // A very simple retry strategy, a brief pause before looping.
                sleep(1*$secondsBetweenRetries);
            }
            // [A.3] All has gone well, so let the program end.
        }
    ?>