適用於:
Databricks SQL
Databricks Runtime
改變與檢視相關聯的元數據。 它可以變更檢視的定義、將檢視的名稱變更為不同的名稱、設定或移除TBLPROPERTIES之檢視的元數據。
若要在視圖上新增或變更註解,請使用 COMMENT ON。
如果快取檢視,命令會清除檢視的快取數據,以及參考該檢視的所有相依專案。 下次存取檢視時,檢視的快取將會延遲填滿。 命令會將檢視的依賴項保留為未緩存。
語法
ALTER VIEW view_name
{ rename |
SET TBLPROPERTIES clause |
UNSET TBLPROPERTIES clause |
alter_body |
schema_binding |
owner_to |
SET TAGS clause |
UNSET TAGS clause }
rename
RENAME TO to_view_name
alter_body
AS { query | yaml_definition }
yaml_definition
$$
yaml_string
$$
schema_binding
WITH SCHEMA { BINDING | [ TYPE ] EVOLUTION | COMPENSATION }
property_key
{ idenitifier [. ...] | string_literal }
owner_to
[ SET ] OWNER TO principal
參數
-
識別要改變的檢視。 如果找不到檢視,Azure Databricks 就會 引發TABLE_OR_VIEW_NOT_FOUND 錯誤。
重新命名為 to_view_name
將現有的檢視重新命名為
to_view_name。針對 Unity 目錄檢視,
to_view_name必須在與view_name相同的目錄中。 對於其他檢視,to_view_name必須在與view_name相同的架構內。如果
to_view_name未限定,則會隱含以當前結構限定。具體化檢視無法重新命名。
設定或重設一個或多個使用者定義的屬性。
-
移除一個或多個使用者定義的屬性。
AS 查詢
從基表或其他視圖建構檢視的查詢。
AS query不支援計量檢視功能。這個子句相當於 現有檢視上的 CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW 語句,但檢視上授與的許可權會保留。
作為yaml_definition
適用於:
Databricks SQL
Databricks Runtime 16.4 和更高版本
Unity Catalog 仅适用計量檢視的yaml_definition。
這個子句相當於 現有檢視上的 CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW 語句,但檢視上授與的許可權會保留。
-
適用於:
Databricks SQL
Databricks Runtime 15.3 和更新版本指定後續查詢如何適應由於基礎物件定義變更而對檢視架構所做的更改。 請參閱 CREATE VIEW...WITH SCHEMA 如需架構系結模式的詳細數據。
此子句不適用於計量檢視。
[ SET ] 擁有者 至 主要
將檢視的擁有權轉移至
principal。 除非檢視是在 中hive_metastore定義,否則您只能將擁有權轉移至您所屬的群組。適用於:
Databricks SQL
Databricks Runtime 11.3 LTS 和更新版本允許
SET作為可選關鍵字。SET TAGS ( { tag_name = tag_value } [, ...] )
將標籤套用至檢視。 您必須具有
APPLY TAG將標籤新增至檢視的許可權。適用於:
Databricks SQL
Databricks Runtime 13.3 LTS 和更新版本UNSET TAGS (tag_name [, ...] )
從資料表中移除標籤。 您需要有
APPLY TAG許可權才能從檢視中移除標籤。適用於:
Databricks SQL
Databricks Runtime 13.3 LTS 和更新版本tag_name
常值
STRING。 在tag_name檢視中必須是唯一的。tag_value
常值
STRING。
範例
-- Rename only changes the view name.
-- The source and target schemas of the view have to be the same.
-- Use qualified or unqualified name for the source and target view.
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v1 RENAME TO tempsc1.v2;
-- Verify that the new view is created.
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
-- Before ALTER VIEW SET TBLPROPERTIES
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int null
c2 string null
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Table Properties [....]
-- Set properties in TBLPROPERTIES
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v2 SET TBLPROPERTIES ('created.by.user' = "John", 'created.date' = '01-01-2001' );
-- Use `DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2` to verify
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Table Properties [created.by.user=John, created.date=01-01-2001, ....]
-- Remove the key created.by.user and created.date from `TBLPROPERTIES`
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v2 UNSET TBLPROPERTIES (`created`.`by`.`user`, created.date);
-- Use `DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2` to verify the changes
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Table Properties [....]
-- Change the view definition
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v2 AS SELECT * FROM tempsc1.v1;
-- Use `DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED` to verify
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Type VIEW
View Text select * from tempsc1.v1
View Original Text select * from tempsc1.v1
-- Transfer ownership of a view to another user
> ALTER VIEW v1 OWNER TO `alf@melmak.et`
-- Change the view schema binding to adopt type evolution
> ALTER VIEW v1 WITH SCHEMA TYPE EVOLUTION;
-- Applies three tags to the view named `test`.
> ALTER VIEW test SET TAGS ('tag1' = 'val1', 'tag2' = 'val2', 'tag3' = 'val3');
-- Removes three tags from the view named `test`.
> ALTER VIEW test UNSET TAGS ('tag1', 'tag2', 'tag3');
-- Alter a the metric view `region_sales_metrics` defined in CREATE VIEW to drop the `total_revenue_for_open_orders` measure.
> ALTER VIEW region_sales_metrics
AS $$
version: 0.1
source: samples.tpch.orders
filter: o_orderdate > '1990-01-01'
dimensions:
- name: month
expr: date_trunc('MONTH', o_orderdate)
- name: status
expr: case
when o_orderstatus = 'O' then 'Open'
when o_orderstatus = 'P' then 'Processing'
when o_orderstatus = 'F' then 'Fulfilled'
end
- name: order_priority
expr: split(o_orderpriority, '-')[1]
measures:
- name: count_orders
expr: count(1)
- name: total_revenue
expr: SUM(o_totalprice)
- name: total_revenue_per_customer
expr: SUM(o_totalprice) / count(distinct o_custkey)
$$;
> DESCRIBE EXTENDED region_sales_metrics;
col_name data_type
month timestamp
status string
prder_priority string
count_orders bigint measure
total_revenue decimal(28,2) measure
total_revenue_per_customer decimal(38,12) measure
# Detailed Table Information
Catalog main
Database default
Table region_sales_metrics
Owner alf@melmak.et
Created Time Sun May 18 23:45:25 UTC 2025
Last Access UNKNOWN
Created By Spark
Type METRIC_VIEW
Comment A metric view for regional sales metrics.
View Text "
version: 0.1
source: samples.tpch.orders
filter: o_orderdate > '1990-01-01'
dimensions:
- name: month
expr: date_trunc('MONTH', o_orderdate)
- name: status
expr: case
when o_orderstatus = 'O' then 'Open'
when o_orderstatus = 'P' then 'Processing'
when o_orderstatus = 'F' then 'Fulfilled'
end
- name: prder_priority
expr: split(o_orderpriority, '-')[1]
measures:
- name: count_orders
expr: count(1)
- name: total_revenue
expr: SUM(o_totalprice)
- name: total_revenue_per_customer
expr: SUM(o_totalprice) / count(distinct o_custkey)
"
Language YAML
Table Properties [metric_view.from.name=samples.tpch.orders, metric_view.from.type=ASSET, metric_view.where=o_orderdate > '1990-01-01']