ConfigurationElement 類別
定義
重要
部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。
表示組態檔內的組態項目。
public ref class ConfigurationElement abstractpublic abstract class ConfigurationElementtype ConfigurationElement = classPublic MustInherit Class ConfigurationElement- 繼承
-
ConfigurationElement
- 衍生
範例
下列程式代碼範例示範如何在自定義區段中實作自定義 ConfigurationElement 專案，以及實作為自定義區段中專案的集合。 此範例包含下列檔案：
app.config 檔案，其中包含名為
MyUrls的自定義區段。 本節包含簡單的元素， (它不包含任何其他元素) 和元素集合。 簡單項目的名稱為simple，且集合名為urls。主控台應用程式。 應用程式會讀取 app.config 檔案的內容，並將資訊寫入主控台。 它會使用衍生自 ConfigurationElement、 ConfigurationElementCollection和的 ConfigurationSection類別。
名為
UrlsSection的類別，衍生自 ConfigurationSection 類別。 這個類別是用來存取MyUrls組態檔中的 區段。名為
UrlsCollection的類別，衍生自 ConfigurationElementCollection 類別。 這個類別是用來存取urls組態檔中的集合。名為
UrlConfigElement的類別，衍生自 ConfigurationElement 類別。 這個類別可用來存取simple組態檔中集合的 元素和成員urls。
若要執行範例，請執行下列步驟：
建立具有主控台應用程式專案和名為
ConfigurationElement的類別庫項目的解決方案。將三個類別檔案放在類別庫專案中，並將其他檔案放在主控台連結庫專案中。
在這兩個專案中，都會設定 的
System.Configuration參考。在主控台應用程式專案中，設定類別庫專案的項目參考。
// Set Assembly name to ConfigurationElement
using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
namespace Samples.AspNet
{
// Entry point for console application that reads the
// app.config file and writes to the console the
// URLs in the custom section.
class TestConfigurationElement
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Get current configuration file.
System.Configuration.Configuration config =
ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
// Get the MyUrls section.
UrlsSection myUrlsSection =
config.GetSection("MyUrls") as UrlsSection;
if (myUrlsSection == null)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed to load UrlsSection.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The 'simple' element of app.config:");
Console.WriteLine(" Name={0} URL={1} Port={2}",
myUrlsSection.Simple.Name,
myUrlsSection.Simple.Url,
myUrlsSection.Simple.Port);
Console.WriteLine("The urls collection of app.config:");
for (int i = 0; i < myUrlsSection.Urls.Count; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(" Name={0} URL={1} Port={2}",
myUrlsSection.Urls[i].Name,
myUrlsSection.Urls[i].Url,
myUrlsSection.Urls[i].Port);
}
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
' Set Assembly name to ConfigurationElement
' and set Root namespace to Samples.AspNet
Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Collections
Class TestConfigurationElement
' Entry point for console application that reads the
' app.config file and writes to the console the
' URLs in the custom section.
Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
' Get the current configuration file.
Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = _
ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration( _
ConfigurationUserLevel.None)
' Get the MyUrls section.
Dim myUrlsSection As UrlsSection = _
config.GetSection("MyUrls")
If myUrlsSection Is Nothing Then
Console.WriteLine("Failed to load UrlsSection.")
Else
Console.WriteLine("The 'simple' element of app.config:")
Console.WriteLine(" Name={0} URL={1} Port={2}", _
myUrlsSection.Simple.Name, _
myUrlsSection.Simple.Url, _
myUrlsSection.Simple.Port)
Console.WriteLine("The urls collection of app.config:")
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To myUrlsSection.Urls.Count - 1
Console.WriteLine(" Name={0} URL={1} Port={2}", _
i, myUrlsSection.Urls(i).Name, _
myUrlsSection.Urls(i).Url, _
myUrlsSection.Urls(i).Port)
Next i
End If
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Class
using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
namespace Samples.AspNet
{
// Define a custom section containing an individual
// element and a collection of elements.
public class UrlsSection : ConfigurationSection
{
[ConfigurationProperty("name",
DefaultValue = "MyFavorites",
IsRequired = true,
IsKey = false)]
[StringValidator(InvalidCharacters =
" ~!@#$%^&*()[]{}/;'\"|\\",
MinLength = 1, MaxLength = 60)]
public string Name
{
get
{
return (string)this["name"];
}
set
{
this["name"] = value;
}
}
// Declare an element (not in a collection) of the type
// UrlConfigElement. In the configuration
// file it corresponds to <simple .... />.
[ConfigurationProperty("simple")]
public UrlConfigElement Simple
{
get
{
UrlConfigElement url =
(UrlConfigElement)base["simple"];
return url;
}
}
// Declare a collection element represented
// in the configuration file by the sub-section
// <urls> <add .../> </urls>
// Note: the "IsDefaultCollection = false"
// instructs the .NET Framework to build a nested
// section like <urls> ...</urls>.
[ConfigurationProperty("urls",
IsDefaultCollection = false)]
public UrlsCollection Urls
{
get
{
UrlsCollection urlsCollection =
(UrlsCollection)base["urls"];
return urlsCollection;
}
}
protected override void DeserializeSection(
System.Xml.XmlReader reader)
{
base.DeserializeSection(reader);
// You can add custom processing code here.
}
protected override string SerializeSection(
ConfigurationElement parentElement,
string name, ConfigurationSaveMode saveMode)
{
string s =
base.SerializeSection(parentElement,
name, saveMode);
// You can add custom processing code here.
return s;
}
}
}
Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Collections
' Define a custom section containing an individual
' element and a collection of elements.
Public Class UrlsSection
Inherits ConfigurationSection
<ConfigurationProperty("name", _
DefaultValue:="MyFavorites", _
IsRequired:=True, _
IsKey:=False), _
StringValidator( _
InvalidCharacters:=" ~!@#$%^&*()[]{}/;'""|\", _
MinLength:=1, MaxLength:=60)> _
Public Property Name() As String
Get
Return CStr(Me("name"))
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
Me("name") = value
End Set
End Property
' Declare an element (not in a collection) of the type
' UrlConfigElement. In the configuration
' file it corresponds to <simple .... />.
<ConfigurationProperty("simple")> _
Public ReadOnly Property Simple() _
As UrlConfigElement
Get
Dim url As UrlConfigElement = _
CType(Me("simple"), _
UrlConfigElement)
Return url
End Get
End Property
' Declare a collection element represented
' in the configuration file by the sub-section
' <urls> <add .../> </urls>
' Note: the "IsDefaultCollection = false"
' instructs the .NET Framework to build a nested
' section like <urls> ...</urls>.
<ConfigurationProperty("urls", _
IsDefaultCollection:=False)> _
Public ReadOnly Property Urls() _
As UrlsCollection
Get
Dim urlsCollection _
As UrlsCollection = _
CType(Me("urls"), UrlsCollection)
Return urlsCollection
End Get
End Property
Protected Overrides Sub DeserializeSection( _
ByVal reader As System.Xml.XmlReader)
MyBase.DeserializeSection(reader)
' Enter your custom processing code here.
End Sub
Protected Overrides Function SerializeSection( _
ByVal parentElement As ConfigurationElement, _
ByVal name As String, _
ByVal saveMode As ConfigurationSaveMode) As String
Dim s As String = _
MyBase.SerializeSection(parentElement, _
name, saveMode)
' Enter your custom processing code here.
Return s
End Function 'SerializeSection
End Class
using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
namespace Samples.AspNet
{
public class UrlsCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection
{
public UrlsCollection()
{
// Add one url to the collection. This is
// not necessary; could leave the collection
// empty until items are added to it outside
// the constructor.
UrlConfigElement url =
(UrlConfigElement)CreateNewElement();
Add(url);
}
public override
ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType
{
get
{
return
ConfigurationElementCollectionType.AddRemoveClearMap;
}
}
protected override
ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
{
return new UrlConfigElement();
}
protected override
ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement(
string elementName)
{
return new UrlConfigElement(elementName);
}
protected override Object
GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
{
return ((UrlConfigElement)element).Name;
}
public new string AddElementName
{
get
{ return base.AddElementName; }
set
{ base.AddElementName = value; }
}
public new string ClearElementName
{
get
{ return base.ClearElementName; }
set
{ base.ClearElementName = value; }
}
public new string RemoveElementName
{
get
{ return base.RemoveElementName; }
}
public new int Count
{
get { return base.Count; }
}
public UrlConfigElement this[int index]
{
get
{
return (UrlConfigElement)BaseGet(index);
}
set
{
if (BaseGet(index) != null)
{
BaseRemoveAt(index);
}
BaseAdd(index, value);
}
}
new public UrlConfigElement this[string Name]
{
get
{
return (UrlConfigElement)BaseGet(Name);
}
}
public int IndexOf(UrlConfigElement url)
{
return BaseIndexOf(url);
}
public void Add(UrlConfigElement url)
{
BaseAdd(url);
// Add custom code here.
}
protected override void
BaseAdd(ConfigurationElement element)
{
BaseAdd(element, false);
// Add custom code here.
}
public void Remove(UrlConfigElement url)
{
if (BaseIndexOf(url) >= 0)
BaseRemove(url.Name);
}
public void RemoveAt(int index)
{
BaseRemoveAt(index);
}
public void Remove(string name)
{
BaseRemove(name);
}
public void Clear()
{
BaseClear();
// Add custom code here.
}
}
}
Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Collections
Public Class UrlsCollection
Inherits ConfigurationElementCollection
Public Sub New()
' Add one url to the collection. This is
' not necessary; could leave the collection
' empty until items are added to it outside
' the constructor.
Dim url As UrlConfigElement = _
CType(CreateNewElement(), UrlConfigElement)
' Add the element to the collection.
Add(url)
End Sub
Public Overrides ReadOnly Property CollectionType() _
As ConfigurationElementCollectionType
Get
Return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.AddRemoveClearMap
End Get
End Property
Protected Overloads Overrides Function CreateNewElement() _
As ConfigurationElement
Return New UrlConfigElement()
End Function 'CreateNewElement
Protected Overloads Overrides Function CreateNewElement( _
ByVal elementName As String) _
As ConfigurationElement
Return New UrlConfigElement(elementName)
End Function 'CreateNewElement
Protected Overrides Function GetElementKey( _
ByVal element As ConfigurationElement) As [Object]
Return CType(element, UrlConfigElement).Name
End Function 'GetElementKey
Public Shadows Property AddElementName() As String
Get
Return MyBase.AddElementName
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
MyBase.AddElementName = value
End Set
End Property
Public Shadows Property ClearElementName() As String
Get
Return MyBase.ClearElementName
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
MyBase.ClearElementName = value
End Set
End Property
Public Shadows ReadOnly Property RemoveElementName() As String
Get
Return MyBase.RemoveElementName
End Get
End Property
Public Shadows ReadOnly Property Count() As Integer
Get
Return MyBase.Count
End Get
End Property
Default Public Shadows Property Item( _
ByVal index As Integer) As UrlConfigElement
Get
Return CType(BaseGet(index), UrlConfigElement)
End Get
Set(ByVal value As UrlConfigElement)
If Not (BaseGet(index) Is Nothing) Then
BaseRemoveAt(index)
End If
BaseAdd(index, value)
End Set
End Property
Default Public Shadows ReadOnly Property Item( _
ByVal Name As String) As UrlConfigElement
Get
Return CType(BaseGet(Name), UrlConfigElement)
End Get
End Property
Public Function IndexOf( _
ByVal url As UrlConfigElement) As Integer
Return BaseIndexOf(url)
End Function 'IndexOf
Public Sub Add(ByVal url As UrlConfigElement)
BaseAdd(url)
' Add custom code here.
End Sub
Protected Overrides Sub BaseAdd( _
ByVal element As ConfigurationElement)
BaseAdd(element, False)
' Add custom code here.
End Sub
Public Overloads Sub Remove( _
ByVal url As UrlConfigElement)
If BaseIndexOf(url) >= 0 Then
BaseRemove(url.Name)
End If
End Sub
Public Sub RemoveAt(ByVal index As Integer)
BaseRemoveAt(index)
End Sub
Public Overloads Sub Remove(ByVal name As String)
BaseRemove(name)
End Sub
Public Sub Clear()
BaseClear()
End Sub
End Class
using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
namespace Samples.AspNet
{
public class UrlConfigElement : ConfigurationElement
{
// Constructor allowing name, url, and port to be specified.
public UrlConfigElement(String newName,
String newUrl, int newPort)
{
Name = newName;
Url = newUrl;
Port = newPort;
}
// Default constructor, will use default values as defined
// below.
public UrlConfigElement()
{
}
// Constructor allowing name to be specified, will take the
// default values for url and port.
public UrlConfigElement(string elementName)
{
Name = elementName;
}
[ConfigurationProperty("name",
DefaultValue = "Microsoft",
IsRequired = true,
IsKey = true)]
public string Name
{
get
{
return (string)this["name"];
}
set
{
this["name"] = value;
}
}
[ConfigurationProperty("url",
DefaultValue = "http://www.microsoft.com",
IsRequired = true)]
[RegexStringValidator(@"\w+:\/\/[\w.]+\S*")]
public string Url
{
get
{
return (string)this["url"];
}
set
{
this["url"] = value;
}
}
[ConfigurationProperty("port",
DefaultValue = (int)0,
IsRequired = false)]
[IntegerValidator(MinValue = 0,
MaxValue = 8080, ExcludeRange = false)]
public int Port
{
get
{
return (int)this["port"];
}
set
{
this["port"] = value;
}
}
protected override void DeserializeElement(
System.Xml.XmlReader reader,
bool serializeCollectionKey)
{
base.DeserializeElement(reader,
serializeCollectionKey);
// You can your custom processing code here.
}
protected override bool SerializeElement(
System.Xml.XmlWriter writer,
bool serializeCollectionKey)
{
bool ret = base.SerializeElement(writer,
serializeCollectionKey);
// You can enter your custom processing code here.
return ret;
}
protected override bool IsModified()
{
bool ret = base.IsModified();
// You can enter your custom processing code here.
return ret;
}
}
}
Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Collections
Public Class UrlConfigElement
Inherits ConfigurationElement
' Constructor allowing name, url, and port to be specified.
Public Sub New(ByVal newName As String, _
ByVal newUrl As String, _
ByVal newPort As Integer)
Name = newName
Url = newUrl
Port = newPort
End Sub
' Default constructor, will use default values as defined
Public Sub New()
End Sub
' Constructor allowing name to be specified, will take the
' default values for url and port.
Public Sub New(ByVal elementName As String)
Name = elementName
End Sub
<ConfigurationProperty("name", _
DefaultValue:="Microsoft", _
IsRequired:=True, _
IsKey:=True)> _
Public Property Name() As String
Get
Return CStr(Me("name"))
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
Me("name") = value
End Set
End Property
<ConfigurationProperty("url", _
DefaultValue:="http://www.microsoft.com", _
IsRequired:=True), _
RegexStringValidator("\w+:\/\/[\w.]+\S*")> _
Public Property Url() As String
Get
Return CStr(Me("url"))
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
Me("url") = value
End Set
End Property
<ConfigurationProperty("port", _
DefaultValue:=0, _
IsRequired:=False), _
IntegerValidator(MinValue:=0, _
MaxValue:=8080, ExcludeRange:=False)> _
Public Property Port() As Integer
Get
Return Fix(Me("port"))
End Get
Set(ByVal value As Integer)
Me("port") = value
End Set
End Property
Protected Overrides Sub DeserializeElement(ByVal reader _
As System.Xml.XmlReader, _
ByVal serializeCollectionKey As Boolean)
MyBase.DeserializeElement(reader, _
serializeCollectionKey)
' Enter your custom processing code here.
End Sub
Protected Overrides Function SerializeElement(ByVal writer _
As System.Xml.XmlWriter, _
ByVal serializeCollectionKey As Boolean) As Boolean
Dim ret As Boolean = _
MyBase.SerializeElement(writer, serializeCollectionKey)
' Enter your custom processing code here.
Return ret
End Function 'SerializeElement
Protected Overrides Function IsModified() As Boolean
Dim ret As Boolean = MyBase.IsModified()
' Enter your custom processing code here.
Return ret
End Function 'IsModified
End Class
備註
ConfigurationElement是抽象類，用來表示組態檔中的 XML 專案， (例如 Web.config) 。 組態檔中的專案可以包含零、一或多個子元素。
因為類別 ConfigurationElement 定義為抽象，所以您無法建立它的實例。 您只能從中衍生類別。 .NET Framework 包含衍生自 類別的 ConfigurationElement 類別，以代表標準 XML 組態專案，例如 ConfigurationSection。 您也可以擴充 類別以存取自定義組 ConfigurationElement 態項目和區段。 本主題稍後所包含的範例示範如何使用衍生自 ConfigurationElement的自定義類別來存取自定義組態專案和區段。
您也可以擴充標準組態類型，例如 ConfigurationElement、 ConfigurationElementCollection、 ConfigurationProperty和 ConfigurationSection。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱這些類別的檔。
如需如何存取組態檔中資訊的詳細資訊，請參閱 ConfigurationManager 類別和 WebConfigurationManager 類別。
給實施者的注意事項
每個 ConfigurationElement 物件都會建立代表項目屬性或子專案集合的物件內部 ConfigurationPropertyCollection 集合 ConfigurationProperty 。
不可自訂的資訊和功能是由 ElementInformation 屬性所提供的 ElementInformation 物件所包含。
您可以使用程式設計或宣告式 (屬性化) 編碼模型來建立自訂組態專案：
程序設計模型需要針對每個元素屬性建立屬性，以取得或設定其值，並將它新增至基礎 ConfigurationElement 基類的內部屬性包。 如需如何使用此模型的範例，請參閱 類別 ConfigurationSection 。
更簡單的宣告式模型也稱為屬性模型，可讓您使用 屬性來定義元素屬性，然後使用屬性裝飾它。 這些屬性會指示 ASP.NET 組態系統屬性類型及其預設值。 透過反映取得這項資訊，ASP.NET 組態系統會為您建立元素屬性物件，並執行必要的初始化。 本主題稍後所示的範例示範如何使用此模型。
建構函式
| ConfigurationElement() |
初始化 ConfigurationElement 類別的新執行個體。 |
屬性
| CurrentConfiguration |
取得最上層 Configuration 執行個體的參考，這個執行個體表示目前 ConfigurationElement 執行個體所屬的組態階層架構。 |
| ElementInformation |
取得 ElementInformation 物件，其中包含 ConfigurationElement 物件之不可自訂的資訊和功能。 |
| ElementProperty |
取得表示 ConfigurationElementProperty 物件本身的 ConfigurationElement 物件。 |
| EvaluationContext |
取得 ConfigurationElement 物件的 ContextInformation 物件。 |
| HasContext |
取得值，指出 CurrentConfiguration 屬性是否為 |
| Item[ConfigurationProperty] |
取得或設定此組態項目的屬性 (Property) 或屬性 (Attribute)。 |
| Item[String] |
取得或設定此一組態項目的屬性或子項目。 |
| LockAllAttributesExcept |
取得已鎖定屬性的集合。 |
| LockAllElementsExcept |
取得已鎖定項目的集合。 |
| LockAttributes |
取得已鎖定屬性的集合。 |
| LockElements |
取得已鎖定項目的集合。 |
| LockItem |
取得或設定值，指出此項目是否已被鎖定。 |
| Properties |
取得屬性的集合。 |
