Task.FromException 方法

定義

命名空間:

System.Threading.Tasks

組件:

netstandard.dll, System.Runtime.dll

多載

名稱	Description
FromException(Exception)	建立 Task 一個已完成且有指定例外的
FromException<TResult>(Exception)	建立 Task<TResult> 一個已完成且有指定例外的

FromException(Exception)

來源:

Task.cs

建立 Task 一個已完成且有指定例外的

public:
 static System::Threading::Tasks::Task ^ FromException(Exception ^ exception);

public static System.Threading.Tasks.Task FromException(Exception exception);

static member FromException : Exception -> System.Threading.Tasks.Task

Public Shared Function FromException (exception As Exception) As Task

參數

exception

Exception

完成任務的例外。

傳回

Task

錯誤的任務。

備註

此方法創造一個 Task 物件，其 Status 屬性為 ， Faulted 且 Exception 其性質包含 exception。 這種方法通常用於你立刻知道任務執行的工作會在執行較長的程式碼路徑前拋出例外。 舉例來說，請參考過載。FromException<TResult>(Exception)

FromException<TResult>(Exception)

來源:

Task.cs

建立 Task<TResult> 一個已完成且有指定例外的

public:
generic <typename TResult>
 static System::Threading::Tasks::Task<TResult> ^ FromException(Exception ^ exception);

public static System.Threading.Tasks.Task<TResult> FromException<TResult>(Exception exception);

static member FromException : Exception -> System.Threading.Tasks.Task<'Result>

Public Shared Function FromException(Of TResult) (exception As Exception) As Task(Of TResult)

類型參數

TResult

任務所回傳的結果類型。

參數

exception

Exception

完成任務的例外。

傳回

Task<TResult>

錯誤的任務。

範例

以下範例是一個命令列工具，計算每個目錄中以命令列參數傳遞的檔案位元組數。 本範例不需執行較長的程式碼路徑來實例化物件 FileInfo 並取得目錄中每個檔案的屬性值 FileInfo.Length ，而是直接呼叫 FromException<TResult>(Exception) 該方法，若特定子目錄不存在，則建立錯誤任務。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string[] args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
      if (args.Length > 1) {
         List<Task<long>> tasks = new List<Task<long>>();
         for (int ctr = 1; ctr < args.Length; ctr++)
            tasks.Add(GetFileLengthsAsync(args[ctr]));

         try {
            Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray());
         }
         // Ignore exceptions here.
         catch (AggregateException) {}

         for (int ctr = 0 ; ctr < tasks.Count; ctr++) {
            if (tasks[ctr].Status == TaskStatus.Faulted)
               Console.WriteLine("{0} does not exist", args[ctr + 1]);
            else
               Console.WriteLine("{0:N0} bytes in files in '{1}'",
                                 tasks[ctr].Result, args[ctr + 1]);
         }
      }
      else {
         Console.WriteLine("Syntax error: Include one or more file paths.");
      }
   }

   private static Task<long> GetFileLengthsAsync(string filePath)
   {
      if (!Directory.Exists(filePath)) {
         return Task.FromException<long>(
                     new DirectoryNotFoundException("Invalid directory name."));
      }
      else {
         string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(filePath);
         if (files.Length == 0)
            return Task.FromResult(0L);
         else
            return Task.Run( () => { long total = 0;
                                     Parallel.ForEach(files, (fileName) => {
                                                 var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open,
                                                                         FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite,
                                                                         256, true);
                                                 long length = fs.Length;
                                                 Interlocked.Add(ref total, length);
                                                 fs.Close(); } );
                                     return total;
                                   } );
      }
   }
}
// When launched with the following command line arguments:
//      subdir . newsubdir
// the example displays output like the following:
//       0 bytes in files in 'subdir'
//       2,059 bytes in files in '.'
//       newsubdir does not exist

open System
open System.IO
open System.Threading
open System.Threading.Tasks

let getFileLengthsAsync filePath =
    if Directory.Exists filePath |> not then
        DirectoryNotFoundException "Invalid directory name."
        |> Task.FromException<int64>

    else
        let files = Directory.GetFiles filePath

        if files.Length = 0 then
            Task.FromResult 0L
        else
            Task.Run(fun () ->
                let mutable total = 0L

                Parallel.ForEach(
                    files,
                    fun fileName ->
                        use fs =
                            new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite, 256, true)

                        Interlocked.Add(ref total, fs.Length) |> ignore
                )
                |> ignore

                total)

let args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[1..]

if args.Length > 0 then
    let tasks = Array.map getFileLengthsAsync args

    try
        Seq.cast tasks |> Seq.toArray |> Task.WaitAll

    // Ignore exceptions here.
    with :? AggregateException ->
        ()

    for i = 0 to tasks.Length - 1 do
        if tasks[i].Status = TaskStatus.Faulted then
            printfn $"{args[i + 1]} does not exist"
        else
            printfn $"{tasks[i].Result:N0} bytes in files in '{args[i + 1]}'"
else
    printfn "Syntax error: Include one or more file paths."

// When launched with the following command line arguments:
//      subdir . newsubdir
// the example displays output like the following:
//       0 bytes in files in 'subdir'
//       2,059 bytes in files in '.'
//       newsubdir does not exist

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Threading.Tasks

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim args() As String = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
      If args.Length > 1 Then
         Dim tasks As New List(Of Task(Of Long))
         For ctr = 1 To args.Length - 1
            tasks.Add(GetFileLengthsAsync(args(ctr)))
         Next
         Try
            Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray())
         ' Ignore exceptions here.
         Catch e As AggregateException
         End Try

         For ctr As Integer = 0 To tasks.Count - 1
            If tasks(ctr).Status = TaskStatus.Faulted Then
               Console.WriteLine("{0} does not exist", args(ctr + 1))
            Else
               Console.WriteLine("{0:N0} bytes in files in '{1}'",
                                 tasks(ctr).Result, args(ctr + 1))
            End If
         Next
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("Syntax error: Include one or more file paths.")
      End If
   End Sub
   
   Private Function GetFileLengthsAsync(filePath As String) As Task(Of Long)
      If Not Directory.Exists(filePath) Then
         Return Task.FromException(Of Long)(
                     New DirectoryNotFoundException("Invalid directory name."))
      Else
         Dim files As String() = Directory.GetFiles(filePath)
         If files.Length = 0 Then
            Return Task.FromResult(0L)
         Else
            Return Task.Run( Function()
                                Dim total As Long = 0
                                Dim lockObj As New Object
                                Parallel.ForEach(files, Sub(fileName)
                                                           Dim fs As New FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open,
                                                                     FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite,
                                                                     256, True)
                                                           Dim length As Long = fs.Length
                                                           Interlocked.Add(total, length)
                                                           fs.Close()
                                                        End Sub)
                                Return total
                             End Function )
         End If
      End If
   End Function
End Module
' When launched with the following command line arguments:
'      subdir . newsubdir
' the example displays output like the following:
'       0 bytes in files in 'subdir'
'       2,059 bytes in files in '.'
'       newsubdir does not exist

備註

此方法創造一個 Task<TResult> 物件，其 Status 屬性為 ， Faulted 且 Exception 其性質包含 exception。 這種方法通常用於你立刻知道任務執行的工作會在執行較長的程式碼路徑前拋出例外。 此範例提供圖例。