List<T>.FindIndex 方法

參考

定義

命名空間:: System.Collections.Generic

組件:: System.Collections.dll

組件:: mscorlib.dll

組件:: netstandard.dll

重要

部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。

搜尋符合指定述詞所定義之條件的項目，並傳回 List<T> 內第一次出現或為其一部分之以零為起始的索引。如果找不到符合條件的項目，這個方法會傳回 -1。

多載

FindIndex(Int32, Int32, Predicate<T>)	搜尋符合指定之述詞所定義的條件之項目，並傳回 List<T> 中從指定之索引開始，且包含指定之項目數目的項目範圍內第一個符合項目之以零為起始的索引。
FindIndex(Predicate<T>)	搜尋符合指定之述詞所定義的條件之項目，並傳回整個 List<T> 內第一次出現之以零為起始的索引。
FindIndex(Int32, Predicate<T>)	搜尋符合指定之述詞所定義的條件之項目，並傳回 List<T> 內 (從指定之索引延伸到最後一個項目)，於某項目範圍中第一次出現之以零為起始的索引。

FindIndex(Int32, Int32, Predicate<T>)

來源:: List.cs

來源:: List.cs

來源:: List.cs

搜尋符合指定之述詞所定義的條件之項目，並傳回 List<T> 中從指定之索引開始，且包含指定之項目數目的項目範圍內第一個符合項目之以零為起始的索引。

public:
 int FindIndex(int startIndex, int count, Predicate<T> ^ match);

public int FindIndex (int startIndex, int count, Predicate<T> match);

member this.FindIndex : int * int * Predicate<'T> -> int

Public Function FindIndex (startIndex As Integer, count As Integer, match As Predicate(Of T)) As Integer

參數

startIndex: Int32

搜尋之以零為起始的起始索引。

count: Int32

區段中要搜尋的項目數目。

match: Predicate<T>

定義要搜尋項目之條件的 Predicate<T> 委派。

傳回

Int32

第一次出現符合 match 所定義之條件的項目以零為起始的索引 (如有找到)；否則為 -1。

例外狀況

ArgumentNullException

match 為 null。

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

startIndex 超出 List<T> 的有效索引範圍。

-或-

count 小於 0。

-或-

startIndex 和 count 不指定 List<T> 的有效區段。

範例

下列範例會定義具有兩個 Employee 欄位 Name 和 Id的類別。它也會使用單一 EmployeeSearch 方法定義類別， StartsWith指出欄位是否 Employee.Name 以提供給類別建構函式的 EmployeeSearch 指定子字串開頭。請注意此方法的簽章

public bool StartsWith(Employee e)

Public Function StartsWith(e As Employee) As Boolean

會對應至可以傳遞至方法之委派的 FindIndex 簽章。此範例會具現化 List<Employee> 物件、將一些 Employee 物件加入其中，然後呼叫 FindIndex(Int32, Int32, Predicate<T>) 方法兩次來搜尋整個集合 (，也就是索引 0 到 index Count 的成員 - 1) 。第一次，它會搜尋欄位開頭為 “J” 的第一個 Employee 物件 Name ;第二次，它會搜尋字段開頭為 “Ju” 的第一個 Employee 物件 Name 。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Employee : IComparable
{
   public String Name { get; set; }
   public int Id { get; set; }

   public int CompareTo(Object o )
   {
      Employee e = o as Employee;
      if (e == null)
         throw new ArgumentException("o is not an Employee object.");

      return Name.CompareTo(e.Name);
   }
}

public class EmployeeSearch
{
   String _s;

   public EmployeeSearch(String s)
   {
      _s = s;
   }

   public bool StartsWith(Employee e)
   {
      return e.Name.StartsWith(_s, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      var employees = new List<Employee>();
      employees.AddRange( new Employee[] { new Employee { Name = "Frank", Id = 2 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Jill", Id = 3 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Dave", Id = 5 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Jack", Id = 8 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Judith", Id = 12 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Robert", Id = 14 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Adam", Id = 1 } } );
      employees.Sort();

      var es = new EmployeeSearch("J");
      Console.WriteLine("'J' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(0, employees.Count - 1, es.StartsWith));

      es = new EmployeeSearch("Ju");
      Console.WriteLine("'Ju' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(0, employees.Count - 1,es.StartsWith));
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       'J' starts at index 3
//       'Ju' starts at index 5

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Employee : Implements IComparable
   Public Property Name As String
   Public Property Id As Integer
   
   Public Function CompareTo(o As Object) As Integer _
         Implements IComparable.CompareTo
      Dim e As Employee = TryCast(o, Employee)
      If e Is Nothing Then
         Throw New ArgumentException("o is not an Employee object.")
      End If

      Return Name.CompareTo(e.Name)
   End Function
End Class

Public Class EmployeeSearch
   Dim _s As String
   
   Public Sub New(s As String)
      _s = s
   End Sub
   
   Public Function StartsWith(e As Employee) As Boolean
      Return e.Name.StartsWith(_s, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
   End Function
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim employees As New List(Of Employee)()
      employees.AddRange( { New Employee() With { .Name = "Frank", .Id = 2 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Jill", .Id = 3 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Dave", .Id = 5 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Jack", .Id = 8 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Judith", .Id = 12 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Robert", .Id = 14 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Adam", .Id = 1 } } )
      employees.Sort()

      Dim es As New EmployeeSearch("J")
      Console.WriteLine("'J' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(0, employees.Count - 1,
                                            AddressOf es.StartsWith))
      es = New EmployeeSearch("Ju")
      Console.WriteLine("'Ju' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(0, employees.Count - 1,
                                            AddressOf es.StartsWith))
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       'J' starts at index 3
'       'Ju' starts at index 5

備註

List<T>如果大於 0，count則會從開始startIndex搜尋，並結束於 startIndex 加count號減 1。

Predicate<T>是方法的委派，如果傳遞至該方法的物件符合委派中定義的條件，則會傳回 true 。目前 List<T> 的專案會個別傳遞至 Predicate<T> 委派。委派具有簽章：

public bool methodName(T obj)

Public Function methodName(obj As T) As Boolean

此方法會執行線性搜尋;因此，這個方法是 o (n) 作業，其中 n 是 count。

另請參閱

適用於

FindIndex(Predicate<T>)

來源:: List.cs

來源:: List.cs

來源:: List.cs

搜尋符合指定之述詞所定義的條件之項目，並傳回整個 List<T> 內第一次出現之以零為起始的索引。

public:
 int FindIndex(Predicate<T> ^ match);

public int FindIndex (Predicate<T> match);

member this.FindIndex : Predicate<'T> -> int

Public Function FindIndex (match As Predicate(Of T)) As Integer

參數

match: Predicate<T>

定義要搜尋項目之條件的 Predicate<T> 委派。

傳回

Int32

第一次出現符合 match 所定義之條件的項目以零為起始的索引 (如有找到)；否則為 -1。

例外狀況

ArgumentNullException

match 為 null。

範例

public bool StartsWith(Employee e)

Public Function StartsWith(e As Employee) As Boolean

會對應至可以傳遞至方法之委派的 FindIndex 簽章。此範例會具現化 List<Employee> 物件、將一些Employee物件加入其中，然後呼叫 FindIndex(Int32, Int32, Predicate<T>) 方法兩次來搜尋整個集合，第一次針對字段開頭為 “J” 的第一個Employee物件，第二次呼叫字段開頭為 “Ju” 的第一個Employee物件NameName。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Employee : IComparable
{
   public String Name { get; set; }
   public int Id { get; set; }

   public int CompareTo(Object o )
   {
      Employee e = o as Employee;
      if (e == null)
         throw new ArgumentException("o is not an Employee object.");

      return Name.CompareTo(e.Name);
   }
}

public class EmployeeSearch
{
   String _s;

   public EmployeeSearch(String s)
   {
      _s = s;
   }

   public bool StartsWith(Employee e)
   {
      return e.Name.StartsWith(_s, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      var employees = new List<Employee>();
      employees.AddRange( new Employee[] { new Employee { Name = "Frank", Id = 2 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Jill", Id = 3 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Dave", Id = 5 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Jack", Id = 8 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Judith", Id = 12 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Robert", Id = 14 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Adam", Id = 1 } } );
      employees.Sort();

      var es = new EmployeeSearch("J");
      Console.WriteLine("'J' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(es.StartsWith));

      es = new EmployeeSearch("Ju");
      Console.WriteLine("'Ju' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(es.StartsWith));
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       'J' starts at index 3
//       'Ju' starts at index 5

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Employee : Implements IComparable
   Public Property Name As String
   Public Property Id As Integer
   
   Public Function CompareTo(o As Object) As Integer _
         Implements IComparable.CompareTo
      Dim e As Employee = TryCast(o, Employee)
      If e Is Nothing Then
         Throw New ArgumentException("o is not an Employee object.")
      End If

      Return Name.CompareTo(e.Name)
   End Function
End Class

Public Class EmployeeSearch
   Dim _s As String
   
   Public Sub New(s As String)
      _s = s
   End Sub
   
   Public Function StartsWith(e As Employee) As Boolean
      Return e.Name.StartsWith(_s, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
   End Function
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim employees As New List(Of Employee)()
      employees.AddRange( { New Employee() With { .Name = "Frank", .Id = 2 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Jill", .Id = 3 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Dave", .Id = 5 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Jack", .Id = 8 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Judith", .Id = 12 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Robert", .Id = 14 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Adam", .Id = 1 } } )
      employees.Sort()

      Dim es As New EmployeeSearch("J")
      Console.WriteLine("'J' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(AddressOf es.StartsWith))
      es = New EmployeeSearch("Ju")
      Console.WriteLine("'Ju' starts at index {0}",
                        employees.FindIndex(AddressOf es.StartsWith))
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       'J' starts at index 3
'       'Ju' starts at index 5

備註

List<T>會從第一個項目開始向前搜尋，並結束於最後一個專案。

public bool methodName(T obj)

Public Function methodName(obj As T) As Boolean

此方法會執行線性搜尋;因此，這個方法是 o (n) 作業，其中 n 是 Count。

另請參閱

適用於

FindIndex(Int32, Predicate<T>)

來源:: List.cs

來源:: List.cs

來源:: List.cs

搜尋符合指定之述詞所定義的條件之項目，並傳回 List<T> 內 (從指定之索引延伸到最後一個項目)，於某項目範圍中第一次出現之以零為起始的索引。

public:
 int FindIndex(int startIndex, Predicate<T> ^ match);

public int FindIndex (int startIndex, Predicate<T> match);

member this.FindIndex : int * Predicate<'T> -> int

Public Function FindIndex (startIndex As Integer, match As Predicate(Of T)) As Integer

參數

startIndex: Int32

搜尋之以零為起始的起始索引。

match: Predicate<T>

定義要搜尋項目之條件的 Predicate<T> 委派。

傳回

Int32

第一次出現符合 match 所定義之條件的項目以零為起始的索引 (如有找到)；否則為 -1。

例外狀況

ArgumentNullException

match 為 null。

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

startIndex 超出 List<T> 的有效索引範圍。

範例

public bool StartsWith(Employee e)

Public Function StartsWith(e As Employee) As Boolean

會對應至可以傳遞至方法之委派的 FindIndex 簽章。此範例會具現化物件、將一些Employee物件加入其中，然後呼叫 FindIndex(Int32, Int32, Predicate<T>) 方法兩次，從其第五個List<Employee>成員開始搜尋集合 (，也就是索引 4) 的成員。第一次，它會搜尋欄位開頭為 “J” 的第一個 Employee 物件 Name ;第二次，它會搜尋字段開頭為 “Ju” 的第一個 Employee 物件 Name 。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Employee : IComparable
{
   public String Name { get; set; }
   public int Id { get; set; }

   public int CompareTo(Object o )
   {
      Employee e = o as Employee;
      if (e == null)
         throw new ArgumentException("o is not an Employee object.");

      return Name.CompareTo(e.Name);
   }
}

public class EmployeeSearch
{
   String _s;

   public EmployeeSearch(String s)
   {
      _s = s;
   }

   public bool StartsWith(Employee e)
   {
      return e.Name.StartsWith(_s, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      var employees = new List<Employee>();
      employees.AddRange( new Employee[] { new Employee { Name = "Frank", Id = 2 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Jill", Id = 3 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Dave", Id = 5 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Jack", Id = 8 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Judith", Id = 12 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Robert", Id = 14 },
                                           new Employee { Name = "Adam", Id = 1 } } );
      employees.Sort();

      var es = new EmployeeSearch("J");
      int index = employees.FindIndex(4, es.StartsWith);
      Console.WriteLine("Starting index of'J': {0}",
                        index >= 0 ? index.ToString() : "Not found");

      es = new EmployeeSearch("Ju");
      index = employees.FindIndex(4, es.StartsWith);
      Console.WriteLine("Starting index of 'Ju': {0}",
                        index >= 0 ? index.ToString() : "Not found");
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       'J' starts at index 4
//       'Ju' starts at index 5

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Employee : Implements IComparable
   Public Property Name As String
   Public Property Id As Integer
   
   Public Function CompareTo(o As Object) As Integer _
         Implements IComparable.CompareTo
      Dim e As Employee = TryCast(o, Employee)
      If e Is Nothing Then
         Throw New ArgumentException("o is not an Employee object.")
      End If

      Return Name.CompareTo(e.Name)
   End Function
End Class

Public Class EmployeeSearch
   Dim _s As String
   
   Public Sub New(s As String)
      _s = s
   End Sub
   
   Public Function StartsWith(e As Employee) As Boolean
      Return e.Name.StartsWith(_s, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
   End Function
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim employees As New List(Of Employee)()
      employees.AddRange( { New Employee() With { .Name = "Frank", .Id = 2 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Jill", .Id = 3 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Dave", .Id = 5 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Jack", .Id = 8 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Judith", .Id = 12 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Robert", .Id = 14 },
                            New Employee() With { .Name = "Adam", .Id = 1 } } )
      employees.Sort()

      Dim es As New EmployeeSearch("J")
      Dim index As Integer = employees.FindIndex(4, AddressOf es.StartsWith)        
      Console.WriteLine("Starting index of'J': {0}",
                        If(index >= 0, index.ToString(), "Not found"))

      es = New EmployeeSearch("Ju")
      index = employees.FindIndex(4, AddressOf es.StartsWith) 
      Console.WriteLine("Starting index of'Ju': {0}",
                        If(index >= 0, index.ToString(), "Not found"))

   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       'J' starts at index 4
'       'Ju' starts at index 5

備註

List<T>會從最後startIndex一個元素開始和結束搜尋。

public bool methodName(T obj)

Public Function methodName(obj As T) As Boolean

此方法會執行線性搜尋;因此，此方法是 O (n) 作業，其中 n 是從 startIndex 到結尾的項目 List<T>數目。

另請參閱

適用於

共用方式為

List<T>.FindIndex 方法

定義

多載

FindIndex(Int32, Int32, Predicate<T>)

參數

傳回

例外狀況

範例

備註

另請參閱

適用於

FindIndex(Predicate<T>)

參數

傳回

例外狀況

範例

備註

另請參閱

適用於

FindIndex(Int32, Predicate<T>)

參數

傳回

例外狀況

範例

備註

另請參閱

適用於

其他資源