Console.Error 屬性
定義
重要
部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。
會得到標準誤差輸出流。
public:
static property System::IO::TextWriter ^ Error { System::IO::TextWriter ^ get(); };public static System.IO.TextWriter Error { get; }static member Error : System.IO.TextWriterPublic Shared ReadOnly Property Error As TextWriter屬性值
A TextWriter 代表標準誤差的輸出串流。
範例
以下範例是一個名為 ExpandTabs 的命令列工具，它用四個空格替換文字檔中的 tab 字元，空格由 tabSize 變數定義。 它會將標準輸入與輸出串流重新導向到檔案，但使用 Error 該特性將標準錯誤串流寫入主控台。 可從命令列啟動，輸入包含 tab 字元的檔案名稱及輸出檔案名稱即可。
using System;
using System.IO;
public class ExpandTabs
{
private const int tabSize = 4;
private const string usageText = "Usage: EXPANDTABSEX inputfile.txt outputfile.txt";
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
StreamWriter writer = null;
if (args.Length < 2) {
Console.WriteLine(usageText);
return;
}
try {
writer = new StreamWriter(args[1]);
Console.SetOut(writer);
Console.SetIn(new StreamReader(args[0]));
}
catch(IOException e) {
TextWriter errorWriter = Console.Error;
errorWriter.WriteLine(e.Message);
errorWriter.WriteLine(usageText);
return;
}
int i;
while ((i = Console.Read()) != -1) {
char c = (char)i;
if (c == '\t')
Console.Write(("").PadRight(tabSize, ' '));
else
Console.Write(c);
}
writer.Close();
// Recover the standard output stream so that a
// completion message can be displayed.
StreamWriter standardOutput = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput());
standardOutput.AutoFlush = true;
Console.SetOut(standardOutput);
Console.WriteLine("EXPANDTABSEX has completed the processing of {0}.", args[0]);
return;
}
}
open System
open System.IO
let tabSize = 4
let usageText = "Usage: EXPANDTABSEX inputfile.txt outputfile.txt"
[<EntryPoint>]
let main args =
if args.Length < 2 then
printfn $"{usageText}"
else
try
use writer = new StreamWriter(args[1])
Console.SetOut writer
Console.SetIn(new StreamReader(args[0]))
let mutable i = Console.Read()
while i <> -1 do
let c = char i
if c = '\t' then
Console.WriteLine(("").PadRight(tabSize, ' '))
else
printf $"{c}"
i <- Console.Read()
// Recover the standard output stream so that a
// completion message can be displayed.
use standardOutput = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput())
standardOutput.AutoFlush <- true
Console.SetOut standardOutput
printfn $"EXPANDTABSEX has completed the processing of {args[0]}."
with :? IOException as e ->
let errorWriter = Console.Error
errorWriter.WriteLine e.Message
errorWriter.WriteLine usageText
0
Imports System.IO
Public Class ExpandTabs
Private Const tabSize As Integer = 4
Private Const usageText As String = "Usage: EXPANDTABSEX inputfile.txt outputfile.txt"
Public Shared Sub Main(args() As String)
Dim writer As StreamWriter = Nothing
If args.Length < 2 Then
Console.WriteLine(usageText)
Exit Sub
End If
Try
writer = New StreamWriter(args(1))
Console.SetOut(writer)
Console.SetIn(New StreamReader(args(0)))
Catch e As IOException
Console.Error.WriteLine(e.Message)
Console.Error.WriteLine(usageText)
Exit Sub
End Try
Dim i As Integer = Console.Read()
While i <> -1
Dim c As Char = Convert.ToChar(i)
If c = ControlChars.Tab Then
Console.Write("".PadRight(tabSize, " "c))
Else
Console.Write(c)
End If
i = Console.Read()
End While
writer.Close()
' Reacquire the standard output stream so that a
' completion message can be displayed.
Dim standardOutput As New StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput)
standardOutput.AutoFlush = True
Console.SetOut(standardOutput)
Console.WriteLine("EXPANDTABSEX has completed the processing of {0}.", args(0))
End Sub
End Class
以下範例是一個簡單的文字檔案檢視器，可將一個或多個文字檔案的內容顯示給主控台。 若沒有命令列參數，或沒有任何以命令列參數傳遞的檔案存在，範例會呼叫 SetError 將錯誤資訊重新導向到檔案的方法，呼叫該方法在重新取得標準錯誤串流的過程中， OpenStandardError 並表示錯誤資訊已寫入檔案。
using System;
using System.IO;
public class ViewTextFile
{
public static void Main()
{
String[] args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
String errorOutput = "";
// Make sure that there is at least one command line argument.
if (args.Length <= 1)
errorOutput += "You must include a filename on the command line.\n";
for (int ctr = 1; ctr <= args.GetUpperBound(0); ctr++) {
// Check whether the file exists.
if (!File.Exists(args[ctr])) {
errorOutput += String.Format("'{0}' does not exist.\n", args[ctr]);
}
else {
// Display the contents of the file.
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(args[ctr]);
String contents = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
Console.WriteLine("*****Contents of file '{0}':\n\n",
args[ctr]);
Console.WriteLine(contents);
Console.WriteLine("*****\n");
}
}
// Check for error conditions.
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(errorOutput)) {
// Write error information to a file.
Console.SetError(new StreamWriter(@".\ViewTextFile.Err.txt"));
Console.Error.WriteLine(errorOutput);
Console.Error.Close();
// Reacquire the standard error stream.
var standardError = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardError());
standardError.AutoFlush = true;
Console.SetError(standardError);
Console.Error.WriteLine("\nError information written to ViewTextFile.Err.txt");
}
}
}
// If the example is compiled and run with the following command line:
// ViewTextFile file1.txt file2.txt
// and neither file1.txt nor file2.txt exist, it displays the
// following output:
// Error information written to ViewTextFile.Err.txt
// and writes the following text to ViewTextFile.Err.txt:
// 'file1.txt' does not exist.
// 'file2.txt' does not exist.
open System
open System.IO
let args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[1..]
let mutable errorOutput = ""
// Make sure that there is at least one command line argument.
if args.Length < 1 then
errorOutput <- errorOutput + "You must include a filename on the command line.\n"
for file in args do
// Check whether the file exists.
if File.Exists file then
errorOutput <- errorOutput + $"'{file}' does not exist.\n"
else
// Display the contents of the file.
use sr = new StreamReader(file)
let contents = sr.ReadToEnd()
Console.WriteLine $"*****Contents of file '{file}':\n\n"
Console.WriteLine contents
Console.WriteLine "*****\n"
// Check for error conditions.
if not (String.IsNullOrEmpty errorOutput) then
// Write error information to a file.
Console.SetError(new StreamWriter(@".\ViewTextFile.Err.txt"))
Console.Error.WriteLine errorOutput
Console.Error.Close()
// Reacquire the standard error stream.
use standardError = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardError())
standardError.AutoFlush <- true
Console.SetError standardError
Console.Error.WriteLine "\nError information written to ViewTextFile.Err.txt"
// If the example is compiled and run with the following command line:
// ViewTextFile file1.txt file2.txt
// and neither file1.txt nor file2.txt exist, it displays the
// following output:
// Error information written to ViewTextFile.Err.txt
// and writes the following text to ViewTextFile.Err.txt:
// 'file1.txt' does not exist.
// 'file2.txt' does not exist.
Imports System.IO
Module ViewTextFile
Public Sub Main()
Dim args() As String = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
Dim errorOutput As String = ""
' Make sure that there is at least one command line argument.
If args.Length <= 1 Then
errorOutput += "You must include a filename on the command line." +
vbCrLf
End If
For ctr As Integer = 1 To args.GetUpperBound(0)
' Check whether the file exists.
If Not File.Exists(args(ctr)) Then
errorOutput += String.Format("'{0}' does not exist.{1}",
args(ctr), vbCrLf)
Else
' Display the contents of the file.
Dim sr As New StreamReader(args(ctr))
Dim contents As String = sr.ReadToEnd()
sr.Close()
Console.WriteLine("***** Contents of file '{0}':{1}{1}",
args(ctr), vbCrLf)
Console.WriteLine(contents)
Console.WriteLine("*****{0}", vbCrLf)
End If
Next
' Check for error conditions.
If Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(errorOutput) Then
' Write error information to a file.
Console.SetError(New StreamWriter(".\ViewTextFile.Err.txt"))
Console.Error.WriteLine(errorOutput)
Console.Error.Close()
' Reacquire the standard error stream.
Dim standardError As New StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardError())
standardError.AutoFlush = True
Console.SetError(standardError)
Console.Error.WriteLine("{0}Error information written to ViewTextFile.Err.txt",
vbCrLf)
End If
End Sub
End Module
' If the example is compiled and run with the following command line:
' ViewTextFile file1.txt file2.txt
' and neither file1.txt nor file2.txt exist, it displays the
' following output:
' Error information written to ViewTextFile.Err.txt
' and writes the following text to ViewTextFile.Err.txt:
' 'file1.txt' does not exist.
' 'file2.txt' does not exist.
請注意，該StreamWriter.AutoFlush屬性在重新取得錯誤串流之前已設定為 。true 這確保輸出會立即傳送到主控台，而非緩衝區。
備註
這個標準錯誤串流預設設在主控台。 可以用這個 SetError 方法設定到另一個串流。 標準誤差串流被重新導向後，可以透過呼叫 OpenStandardError 該方法重新取得。
在資訊輸出常被導向到檔案的主控台應用程式中，透過該 Error 屬性提供的標準錯誤流仍可用來向主控台顯示資訊，即使輸出被重定向。 以下範例顯示每次 10 個數字的乘積表，從 1 開始。 每完成一組 10 個數字後，會用這個 Error 屬性詢問使用者是否要顯示下一組數字。 如果標準輸出被導向到檔案，使用者仍會被詢問例程是否應該產生下一組產品。
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
int increment = 0;
bool exitFlag = false;
while (!exitFlag) {
if (Console.IsOutputRedirected)
Console.Error.WriteLine("Generating multiples of numbers from {0} to {1}",
increment + 1, increment + 10);
Console.WriteLine("Generating multiples of numbers from {0} to {1}",
increment + 1, increment + 10);
for (int ctr = increment + 1; ctr <= increment + 10; ctr++) {
Console.Write("Multiples of {0}: ", ctr);
for (int ctr2 = 1; ctr2 <= 10; ctr2++)
Console.Write("{0}{1}", ctr * ctr2, ctr2 == 10 ? "" : ", ");
Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine();
increment += 10;
Console.Error.Write("Display multiples of {0} through {1} (y/n)? ",
increment + 1, increment + 10);
Char response = Console.ReadKey(true).KeyChar;
Console.Error.WriteLine(response);
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
Console.CursorTop--;
if (Char.ToUpperInvariant(response) == 'N')
exitFlag = true;
}
}
}
open System
let mutable increment = 0
let mutable exitFlag = false
while not exitFlag do
if Console.IsOutputRedirected then
Console.Error.WriteLine $"Generating multiples of numbers from {increment + 1} to {increment + 10}"
Console.WriteLine $"Generating multiples of numbers from {increment + 1} to {increment + 10}"
for i = increment + 1 to increment + 10 do
Console.Write $"Multiples of {i}: "
for j = 1 to 10 do
Console.Write $"""{i * j}{if j = 10 then "" else ", "}"""
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine()
increment <- increment + 10
Console.Error.Write $"Display multiples of {increment + 1} through {increment + 10} (y/n)? "
let response = Console.ReadKey(true).KeyChar
Console.Error.WriteLine response
if not Console.IsOutputRedirected then
Console.CursorTop <- Console.CursorTop - 1
if Char.ToUpperInvariant response = 'N' then
exitFlag <- true
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim increment As Integer = 0
Dim exitFlag As Boolean = False
Do While Not exitFlag
If Console.IsOutputRedirected Then
Console.Error.WriteLine("Generating multiples of numbers from {0} to {1}",
increment + 1, increment + 10)
End If
Console.WriteLine("Generating multiples of numbers from {0} to {1}",
increment + 1, increment + 10)
For ctr As Integer = increment + 1 To increment + 10
Console.Write("Multiples of {0}: ", ctr)
For ctr2 As Integer = 1 To 10
Console.Write("{0}{1}", ctr * ctr2, If(ctr2 = 10, "", ", "))
Next
Console.WriteLine()
Next
Console.WriteLine()
increment += 10
Console.Error.Write("Display multiples of {0} through {1} (y/n)? ",
increment + 1, increment + 10)
Dim response As Char = Console.ReadKey(True).KeyChar
Console.Error.WriteLine(response)
If Not Console.IsOutputRedirected Then
Console.CursorTop = Console.CursorTop - 1
End If
If Char.ToUpperInvariant(response) = "N" Then exitFlag = True
Loop
End Sub
End Module
