本文介绍如何在 Visual C++中使用 random_shuffle
标准模板库 (STL) 函数。
原始产品版本: Visual C++
原始 KB 数: 156994
必需的标头
<algorithm>
原型
template<class RandomAccessIterator, class Predicate> inline
void random_shuffle(RandomAccessIterator first,
RandomAccessIterator last,
Predicate pred)
注意
原型中的类/参数名称与头文件中的原始版本不匹配。 它们已被修改以提高可读性。
说明
算法 random_shuffle
将序列的元素(first..last) 以随机顺序排列。
谓词版本使用 pred 函数生成要交换的元素的索引。 pred 必须是一个函数对象,该对象采用参数 n 并返回范围 0 到 (n - 1) 中的整数随机数。
用于operator=
执行交换的random_shuffle
谓词版本。
代码示例
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Compile options needed: /GX
// random_shuffle.cpp: Illustrates how to use the predicate version
// of the random_shuffle function.
// Functions:
// random_shuffle: Shuffle the elements in a random order.
// Rand: Given n, generates an integral random number in the
// in the range 0 - (n - 1).
// of Microsoft Product Support Services,
// Software Core Developer Support.
// Copyright (c) 1996 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// disable warning C4786: symbol greater than 255 character,
// okay to ignore
#pragma warning(disable: 4786)
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
// return an integral random number in the range 0 - (n - 1)
int Rand(int n)
{
return rand() % n ;
}
void main()
{
const int VECTOR_SIZE = 8 ;
// Define a template class vector of int
typedef vector<int, allocator<int> > IntVector;
//Define an iterator for template class vector of strings
typedef IntVector::iterator IntVectorIt;
IntVector Numbers(VECTOR_SIZE);
IntVectorIt start, end, it;
// Initialize vector Numbers
Numbers[0] = 4;
Numbers[1] = 10;
Numbers[2] = 70;
Numbers[3] = 30;
Numbers[4] = 10;
Numbers[5] = 69;
Numbers[6] = 96;
Numbers[7] = 100;
start = Numbers.begin(); // location of first
// element of Numbers
end = Numbers.end(); // one past the location
// last element of Numbers
cout << "Before calling random_shuffle:\n" << endl;
// print content of Numbers
cout << "Numbers { ";
for(it = start; it != end; it++)
cout << *it << " ";
cout << " }\n" << endl;
// shuffle the elements in a random order.
// the pointer_to_unary_function adapter converts a function to a
// function object.
random_shuffle(start, end, pointer_to_unary_function<int, int>(Rand));
cout << "After calling random_shuffle:\n" << endl;
cout << "Numbers { ";
for(it = start; it != end; it++)
cout << *it << " ";
cout << " }\n" << endl;
}
程序输出:
Before calling random_shuffle
Numbers { 4 10 70 30 10 69 96 100 }
After calling random_shuffle
Numbers { 10 30 4 70 96 100 69 10 }
参考
有关函数random_shuffle
的详细信息,请访问 random_shuffle (STL 示例)。