CollectionBase.GetEnumerator 方法
定義
重要
部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。
傳回可逐一查看 CollectionBase 執行個體的列舉值。
public:
virtual System::Collections::IEnumerator ^ GetEnumerator();public System.Collections.IEnumerator GetEnumerator ();abstract member GetEnumerator : unit -> System.Collections.IEnumerator
override this.GetEnumerator : unit -> System.Collections.IEnumeratorPublic Function GetEnumerator () As IEnumerator傳回
IEnumerator 執行個體的 CollectionBase。
實作
範例
下列程式代碼範例會實作 類別， CollectionBase 並使用該實作 Int16 來建立 物件的集合。
#using <System.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
public ref class Int16Collection: public CollectionBase
{
public:
property Int16 Item [int]
{
Int16 get( int index )
{
return ( (Int16)(List[ index ]));
}
void set( int index, Int16 value )
{
List[ index ] = value;
}
}
int Add( Int16 value )
{
return (List->Add( value ));
}
int IndexOf( Int16 value )
{
return (List->IndexOf( value ));
}
void Insert( int index, Int16 value )
{
List->Insert( index, value );
}
void Remove( Int16 value )
{
List->Remove( value );
}
bool Contains( Int16 value )
{
// If value is not of type Int16, this will return false.
return (List->Contains( value ));
}
protected:
virtual void OnInsert( int /*index*/, Object^ /*value*/ ) override
{
// Insert additional code to be run only when inserting values.
}
virtual void OnRemove( int /*index*/, Object^ /*value*/ ) override
{
// Insert additional code to be run only when removing values.
}
virtual void OnSet( int /*index*/, Object^ /*oldValue*/, Object^ /*newValue*/ ) override
{
// Insert additional code to be run only when setting values.
}
virtual void OnValidate( Object^ value ) override
{
if ( value->GetType() != Type::GetType( "System.Int16" ) )
throw gcnew ArgumentException( "value must be of type Int16.","value" );
}
};
void PrintIndexAndValues( Int16Collection^ myCol );
void PrintValues2( Int16Collection^ myCol );
int main()
{
// Create and initialize a new CollectionBase.
Int16Collection^ myI16 = gcnew Int16Collection;
// Add elements to the collection.
myI16->Add( (Int16)1 );
myI16->Add( (Int16)2 );
myI16->Add( (Int16)3 );
myI16->Add( (Int16)5 );
myI16->Add( (Int16)7 );
// Display the contents of the collection using the enumerator.
Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection (using enumerator):" );
PrintValues2( myI16 );
// Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
Console::WriteLine( "Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
// Search the collection with Contains and IndexOf.
Console::WriteLine( "Contains 3: {0}", myI16->Contains( 3 ) );
Console::WriteLine( "2 is at index {0}.", myI16->IndexOf( 2 ) );
Console::WriteLine();
// Insert an element into the collection at index 3.
myI16->Insert( 3, (Int16)13 );
Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
// Get and set an element using the index.
myI16->Item[ 4 ] = 123;
Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
// Remove an element from the collection.
myI16->Remove( (Int16)2 );
// Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
}
// Uses the Count property and the Item property.
void PrintIndexAndValues( Int16Collection^ myCol )
{
for ( int i = 0; i < myCol->Count; i++ )
Console::WriteLine( " [{0}]: {1}", i, myCol->Item[ i ] );
Console::WriteLine();
}
// Uses the enumerator.
void PrintValues2( Int16Collection^ myCol )
{
System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myEnumerator = myCol->GetEnumerator();
while ( myEnumerator->MoveNext() )
Console::WriteLine( " {0}", myEnumerator->Current );
Console::WriteLine();
}
/*
This code produces the following output.
Contents of the collection (using enumerator):
1
2
3
5
7
Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):
[0]: 1
[1]: 2
[2]: 3
[3]: 5
[4]: 7
Contains 3: True
2 is at index 1.
Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:
[0]: 1
[1]: 2
[2]: 3
[3]: 13
[4]: 5
[5]: 7
Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:
[0]: 1
[1]: 2
[2]: 3
[3]: 13
[4]: 123
[5]: 7
Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:
[0]: 1
[1]: 3
[2]: 13
[3]: 123
[4]: 7
*/
using System;
using System.Collections;
public class Int16Collection : CollectionBase {
public Int16 this[ int index ] {
get {
return( (Int16) List[index] );
}
set {
List[index] = value;
}
}
public int Add( Int16 value ) {
return( List.Add( value ) );
}
public int IndexOf( Int16 value ) {
return( List.IndexOf( value ) );
}
public void Insert( int index, Int16 value ) {
List.Insert( index, value );
}
public void Remove( Int16 value ) {
List.Remove( value );
}
public bool Contains( Int16 value ) {
// If value is not of type Int16, this will return false.
return( List.Contains( value ) );
}
protected override void OnInsert( int index, Object value ) {
// Insert additional code to be run only when inserting values.
}
protected override void OnRemove( int index, Object value ) {
// Insert additional code to be run only when removing values.
}
protected override void OnSet( int index, Object oldValue, Object newValue ) {
// Insert additional code to be run only when setting values.
}
protected override void OnValidate( Object value ) {
if ( value.GetType() != typeof(System.Int16) )
throw new ArgumentException( "value must be of type Int16.", "value" );
}
}
public class SamplesCollectionBase {
public static void Main() {
// Create and initialize a new CollectionBase.
Int16Collection myI16 = new Int16Collection();
// Add elements to the collection.
myI16.Add( (Int16) 1 );
myI16.Add( (Int16) 2 );
myI16.Add( (Int16) 3 );
myI16.Add( (Int16) 5 );
myI16.Add( (Int16) 7 );
// Display the contents of the collection using foreach. This is the preferred method.
Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection (using foreach):" );
PrintValues1( myI16 );
// Display the contents of the collection using the enumerator.
Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection (using enumerator):" );
PrintValues2( myI16 );
// Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
Console.WriteLine( "Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
// Search the collection with Contains and IndexOf.
Console.WriteLine( "Contains 3: {0}", myI16.Contains( 3 ) );
Console.WriteLine( "2 is at index {0}.", myI16.IndexOf( 2 ) );
Console.WriteLine();
// Insert an element into the collection at index 3.
myI16.Insert( 3, (Int16) 13 );
Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
// Get and set an element using the index.
myI16[4] = 123;
Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
// Remove an element from the collection.
myI16.Remove( (Int16) 2 );
// Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:" );
PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
}
// Uses the Count property and the Item property.
public static void PrintIndexAndValues( Int16Collection myCol ) {
for ( int i = 0; i < myCol.Count; i++ )
Console.WriteLine( " [{0}]: {1}", i, myCol[i] );
Console.WriteLine();
}
// Uses the foreach statement which hides the complexity of the enumerator.
// NOTE: The foreach statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
public static void PrintValues1( Int16Collection myCol ) {
foreach ( Int16 i16 in myCol )
Console.WriteLine( " {0}", i16 );
Console.WriteLine();
}
// Uses the enumerator.
// NOTE: The foreach statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
public static void PrintValues2( Int16Collection myCol ) {
System.Collections.IEnumerator myEnumerator = myCol.GetEnumerator();
while ( myEnumerator.MoveNext() )
Console.WriteLine( " {0}", myEnumerator.Current );
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
/*
This code produces the following output.
Contents of the collection (using foreach):
1
2
3
5
7
Contents of the collection (using enumerator):
1
2
3
5
7
Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):
[0]: 1
[1]: 2
[2]: 3
[3]: 5
[4]: 7
Contains 3: True
2 is at index 1.
Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:
[0]: 1
[1]: 2
[2]: 3
[3]: 13
[4]: 5
[5]: 7
Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:
[0]: 1
[1]: 2
[2]: 3
[3]: 13
[4]: 123
[5]: 7
Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:
[0]: 1
[1]: 3
[2]: 13
[3]: 123
[4]: 7
*/
Imports System.Collections
Public Class Int16Collection
Inherits CollectionBase
Default Public Property Item(index As Integer) As Int16
Get
Return CType(List(index), Int16)
End Get
Set
List(index) = value
End Set
End Property
Public Function Add(value As Int16) As Integer
Return List.Add(value)
End Function 'Add
Public Function IndexOf(value As Int16) As Integer
Return List.IndexOf(value)
End Function 'IndexOf
Public Sub Insert(index As Integer, value As Int16)
List.Insert(index, value)
End Sub
Public Sub Remove(value As Int16)
List.Remove(value)
End Sub
Public Function Contains(value As Int16) As Boolean
' If value is not of type Int16, this will return false.
Return List.Contains(value)
End Function 'Contains
Protected Overrides Sub OnInsert(index As Integer, value As Object)
' Insert additional code to be run only when inserting values.
End Sub
Protected Overrides Sub OnRemove(index As Integer, value As Object)
' Insert additional code to be run only when removing values.
End Sub
Protected Overrides Sub OnSet(index As Integer, oldValue As Object, newValue As Object)
' Insert additional code to be run only when setting values.
End Sub
Protected Overrides Sub OnValidate(value As Object)
If Not GetType(System.Int16).IsAssignableFrom(value.GetType()) Then
Throw New ArgumentException("value must be of type Int16.", "value")
End If
End Sub
End Class
Public Class SamplesCollectionBase
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Creates and initializes a new CollectionBase.
Dim myI16 As New Int16Collection()
' Adds elements to the collection.
myI16.Add( 1 )
myI16.Add( 2 )
myI16.Add( 3 )
myI16.Add( 5 )
myI16.Add( 7 )
' Display the contents of the collection using For Each. This is the preferred method.
Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection (using For Each):")
PrintValues1(myI16)
' Display the contents of the collection using the enumerator.
Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection (using enumerator):")
PrintValues2(myI16)
' Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
Console.WriteLine("Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):")
PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)
' Searches the collection with Contains and IndexOf.
Console.WriteLine("Contains 3: {0}", myI16.Contains(3))
Console.WriteLine("2 is at index {0}.", myI16.IndexOf(2))
Console.WriteLine()
' Inserts an element into the collection at index 3.
myI16.Insert(3, 13)
Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:")
PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)
' Gets and sets an element using the index.
myI16(4) = 123
Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:")
PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)
' Removes an element from the collection.
myI16.Remove(2)
' Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:")
PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)
End Sub
' Uses the Count property and the Item property.
Public Shared Sub PrintIndexAndValues(myCol As Int16Collection)
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To myCol.Count - 1
Console.WriteLine(" [{0}]: {1}", i, myCol(i))
Next i
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
' Uses the For Each statement which hides the complexity of the enumerator.
' NOTE: The For Each statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
Public Shared Sub PrintValues1(myCol As Int16Collection)
Dim i16 As Int16
For Each i16 In myCol
Console.WriteLine(" {0}", i16)
Next i16
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
' Uses the enumerator.
' NOTE: The For Each statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
Public Shared Sub PrintValues2(myCol As Int16Collection)
Dim myEnumerator As System.Collections.IEnumerator = myCol.GetEnumerator()
While myEnumerator.MoveNext()
Console.WriteLine(" {0}", myEnumerator.Current)
End While
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
End Class
'This code produces the following output.
'
'Contents of the collection (using For Each):
' 1
' 2
' 3
' 5
' 7
'
'Contents of the collection (using enumerator):
' 1
' 2
' 3
' 5
' 7
'
'Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):
' [0]: 1
' [1]: 2
' [2]: 3
' [3]: 5
' [4]: 7
'
'Contains 3: True
'2 is at index 1.
'
'Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:
' [0]: 1
' [1]: 2
' [2]: 3
' [3]: 13
' [4]: 5
' [5]: 7
'
'Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:
' [0]: 1
' [1]: 2
' [2]: 3
' [3]: 13
' [4]: 123
' [5]: 7
'
'Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:
' [0]: 1
' [1]: 3
' [2]: 13
' [3]: 123
' [4]: 7
備註
C# 語言的 foreach 陳述式 (在 Visual Basic 中為 for each) 會隱藏列舉值的複雜度。 因此，建議您使用 foreach，而不要直接使用列舉值。
列舉程式可以用來讀取集合中的資料，但是無法用來修改基礎集合。
一開始，列舉程式位在集合中的第一個項目之前。 Reset 也會將列舉值帶回至這個位置。 在這個位置，呼叫 Current 會擲回例外狀況。 因此，在讀取 MoveNext 的值之前，必須呼叫 Current 以將列舉值前移至集合的第一個項目。
Current 會傳回相同的物件直到呼叫 MoveNext 或 Reset。 MoveNext 會將 Current 設定為下一個項目。
如果 MoveNext 傳遞集合結尾，列舉值會放在集合的最後一個專案後面，並 MoveNext 傳 false回 。 當列舉值位於這個位置時，後續呼叫 MoveNext 也會傳回 false。 如果最後一 MoveNext 次呼叫傳 false回 ，則呼叫 Current 會擲回例外狀況。 若要再次將 Current 設定為集合的第一個元素，您可以在呼叫 Reset 之後，接著呼叫 MoveNext。
只要集合維持不變，列舉值就仍維持有效。 如果對集合進行變更，例如新增、修改或刪除專案，列舉值就會無法復原，而下一次呼叫 MoveNext 或 Reset 會擲回 InvalidOperationException。 如果在和 Current之間MoveNext修改集合，Current則會傳回它設定為 的專案，即使列舉值已經失效也一樣。
列舉值對集合並沒有獨佔存取，因此列舉集合在本質上並非安全執行緒的程序。 即使集合經過同步化，其他的執行緒仍可修改該集合，使列舉值擲回例外狀況。 若要保證列舉過程的執行緒安全，您可以在整個列舉過程中鎖定集合，或攔截由其他執行緒的變更所造成的例外狀況。
GetEnumerator雖然 COM 用戶端預設看不到方法，但繼承 CollectionBase 類別可能會公開它，而且可能會導致 COM 用戶端中不想要的行為。
這個方法是作業 O(1) 。
