Queue<T>.Enqueue(T) 方法

定義

命名空間:

System.Collections.Generic

組件:

System.Collections.dll

來源:

Queue.cs

將物件加入至 Queue<T> 的末端。

public:
 void Enqueue(T item);

public void Enqueue (T item);

member this.Enqueue : 'T -> unit

Public Sub Enqueue (item As T)

參數

item

T

要加入至 Queue<T> 的物件。 參考類型的值可以是 null。

範例

下列程式代碼範例示範泛型類別的 Queue<T> 數個方法，包括 Enqueue 方法。

此程式代碼範例會建立具有預設容量的字串佇列，並使用 Enqueue 方法將五個字串排入佇列。 列舉佇列的專案，不會變更佇列的狀態。 方法 Dequeue 用來清除第一個字串的佇列。 方法 Peek 可用來查看佇列中的下一個專案，然後使用 Dequeue 方法將其清除佇列。

方法 ToArray 可用來建立陣列，並將佇列元素複製到其中，然後將數位傳遞至 Queue<T> 採用 IEnumerable<T>的建構函式，以建立佇列的複本。 隨即顯示複本的專案。

建立佇列大小的兩次數組，並使用 CopyTo 方法複製陣列元素，從陣列中間開始。 建 Queue<T> 構函式會再次用來建立佇列的第二個複本，其中包含開頭有三個 Null 元素。

方法 Contains 用來顯示字串 「four」 位於佇列的第一個複本中，之後 Clear 方法會清除複本，而 Count 屬性顯示佇列是空的。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Queue<string> numbers = new Queue<string>();
        numbers.Enqueue("one");
        numbers.Enqueue("two");
        numbers.Enqueue("three");
        numbers.Enqueue("four");
        numbers.Enqueue("five");

        // A queue can be enumerated without disturbing its contents.
        foreach( string number in numbers )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(number);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nDequeuing '{0}'", numbers.Dequeue());
        Console.WriteLine("Peek at next item to dequeue: {0}",
            numbers.Peek());
        Console.WriteLine("Dequeuing '{0}'", numbers.Dequeue());

        // Create a copy of the queue, using the ToArray method and the
        // constructor that accepts an IEnumerable<T>.
        Queue<string> queueCopy = new Queue<string>(numbers.ToArray());

        Console.WriteLine("\nContents of the first copy:");
        foreach( string number in queueCopy )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(number);
        }

        // Create an array twice the size of the queue and copy the
        // elements of the queue, starting at the middle of the
        // array.
        string[] array2 = new string[numbers.Count * 2];
        numbers.CopyTo(array2, numbers.Count);

        // Create a second queue, using the constructor that accepts an
        // IEnumerable(Of T).
        Queue<string> queueCopy2 = new Queue<string>(array2);

        Console.WriteLine("\nContents of the second copy, with duplicates and nulls:");
        foreach( string number in queueCopy2 )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(number);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nqueueCopy.Contains(\"four\") = {0}",
            queueCopy.Contains("four"));

        Console.WriteLine("\nqueueCopy.Clear()");
        queueCopy.Clear();
        Console.WriteLine("\nqueueCopy.Count = {0}", queueCopy.Count);
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

one
two
three
four
five

Dequeuing 'one'
Peek at next item to dequeue: two
Dequeuing 'two'

Contents of the first copy:
three
four
five

Contents of the second copy, with duplicates and nulls:



three
four
five

queueCopy.Contains("four") = True

queueCopy.Clear()

queueCopy.Count = 0
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

let numbers = Queue()
numbers.Enqueue "one"
numbers.Enqueue "two"
numbers.Enqueue "three"
numbers.Enqueue "four"
numbers.Enqueue "five"

// A queue can be enumerated without disturbing its contents.
for number in numbers do
    printfn $"{number}"

printfn $"\nDequeuing '{numbers.Dequeue()}'"
printfn $"Peek at next item to dequeue: {numbers.Peek()}"
printfn $"Dequeuing '{numbers.Dequeue()}'"

// Create a copy of the queue, using the ToArray method and the
// constructor that accepts an IEnumerable<T>.
let queueCopy = numbers.ToArray() |> Queue

printfn $"\nContents of the first copy:"
for number in queueCopy do
    printfn $"{number}"

// Create an array twice the size of the queue and copy the
// elements of the queue, starting at the middle of the
// array.
let array2 = numbers.Count * 2 |> Array.zeroCreate
numbers.CopyTo(array2, numbers.Count)

// Create a second queue, using the constructor that accepts an
// IEnumerable(Of T).
let queueCopy2 = Queue array2

printfn $"\nContents of the second copy, with duplicates and nulls:"
for number in queueCopy2 do
    printfn $"{number}"
printfn $"""\nqueueCopy.Contains "four" = {queueCopy.Contains "four"}"""

printfn $"\nqueueCopy.Clear()"
queueCopy.Clear()
printfn $"queueCopy.Count = {queueCopy.Count}"

// This code example produces the following output:
//       one
//       two
//       three
//       four
//       five
//       
//       Dequeuing 'one'
//       Peek at next item to dequeue: two
//       Dequeuing 'two'
//       
//       Contents of the first copy:
//       three
//       four
//       five
//       
//       Contents of the second copy, with duplicates and nulls:
//       
//       
//       
//       three
//       four
//       five
//       
//       queueCopy.Contains "four" = True
//       
//       queueCopy.Clear()
//       
//       queueCopy.Count = 0

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Module Example

    Sub Main

        Dim numbers As New Queue(Of String)
        numbers.Enqueue("one")
        numbers.Enqueue("two")
        numbers.Enqueue("three")
        numbers.Enqueue("four")
        numbers.Enqueue("five")

        ' A queue can be enumerated without disturbing its contents.
        For Each number As String In numbers
            Console.WriteLine(number)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Dequeuing '{0}'", numbers.Dequeue())
        Console.WriteLine("Peek at next item to dequeue: {0}", _
            numbers.Peek())    
        Console.WriteLine("Dequeuing '{0}'", numbers.Dequeue())

        ' Create a copy of the queue, using the ToArray method and the
        ' constructor that accepts an IEnumerable(Of T).
        Dim queueCopy As New Queue(Of String)(numbers.ToArray())

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Contents of the first copy:")
        For Each number As String In queueCopy
            Console.WriteLine(number)
        Next
        
        ' Create an array twice the size of the queue, compensating
        ' for the fact that Visual Basic allocates an extra array 
        ' element. Copy the elements of the queue, starting at the
        ' middle of the array. 
        Dim array2((numbers.Count * 2) - 1) As String
        numbers.CopyTo(array2, numbers.Count)
        
        ' Create a second queue, using the constructor that accepts an
        ' IEnumerable(Of T).
        Dim queueCopy2 As New Queue(Of String)(array2)

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Contents of the second copy, with duplicates and nulls:")
        For Each number As String In queueCopy2
            Console.WriteLine(number)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "queueCopy.Contains(""four"") = {0}", _
            queueCopy.Contains("four"))

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "queueCopy.Clear()")
        queueCopy.Clear()
        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "queueCopy.Count = {0}", _
            queueCopy.Count)
    End Sub
End Module

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'one
'two
'three
'four
'five
'
'Dequeuing 'one'
'Peek at next item to dequeue: two
'
'Dequeuing 'two'
'
'Contents of the copy:
'three
'four
'five
'
'Contents of the second copy, with duplicates and nulls:
'
'
'
'three
'four
'five
'
'queueCopy.Contains("four") = True
'
'queueCopy.Clear()
'
'queueCopy.Count = 0

備註

如果 Count 已經等於容量，則會藉由自動重新配置內部數位來增加的 Queue<T> 容量，而現有的元素會在新增專案之前複製到新的陣列。

如果 Count 小於內部數位的容量，則這個方法是 O (1) 作業。 如果需要重新設定內部陣列以容納新元素，這個方法會變成 O (n) 作業，其中 n 是 Count。

另請參閱

• Dequeue()
• Peek()