SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 建構函式

參考

定義

命名空間:: System.Collections.Generic

組件:: System.Collections.dll

組件:: System.dll

組件:: netstandard.dll

重要

部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體。

多載

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>()	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，這個執行個體是空的，並且對這個索引鍵類型使用預設 IComparer<T> 實作。
SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>)	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，這個執行個體是空的，並且使用指定的 IComparer<T> 實作來比較索引鍵。
SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，其中包含從指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 複製的項目，並且對這個索引鍵類型使用預設 IComparer<T> 實作。
SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>)	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，其中包含從指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 複製的項目，並且使用指定的 IComparer<T> 實作來比較索引鍵。

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>()

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，這個執行個體是空的，並且對這個索引鍵類型使用預設 IComparer<T> 實作。

public:
 SortedDictionary();

public SortedDictionary ();

Public Sub New ()

範例

下列程式代碼範例會建立具有字串索引鍵的字串空白 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> ，並使用 Add 方法來新增某些元素。此範例示範 Add 當嘗試加入重複索引鍵時，方法會 ArgumentException 擲回。

此程式代碼範例是針對類別提供的較大範例的 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 一部分。

// Create a new sorted dictionary of strings, with string
// keys.
SortedDictionary<string, string> openWith =
    new SortedDictionary<string, string>();

// Add some elements to the dictionary. There are no
// duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

// The Add method throws an exception if the new key is
// already in the dictionary.
try
{
    openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = \"txt\" already exists.");
}

' Create a new sorted dictionary of strings, with string 
' keys. 
Dim openWith As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)

' Add some elements to the dictionary. There are no 
' duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")

' The Add method throws an exception if the new key is 
' already in the dictionary.
Try
    openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe")
Catch 
    Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = ""txt"" already exists.")
End Try

備註

中的每個索引鍵都必須根據預設比較子是唯一 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 的。

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 需要比較子實作才能執行索引鍵比較。這個建構函式會使用預設的泛型相等比較子 Comparer<T>.Default。如果類型 TKey 實作 System.IComparable<T> 泛型介面，則預設比較子會使用該實作。或者，您可以使用接受comparer參數的IComparer<T>建構函式來指定泛型介面的實作。

此建構函式是 O (1) 作業。

另請參閱

適用於

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>)

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，這個執行個體是空的，並且使用指定的 IComparer<T> 實作來比較索引鍵。

public:
 SortedDictionary(System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

參數

comparer: IComparer<TKey>

比較索引鍵時所要使用的 IComparer<T> 實作，或是 null，表示要為索引鍵的類型使用預設 Comparer<T>。

範例

下列程式代碼範例會 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 為目前文化特性建立不區分大小寫的比較子。此範例會新增四個元素，有些具有小寫索引鍵，有些則使用大寫索引鍵。然後，此範例會嘗試新增具有與現有索引鍵不同之索引鍵的專案，並依大小寫攔截產生的例外狀況，並顯示錯誤訊息。最後，此範例會以不區分大小寫的排序順序顯示元素。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new SortedDictionary of strings, with string keys
        // and a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
        SortedDictionary<string, string> openWith =
                      new SortedDictionary<string, string>(
                          StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
        // except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        // comparer.
        try
        {
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\nBMP is already in the dictionary.");
        }

        // List the contents of the sorted dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

BMP is already in the dictionary.

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new SortedDictionary of strings, with string keys 
        ' and a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
        Dim openWith As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)( _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")

        ' Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same 
        ' except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        ' comparer.
        Try
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe")
        Catch ex As ArgumentException
            Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "BMP is already in the dictionary.")
        End Try
        
        ' List the contents of the sorted dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'BMP is already in the dictionary.
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

備註

中的每個 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 索引鍵都必須根據指定的比較子是唯一的。

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 需要比較子實作才能執行索引鍵比較。如果 comparer 為null，這個建構函式會使用預設的泛型相等比較子。 Comparer<T>.Default 如果類型 TKey 實作 System.IComparable<T> 泛型介面，則預設比較子會使用該實作。

此建構函式是 O (1) 作業。

另請參閱

適用於

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，其中包含從指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 複製的項目，並且對這個索引鍵類型使用預設 IComparer<T> 實作。

public:
 SortedDictionary(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))

參數

dictionary: IDictionary<TKey,TValue>

要將其項目複製到新 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 的 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>。

例外狀況

ArgumentNullException

dictionary 為 null。

ArgumentException

dictionary 包含一或多個重複的索引鍵。

範例

下列程式代碼範例示範如何使用 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> ，將傳遞Dictionary<TKey,TValue>至 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>) 建構函式，在中Dictionary<TKey,TValue>建立資訊的排序複本。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys.
        //
        Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
                                  new Dictionary<string, string>();

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys,
        // and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        SortedDictionary<string, string> copy =
                  new SortedDictionary<string, string>(openWith);

        // List the contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}",
               kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string 
        ' keys.
        Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
        
        ' Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys, 
        ' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        Dim copy As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)(openWith)

        ' List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

備註

中的每個 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 索引鍵都必須根據預設比較子是唯一的;因此，來源 dictionary 中的每個索引鍵也必須根據預設比較子是唯一的。

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 需要比較子實作才能執行索引鍵比較。這個建構函式會使用預設的泛型相等比較子。 Comparer<T>.Default 如果類型 TKey 實作 System.IComparable<T> 泛型介面，則預設比較子會使用該實作。或者，您可以使用接受comparer參數的IComparer<T>建構函式來指定泛型介面的實作。

此建構函式是 O (n 記錄 n) 作業，其中 n 是中的 dictionary元素數目。

另請參閱

適用於

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>)

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

來源:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 類別的新執行個體，其中包含從指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 複製的項目，並且使用指定的 IComparer<T> 實作來比較索引鍵。

public:
 SortedDictionary(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue), comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

參數

dictionary: IDictionary<TKey,TValue>

要將其項目複製到新 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 的 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>。

comparer: IComparer<TKey>

比較索引鍵時所要使用的 IComparer<T> 實作，或是 null，表示要為索引鍵的類型使用預設 Comparer<T>。

例外狀況

ArgumentNullException

dictionary 為 null。

ArgumentException

dictionary 包含一或多個重複的索引鍵。

範例

下列程式代碼範例示範如何使用 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> ，藉由將傳遞Dictionary<TKey,TValue>至 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) 建構函式，在不區分大小寫的情況下，建立資訊不區分大小寫Dictionary<TKey,TValue>的排序複本。在此範例中，不區分大小寫的比較子適用於目前的文化特性。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
        // a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current
        // culture.
        Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
            new Dictionary<string, string>
                (StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // List the contents of the Dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }

        // Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys and a
        // case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
        // and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        SortedDictionary<string, string> copy =
                    new SortedDictionary<string, string>(openWith,
                        StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe

Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
        ' a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current 
        ' culture.
        Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)( _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
        
        ' List the contents of the Dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

        ' Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys and a 
        ' case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
        ' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        Dim copy As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)(openWith, _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)

        ' List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
'Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'
'Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

備註

中的每個 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 索引鍵都必須根據指定的比較子是唯一的;因此，來源 dictionary 中的每個索引鍵也必須根據指定的比較子是唯一的。

此建構函式是 O (n 記錄 n) 作業，其中 n 是中的 dictionary元素數目。

另請參閱

適用於

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 建構函式

定義

多載

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>()

範例

備註

另請參閱

適用於

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>)

參數

範例

備註

另請參閱

適用於

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)

參數

例外狀況

範例

備註

另請參閱

適用於

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>)

參數

例外狀況

範例

備註

另請參閱

適用於

意見反應

其他資源