通过编写提供程序向 WMI 提供数据

项目
07/03/2023

WMI 提供程序创建一组受支持的类、实例和事件，以便将数据传递给 WMI。反过来，管理应用程序或脚本可以调用提供程序方法来操作提供程序提供的数据。

下图演示了与 WMI 耦合的提供程序与应用程序之间的关系。

wmi、耦合的提供程序和应用程序之间的关系

以下过程介绍如何创建支持一组实例的简单提供程序。此处所述的提供程序注册为在 WMI 进程内运行。在某些情况下，请使用在不同的进程中运行的分离提供程序。有关提供程序托管模型的详细信息，请参阅提供程序托管和安全性。对于分离提供程序，以下过程中的步骤 1 和 2 有所不同，但在其他方面，它们使用的接口与进程内提供程序相同。有关详细信息，请参阅在应用程序中合并提供程序。

创建实例提供程序

使用托管对象格式 (MOF) 代码创建 __Win32Provider 类的实例，并提供提供程序的名称和 CLSID。有关详细信息，请参阅设计托管对象格式 (MOF) 类。

下面的代码示例演示如何创建 __Win32Provider 类的实例。
```
Instance of __Win32Provider as $P   // $P is an alias
{
  // Name that describes your provider
  Name        = "InstProvSamp" ;   
  ClsId   = "{22CB8761-914A-11cf-B705-00AA0062CBB7}" ;
} ;   
```
注意

若要确保在 WMI 发生故障并重启时将托管对象的所有 WMI 类定义还原到 WMI 存储库，请使用 MOF 文件中的 #pragma autorecover 语句预处理器指令。

有关详细信息，请参阅创建实例和注册实例提供程序。

创建 __InstanceProviderRegistration 类实例来描述实例提供程序的功能。

下面的代码示例演示如何创建 __InstanceProviderRegistration 类的实例。

instance of __InstanceProviderRegistration
{
  Provider = $P;                // Alias to the __Win32Provider
  SupportsPut = FALSE;          // Does not support the Put method
  SupportsGet = TRUE;           // Supports the Get method
  SupportsDelete = FALSE;       // Does not support the Delete method
  SupportsEnumeration = TRUE;   // Supports enumeration.
};

有关此 MOF 代码部分中的属性的详细信息，请参阅 __InstanceProviderRegistration 和 __ObjectProviderRegistration。

有关详细信息，请参阅注册实例提供程序。

使用 MOF 代码创建提供程序为其提供实例的动态类。

动态类是实例从提供程序接收更新的类。这些更新可以是常规更新，也可以链接到实例表示的对象中的偶发更改。可以通过自己的管理应用程序或 WMI 对象浏览器来查看对动态类实例的更改。

下面的代码示例描述了“InstProvSamp”提供程序支持的动态类。
```
[dynamic, provider("InstProvSamp"), // uses the InstProvSamp Provider
ClassContext("whatever!")]          // information is dynamically
                                    // supported by the provider
class InstProvSamp
{
  [key]
  // MyKey uniquely identifies this class
  String MyKey="HELLO";   

  // InstProvSamp dynamically updates MyValue
  [PropertyContext("Name")] 
  uint32 MyValue;
};
```
通过 MOF 编译器向 WMI 注册类。

在提供程序目录中的命令提示符下，键入以下命令以将示例 MOF 代码注册到 WMI。

mofcompinstprov.mof

有关详细信息，请参阅编译 MOF 文件。
定义 COM 对象以包含提供程序。本主题末尾的完整示例中包含了此步骤的示例代码。
1. 与任何 COM 对象一样，必须实现构造函数和解构函数，以及 QueryInterface、AddRef 和 Release 方法。
2. 在 COM 对象中实现 IWbemProviderInit::Initialize 方法。
  
  在此示例中，Initialize 的主要目的是将 m_pNamespace 成员设置为当前命名空间。有关命名空间的详细信息，请参阅在 WMI 中创建层次结构。
  
  接收器通过 IWbemProviderInit::Initialize 方法中的 pInitSink 参数传入，以声明提供程序已成功初始化。有关接收器的详细信息，请参阅 IWbemObjectSink 和调用方法。
3. 在 COM 对象中实现 IWbemServices::CreateInstanceEnumAsync 方法（尽管可以实现各种 IWbemServices 接口，但本主题末尾的示例仅实现 CreateInstanceEnumAsync）。具体而言，CreateInstanceEnumAsync 将指定对象的实例返回到 WMI。
4. 在 COM 对象中实现 GetObjectAsync 方法。
  
  在本主题末尾的示例中，GetObjectAsync 检查托管对象上的参数，检索指定的对象，执行错误检查，并将相应的代码返回到接收器。
使用 RegSvr32 将提供程序注册为 COM 对象。

在提供程序目录中的命令提示符下，键入以下内容：

regsvr32InstProv.dll

你的提供程序现已完成。此时，应能够从 WMI 中访问 InstProvSamp 类的实例。

下面的代码示例创建一个 COM 对象来包含提供程序，如上面的步骤 5 中所述。完整示例包含标题为 Sample.h 的头文件中的代码和标题为 Instprov.cpp、Utils.cpp、Classfac.cpp 和 Maindll.cpp 的源文件中的代码。

//*******************************************************************
//  sample.h
//  WMI Instance provider sample code
//
// Copyright (C) Microsoft. All Rights Reserved.
//
//*******************************************************************

#ifndef _sample_H_
#define _sample_H_

#include <wbemprov.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")

typedef LPVOID * PPVOID;

// Provider interfaces are provided by objects of this class
 
class CInstPro : public IWbemServices, public IWbemProviderInit
    {
    protected:
        ULONG m_cRef;         //Object reference count
        IWbemServices* m_pNamespace;
     public:
        CInstPro(BSTR ObjectPath = NULL, BSTR User = NULL, BSTR Password = NULL, IWbemContext * pCtx=NULL);
        ~CInstPro(void);

        //Non-delegating object IUnknown

        STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID, PPVOID);
        STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);
        STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);

        //IWbemProviderInit

        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Initialize(
             /* [in] */ LPWSTR pszUser,
             /* [in] */ LONG lFlags,
             /* [in] */ LPWSTR pszNamespace,
             /* [in] */ LPWSTR pszLocale,
             /* [in] */ IWbemServices *pNamespace,
             /* [in] */ IWbemContext *pCtx,
             /* [in] */ IWbemProviderInitSink *pInitSink
                        );

        SCODE GetByPath( BSTR             Path,
                         IWbemClassObject FAR* FAR* pObj,
                         IWbemContext     *pCtx);

        //IWbemServices  

        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OpenNamespace( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Namespace,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemServices __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppWorkingNamespace,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemCallResult __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppResult) 
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CancelAsyncCall( 
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pSink)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryObjectSink( 
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [out] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetObject( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR ObjectPath,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppObject,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemCallResult __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppCallResult)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetObjectAsync( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR ObjectPath,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler);
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE PutClass( 
            /* [in] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *pObject,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemCallResult __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppCallResult) 
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE PutClassAsync( 
            /* [in] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *pObject,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DeleteClass( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Class,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemCallResult __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppCallResult)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DeleteClassAsync( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Class,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CreateClassEnum( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Superclass,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [out] */ 
            IEnumWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppEnum)
            {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CreateClassEnumAsync( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Superclass,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE PutInstance( 
            /* [in] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *pInst,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemCallResult __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppCallResult)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE PutInstanceAsync( 
            /* [in] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *pInst,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DeleteInstance( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR ObjectPath,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [unique][in][out] */ IWbemCallResult __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppCallResult)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DeleteInstanceAsync( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR ObjectPath,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CreateInstanceEnum( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Class,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [out] */ IEnumWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppEnum)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CreateInstanceEnumAsync( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Class,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler);
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ExecQuery( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR QueryLanguage,
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Query,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [out] */ IEnumWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppEnum)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ExecQueryAsync( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR QueryLanguage,
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Query,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ExecNotificationQuery( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR QueryLanguage,
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Query,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [out] */ IEnumWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *ppEnum)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ExecNotificationQueryAsync( 
            /* [in] */ const BSTR QueryLanguage,
            /* [in] */ const BSTR Query,
            /* [in] */ long lFlags,
            /* [in] */ IWbemContext __RPC_FAR *pCtx,
            /* [in] */ IWbemObjectSink __RPC_FAR *pResponseHandler)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;};
        
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ExecMethod( const BSTR,
                                              const BSTR,
                                              long,
                                              IWbemContext*,
                                              IWbemClassObject*,
                                              IWbemClassObject**,
                                              IWbemCallResult**)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;}

        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ExecMethodAsync( const BSTR,
                                                   const BSTR,
                                                   long, 
                                                   IWbemContext*,
                                                   IWbemClassObject*,
                                                   IWbemObjectSink*)
        {return WBEM_E_NOT_SUPPORTED;}

};

typedef CInstPro *PCInstPro;

// This class is the class factory for CInstPro objects.

class CProvFactory : public IClassFactory
    {
    protected:
        ULONG m_cRef;

    public:
        CProvFactory(void);
        ~CProvFactory(void);

        //IUnknown members
        STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID, PPVOID);
        STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);
        STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);

        //IClassFactory members
        STDMETHODIMP CreateInstance(LPUNKNOWN, REFIID, PPVOID);
        STDMETHODIMP LockServer(BOOL);
    };

typedef CProvFactory *PCProvFactory;



// These variables keep track of
// when the module can be unloaded

extern long g_cObj;
extern long g_cLock;

// General purpose utilities.  

DWORD GetCurrentImpersonationLevel ();

             
SCODE CreateInst( IWbemServices * pNamespace,
                  LPWSTR pKey, long lVal,
                  IWbemClassObject ** pNewInst,
                  WCHAR * pwcClassName,
                  IWbemContext  *pCtx); 

typedef struct {
   WCHAR * pwcKey;
   long lValue;
   } InstDef;

extern InstDef MyDefs[];
extern long glNumInst;


#endif

Instpro.cpp 源文件包含的代码用于实现 Sample.h 头文件中声明的提供程序函数。

//*******************************************************************
//  INSTPRO.CPP
//
//  Module: WMI Instance provider sample code
//
//  Purpose: Defines the CInstPro class.  An object of this class is
//           created by the class factory for each connection.
// Copyright (C) Microsoft. All Rights Reserved.
//
//*******************************************************************
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0500


#include <objbase.h>
#include "sample.h"
#include <process.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#include <sddl.h>

InstDef MyDefs[] = {{L"a", 1}, {L"b", 2}, {L"c", 3}};

long glNumInst = sizeof(MyDefs)/sizeof(InstDef);

//*******************************************************************
//
// CInstPro::CInstPro
// CInstPro::~CInstPro
//
//*******************************************************************

CInstPro::CInstPro(BSTR ObjectPath,
                   BSTR User,
                   BSTR Password,
                   IWbemContext * pCtx)
{
    m_pNamespace = NULL;
    m_cRef=0;
    InterlockedIncrement(&g_cObj);
    return;
}

CInstPro::~CInstPro(void)
{
    if(m_pNamespace)
        m_pNamespace->Release();
    InterlockedDecrement(&g_cObj);
    return;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// CInstPro::QueryInterface
// CInstPro::AddRef
// CInstPro::Release
//
// Purpose: IUnknown members for CInstPro object.
//*******************************************************************


STDMETHODIMP CInstPro::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, PPVOID ppv)
{
    *ppv=NULL;

    // Because you have dual inheritance,
    // it is necessary to cast the return type

    if(riid== IID_IWbemServices)
       *ppv=(IWbemServices*)this;

    if(IID_IUnknown==riid || riid== IID_IWbemProviderInit)
       *ppv=(IWbemProviderInit*)this;
    

    if (NULL!=*ppv) 
    {
        AddRef();
        return NOERROR;
    }
    else
        return E_NOINTERFACE;
  
}


STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CInstPro::AddRef(void)
{
    return ++m_cRef;
}

STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CInstPro::Release(void)
{
    ULONG nNewCount = InterlockedDecrement((long *)&m_cRef);
    if (0L == nNewCount)
        delete this;
    
    return nNewCount;
}

/********************************************************************
*         
*   CInstPro::Initialize     
*                                                                    
*   Purpose: This is the implementation of IWbemProviderInit. 
*            The method is required to initialize with CIMOM.
*   
********************************************************************/

STDMETHODIMP CInstPro::Initialize(LPWSTR pszUser, 
                                  LONG lFlags,
                                  LPWSTR pszNamespace, 
                                  LPWSTR pszLocale,
                                  IWbemServices *pNamespace, 
                                  IWbemContext *pCtx,
                                  IWbemProviderInitSink *pInitSink)
{
    if(! pNamespace)
    {
        pInitSink->SetStatus(WBEM_E_FAILED , 0);
    }
    else
    {
        m_pNamespace = pNamespace;
        m_pNamespace->AddRef();
        pInitSink->SetStatus(WBEM_S_INITIALIZED, 0);
    }

    
    return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// CInstPro::CreateInstanceEnumAsync
//
// Purpose: Asynchronously enumerates the instances.  
//
//*******************************************************************

SCODE CInstPro::CreateInstanceEnumAsync( const BSTR RefStr,
                                         long lFlags,
                                         IWbemContext *pCtx,
                                         IWbemObjectSink FAR* pHandler)
{

    //Impersonate the client
    HRESULT hr = CoImpersonateClient () ;

    if ( FAILED ( hr ) )
    {
        pHandler->SetStatus ( 0 , hr , NULL , NULL ) ;
        return hr ;
    }

    // Check to see if call is at lower than 
    // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE level. If that is the case,
    // the provider will not be able to impersonate
    // the client to access the protected resources. 

    DWORD t_CurrentImpersonationLevel = 
        GetCurrentImpersonationLevel () ;
    if ( t_CurrentImpersonationLevel < RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE )
    {
        // Revert before you perform any operations 
        CoRevertToSelf () ;

        hr = WBEM_E_ACCESS_DENIED;
        pHandler->SetStatus ( 0 , hr , NULL , NULL ) ;
        return hr ;
    }

    SCODE sc;
    int iCnt;
    IWbemClassObject FAR* pNewInst;
  
    // Do a check of arguments and ensure
    // you have a pointer to Namespace

    if(pHandler == NULL || m_pNamespace == NULL)
        return WBEM_E_INVALID_PARAMETER;

    for(iCnt=0; iCnt < glNumInst; iCnt++)
    {
        sc = CreateInst(m_pNamespace,MyDefs[iCnt].pwcKey, MyDefs[iCnt].lValue, &pNewInst, RefStr, pCtx);
 
        if(sc != S_OK)
            break;

        // Send the object to the caller

        pHandler->Indicate(1,&pNewInst);
        pNewInst->Release();
    }

    // Set status

    pHandler->SetStatus(0,sc,NULL, NULL);

    return sc;
}


//*******************************************************************
//
// CInstPro::GetObjectByPath
// CInstPro::GetObjectByPathAsync
//
// Purpose: Creates an instance given a particular path value.
//
//*******************************************************************



SCODE CInstPro::GetObjectAsync(const BSTR      ObjectPath,
                               long            lFlags,
                               IWbemContext    *pCtx,
                               IWbemObjectSink FAR* pHandler)
{

    //Impersonate the client
    HRESULT hr = CoImpersonateClient () ;

    if ( FAILED ( hr ) )
    {
        pHandler->SetStatus ( 0 , hr , NULL , NULL ) ;
        return hr ;
    } 

    // Check to see if call is at the 
    // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IDENTIFY level. If that is the case,
    // the provider will not be able to impersonate
    // the client to access the protected resources.
    if (GetCurrentImpersonationLevel () == RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IDENTIFY)
    {
        hr = WBEM_E_ACCESS_DENIED;
        pHandler->SetStatus ( 0 , hr , NULL , NULL ) ;
        return hr ;
    }

    SCODE sc;
    IWbemClassObject FAR* pObj;
    BOOL bOK = FALSE;

    // Do a check of arguments and ensure
    // you have a pointer to Namespace

    if(ObjectPath == NULL || 
        pHandler == NULL || 
        m_pNamespace == NULL)
        return WBEM_E_INVALID_PARAMETER;

    // do the get, pass the object on to the notify
    
    sc = GetByPath(ObjectPath,&pObj, pCtx);
    if(sc == S_OK) 
    {
        pHandler->Indicate(1,&pObj);
        pObj->Release();
        bOK = TRUE;
    }

    sc = (bOK) ? S_OK : WBEM_E_NOT_FOUND;

    // Set Status

    pHandler->SetStatus(0,sc, NULL, NULL);

    return sc;
}
 
//*******************************************************************
//
// CInstPro::GetByPath
//
// Purpose: Creates an instance given a particular Path value.
//
//*******************************************************************

SCODE CInstPro::GetByPath(BSTR ObjectPath,
                          IWbemClassObject FAR* FAR* ppObj,
                          IWbemContext  *pCtx)
{
    SCODE sc = S_OK;
    
    int iCnt;

    // Do a simple path parse.  The path looks like
    // InstProvSamp.MyKey="a"
    // Create a test string with just the part between quotes.

    WCHAR wcTest[MAX_PATH+1];
    memset(wcTest, NULL, sizeof(wcTest));
    StringCbCopyW(wcTest, sizeof(wcTest), ObjectPath);

    WCHAR * pwcTest, * pwcCompare = NULL;
    int iNumQuotes = 0;
    for(pwcTest = wcTest; *pwcTest; pwcTest++)
        if(*pwcTest == L'\"')
        {
            iNumQuotes++;
            if(iNumQuotes == 1)
            {
                pwcCompare = pwcTest+1;
            }
            else if(iNumQuotes == 2)
            {
                *pwcTest = NULL;
                break;
            }
        }
        else if(*pwcTest == L'.')
            *pwcTest = NULL;    // isolate the class name.
    if(iNumQuotes != 2)
        return WBEM_E_FAILED;

    // check the instance list for a match.

    for(iCnt = 0; iCnt < glNumInst; iCnt++)
    {
        if(!_wcsicmp(MyDefs[iCnt].pwcKey, pwcCompare))
        {
            sc = CreateInst(m_pNamespace,MyDefs[iCnt].pwcKey, MyDefs[iCnt].lValue, ppObj, wcTest, pCtx);
            return sc;
        }
    }

    return WBEM_E_NOT_FOUND;
}

Utils.cpp 源文件包含的代码用于实现 Sample.h 头文件中声明的提供程序的实用工具函数。

//*******************************************************************
//  UTILS.CPP
//  Module: WMI Instance provider sample code
//  Purpose: General purpose utilities.  
// (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
//
//*******************************************************************

#include <objbase.h>
#include "sample.h"

//*******************************************************************
//
// CreateInst
//
// Purpose: Creates a new instance and sets
//          the initial values of the properties.
//
// Return:   S_OK if all is well, otherwise an error code is returned
//
//*******************************************************************

SCODE CreateInst(IWbemServices * pNamespace, 
                 LPWSTR pKey, 
                 long lVal, 
                 IWbemClassObject ** pNewInst,
                 WCHAR * pwcClassName,
                 IWbemContext  *pCtx)
{
    SCODE sc;
    IWbemClassObject * pClass = NULL;
    sc = pNamespace->GetObject(pwcClassName, 0, pCtx, &pClass, NULL);
    if(sc != S_OK)
        return WBEM_E_FAILED;
    sc = pClass->SpawnInstance(0, pNewInst);
    pClass->Release();
    if(FAILED(sc))
        return sc;
    VARIANT v;

    // Set the key property value.

    v.vt = VT_BSTR;
    v.bstrVal = SysAllocString(pKey);
    if (!v.bstrVal)
        return WBEM_E_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

    sc = (*pNewInst)->Put(L"MyKey", 0, &v, 0);
    VariantClear(&v);
    if(FAILED(sc))
        return sc;

    // Set the number property value.

    v.vt = VT_I4;
    v.lVal = lVal;
    sc = (*pNewInst)->Put(L"MyValue", 0, &v, 0);
    return sc;
}


/********************************************************************
 *
 * Name: GetCurrentImpersonationLevel
 * Description: Get COM impersonation level of caller. 
 *
 *******************************************************************/

DWORD GetCurrentImpersonationLevel ()
{
    DWORD t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_ANONYMOUS ;
    HANDLE t_ThreadToken = NULL ;
    BOOL t_Status = OpenThreadToken(GetCurrentThread(),TOKEN_QUERY,TRUE,&t_ThreadToken);

    if ( t_Status )
    {
        SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL t_Level = SecurityAnonymous ;
        DWORD t_Returned = 0 ;

        t_Status = GetTokenInformation( t_ThreadToken, 
                                        TokenImpersonationLevel, 
                                        &t_Level, 
                                        sizeof(SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL),
                                        &t_Returned);

        CloseHandle ( t_ThreadToken ) ;

        if ( t_Status == FALSE )
        {
            t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_ANONYMOUS ;
        }
        else
        {
            switch ( t_Level )
            {
                case SecurityAnonymous:
                {
                    t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_ANONYMOUS;
                }
                break;

                case SecurityIdentification:
                {
                    t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IDENTIFY;
                }
                break ;

                case SecurityImpersonation:
                {
                    t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE;
                }
                break ;

                case SecurityDelegation:
                {
                    t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_DELEGATE ;
                }
                break ;

                default:
                {
                    t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_ANONYMOUS ;
                }
                break ;
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        ULONG t_LastError = GetLastError () ;

        if ( t_LastError == ERROR_NO_IMPERSONATION_TOKEN ||
            t_LastError == ERROR_NO_TOKEN )
        {
            t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_DELEGATE ;
        }
        else 
        {
            if ( t_LastError == ERROR_CANT_OPEN_ANONYMOUS )
            {
                t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_ANONYMOUS ;
            }
            else
            {
                t_ImpersonationLevel = RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_ANONYMOUS ;
            }
        }
    }

    return t_ImpersonationLevel ;
}

Classfac.cpp 源文件包含用于在请求连接时创建对象的代码。

//*******************************************************************
//
//  CLASSFAC.CPP
//  Module: WMI Instance provider sample code
//  Purpose: Contains the class factory.  This creates objects when
//           connections are requested.
// Copyright (C) Microsoft. All Rights Reserved.
//
//*******************************************************************

#include <objbase.h>
#include "sample.h"

//*******************************************************************
//
// CProvFactory::CProvFactory
// CProvFactory::~CProvFactory
//
// Constructor Parameters:
//  None
//*******************************************************************

CProvFactory::CProvFactory()
{
    m_cRef=0L;
    return;
}

CProvFactory::~CProvFactory(void)
{
    return;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// CProvFactory::QueryInterface
// CProvFactory::AddRef
// CProvFactory::Release
//
// Purpose: Standard Ole routines needed for all interfaces
//
//*******************************************************************


STDMETHODIMP CProvFactory::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, PPVOID ppv)
{
    *ppv=NULL;

    if (IID_IUnknown==riid || IID_IClassFactory==riid)
        *ppv=this;

    if (NULL!=*ppv)
        {
        ((LPUNKNOWN)*ppv)->AddRef();
        return NOERROR;
        }

    return E_NOINTERFACE;
}

STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CProvFactory::AddRef(void)
{
    return ++m_cRef;
}

STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CProvFactory::Release(void)
{
    ULONG nNewCount = InterlockedDecrement((long *)&m_cRef);
    if (0L == nNewCount)
        delete this;
    
    return nNewCount;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// CProvFactory::CreateInstance
//
// Purpose: Instantiates a Locator object
// and returns an interface pointer.
//
// Parameters:
//  pUnkOuter       LPUNKNOWN to the controlling IUnknown if 
//                  being used in an aggregation.
//  riid            REFIID identifies the interface the caller
//                  desires to have for the new object.
//  ppvObj          PPVOID in which to store the desired
//                  interface pointer for the new object.
//
// Return Value:
//  HRESULT         NOERROR if successful, otherwise E_NOINTERFACE
//                  if you cannot support the requested interface.
//*******************************************************************

STDMETHODIMP CProvFactory::CreateInstance(LPUNKNOWN pUnkOuter, REFIID riid, PPVOID ppvObj)
{
    CInstPro *   pObj;
    HRESULT hr;

    *ppvObj=NULL;

    // This object does not support aggregation.

    if (NULL!=pUnkOuter)
        return CLASS_E_NOAGGREGATION;

    // Create the locator object.
    
    pObj=new CInstPro();
    if (NULL==pObj)
        return E_OUTOFMEMORY;

    hr=pObj->QueryInterface(riid, ppvObj);

    //Kill the object if initial creation or Init failed.

    if (FAILED(hr))
        delete pObj;
    return hr;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// CProvFactory::LockServer
//
// Purpose:
//  Increments or decrements the lock count of the DLL.  If the
//  lock count goes to zero and there are no objects, the DLL
//  is allowed to unload.  See DllCanUnloadNow.
//
// Parameters:
//  fLock           BOOL specifying whether to increment or
//                  decrement the lock count.
//
// Return Value:
//  HRESULT         NOERROR always.
//*******************************************************************


STDMETHODIMP CProvFactory::LockServer(BOOL fLock)
{
    if (fLock)
        InterlockedIncrement(&g_cLock);
    else
        InterlockedDecrement(&g_cLock);
    return NOERROR;
}

Maindll.cpp 源文件包含的代码通过跟踪对象和锁定的数量来控制可以卸载的 DLL，还控制支持自注册的例程。

//*******************************************************************
//  MAINDLL.CPP
//  Module: WMI Instance provider sample code
//  Purpose: Contains DLL entry points.  Also has code that controls
//           when the DLL can be unloaded by tracking the number of
//           objects and locks as well as routines that support
//           self registration.
//
// Copyright (C) Microsoft. All Rights Reserved.
//
//*******************************************************************

#include <objbase.h>
#include <initguid.h>
#include <strsafe.h>

#include "sample.h"

HMODULE ghModule;

// TODO, GuidGen should be used to generate a unique number for any 
// providers that are going to be used for anything more extensive 
// than just testing.

DEFINE_GUID(CLSID_instprovider, 0x22cb8761, 0x914a, 0x11cf, 0xb7, 0x5, 0x0, 0xaa, 0x0, 0x62, 0xcb, 0xb7);
// {22CB8761-914A-11cf-B705-00AA0062CBB7}

//Count number of objects and number of locks.

long       g_cObj=0;
long       g_cLock=0;

//*******************************************************************
//
// LibMain32
//
// Purpose: Entry point for DLL.
//
// Return: TRUE if OK.
//
//*******************************************************************


BOOL WINAPI LibMain32(HINSTANCE hInstance, ULONG ulReason, LPVOID pvReserved)
{
    if (DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH==ulReason)
        ghModule = hInstance;
    return TRUE;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
//  DllGetClassObject
//
//  Purpose: Called by Ole when some client wants a class factory.
//           Return one only if it is the sort of
//           class this DLL supports.
//
//*******************************************************************


STDAPI DllGetClassObject(REFCLSID rclsid, REFIID riid, PPVOID ppv)
{
    HRESULT hr;
    CProvFactory *pObj;

    if (CLSID_instprovider!=rclsid)
        return E_FAIL;

    pObj=new CProvFactory();

    if (NULL==pObj)
        return E_OUTOFMEMORY;

    hr=pObj->QueryInterface(riid, ppv);

    if (FAILED(hr))
        delete pObj;

    return hr;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// DllCanUnloadNow
//
// Purpose: Called periodically by Ole to determine if the
//          DLL can be freed.
//
// Return:  S_OK if there are no objects in use and the class factory 
//          is not locked.
//
//*******************************************************************

STDAPI DllCanUnloadNow(void)
{
    SCODE   sc;

    //It is OK to unload if there are no objects or locks on the 
    // class factory.
    
    sc=(0L==g_cObj && 0L==g_cLock) ? S_OK : S_FALSE;
    return sc;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// DllRegisterServer
//
// Purpose: Called during setup or by regsvr32.
//
// Return:  NOERROR if registration successful, error otherwise.
//*******************************************************************

STDAPI DllRegisterServer(void)
{   
    char       szID[128];
    WCHAR      wcID[128];
    char       szCLSID[128];
    TCHAR       szModule[MAX_PATH + 1];
    const char * pName = "WMI Sample Instance Provider";
    const char * pModel = "Both";
    HKEY hKey1, hKey2;


    // Create the path.

    memset(wcID, NULL, sizeof(wcID));
    memset(szID, NULL, sizeof(szID)); 
    StringFromGUID2(CLSID_instprovider, wcID, sizeof(wcID)/sizeof(WCHAR));
    wcstombs(szID, wcID, sizeof(szID)); 
    StringCbCopy(szCLSID, sizeof(szCLSID), "Software\\classes\\CLSID\\");
    StringCbCat(szCLSID, sizeof(szCLSID), (LPCTSTR)szID);

    // Create entries under CLSID

    LONG lRet = RegCreateKeyEx( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, 
                                szCLSID, 
                                0, 
                                NULL,
                                REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE, 
                                KEY_WRITE, 
                                NULL, 
                                &hKey1, 
                                NULL );
    if (lRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    lRet = RegSetValueEx(hKey1, NULL, 0, REG_SZ, (BYTE *)pName, strlen(pName)+1);
    if (lRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        RegCloseKey(hKey1);
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    lRet = RegCreateKeyEx( hKey1, "InprocServer32", 0, NULL, REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE, KEY_WRITE, NULL, &hKey2, NULL );
    if (lRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        RegCloseKey(hKey1);
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    memset(&szModule, NULL, sizeof(szModule));
    GetModuleFileName(ghModule, szModule, sizeof(szModule)/sizeof(TCHAR) - 1);

    lRet = RegSetValueEx(hKey2, NULL, 0, REG_SZ, (BYTE *)szModule, strlen(szModule)+1);
    if (lRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        RegCloseKey(hKey2);
        RegCloseKey(hKey1);
        return E_FAIL;
    }
    
    lRet = RegSetValueEx(hKey2, "ThreadingModel", 0, REG_SZ, (BYTE *)pModel, strlen(pModel)+1);
    if (lRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        RegCloseKey(hKey2);
        RegCloseKey(hKey1);
        return E_FAIL;
    }
    RegCloseKey(hKey1);
    RegCloseKey(hKey2);
    return NOERROR;
}

//*******************************************************************
//
// DllUnregisterServer
//
// Purpose: Called when it is time to remove the registry entries.
//
// Return:  NOERROR if registration successful, error otherwise.
//*******************************************************************

STDAPI DllUnregisterServer(void)
{
    TCHAR szID[128];
    WCHAR wcID[128];
    TCHAR szCLSID[128];
    HKEY hKey;

    // Create the path using the CLSID

    memset(wcID, NULL, sizeof(wcID));
    memset(szID, NULL, sizeof(szID)); 
    StringFromGUID2(CLSID_instprovider, wcID, sizeof(wcID)/sizeof(WCHAR));
    wcstombs(szID, wcID, sizeof(szID)); 
    StringCbCopy(szCLSID, sizeof(szCLSID), "Software\\classes\\CLSID\\");
    StringCbCat(szCLSID, sizeof(szCLSID), (LPCTSTR)szID);


    // First delete the InProcServer subkey.

    DWORD dwRet = RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, szCLSID, 0, KEY_WRITE, &hKey);
    if(dwRet == NO_ERROR)
    {
        RegDeleteKey(hKey, "InProcServer32");
        RegCloseKey(hKey);
    }

    dwRet = RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "Software\\classes\\CLSID", 0, KEY_WRITE, &hKey);
    if(dwRet == NO_ERROR)
    {
        RegDeleteKey(hKey,szID);
        RegCloseKey(hKey);
    }

    return NOERROR;
}

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