Convert.ChangeType 方法

參考

定義

命名空間:: System

組件:: System.Runtime.Extensions.dll

組件:: System.Runtime.dll

組件:: mscorlib.dll

組件:: netstandard.dll

重要

部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。

傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。

多載

ChangeType(Object, Type)	傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。
ChangeType(Object, TypeCode)	傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。
ChangeType(Object, Type, IFormatProvider)	傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。參數提供特定文化特性的格式資訊。
ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider)	傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。參數提供特定文化特性的格式資訊。

ChangeType(Object, Type)

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。

public:
 static System::Object ^ ChangeType(System::Object ^ value, Type ^ conversionType);

public static object ChangeType (object value, Type conversionType);

public static object? ChangeType (object? value, Type conversionType);

static member ChangeType : obj * Type -> obj

Public Shared Function ChangeType (value As Object, conversionType As Type) As Object

參數

value: Object

實作 IConvertible 介面的物件。

conversionType: Type

要傳回的物件類型。

傳回

Object

型別為 conversionType 且其值相當於 value的物件。

-或-

如果 value 是 null 且 conversionType 不是實值型別，則為 null 參考（Nothing 在 Visual Basic 中為。

例外狀況

InvalidCastException

不支援此轉換。

-或-

value 是 null，conversionType 是實值型別。

-或-

value 不會實作 IConvertible 介面。

FormatException

value 的格式不是 conversionType所辨識。

OverflowException

value 代表超出 conversionType範圍的數位。

ArgumentNullException

conversionType null。

範例

下列範例說明如何使用 ChangeType 方法。

using namespace System;

int main()
{
   Double d = -2.345;
   int i =  *safe_cast<Int32^>(Convert::ChangeType( d, int::typeid ));
   Console::WriteLine( "The double value {0} when converted to an int becomes {1}", d, i );
   String^ s = "12/12/98";
   DateTime dt =  *safe_cast<DateTime^>(Convert::ChangeType( s, DateTime::typeid ));
   Console::WriteLine( "The string value {0} when converted to a Date becomes {1}", s, dt );
}

using System;

public class ChangeTypeTest {
    public static void Main() {

        Double d = -2.345;
        int i = (int)Convert.ChangeType(d, typeof(int));

        Console.WriteLine("The double value {0} when converted to an int becomes {1}", d, i);

        string s = "12/12/98";
        DateTime dt = (DateTime)Convert.ChangeType(s, typeof(DateTime));

        Console.WriteLine("The string value {0} when converted to a Date becomes {1}", s, dt);
    }
}

open System

let d = -2.345
let i = Convert.ChangeType(d, typeof<int>) :?> int

printfn $"The double value {d} when converted to an int becomes {i}"

let s = "12/12/98"
let dt = Convert.ChangeType(s, typeof<DateTime>) :?> DateTime

printfn $"The string value {s} when converted to a Date becomes {dt}"

Public Class ChangeTypeTest
    
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Dim d As [Double] = - 2.345
        Dim i As Integer = CInt(Convert.ChangeType(d, GetType(Integer)))
        
        Console.WriteLine("The double value {0} when converted to an int becomes {1}", d, i)
        Dim s As String = "12/12/98"
        Dim dt As DateTime = CType(Convert.ChangeType(s, GetType(DateTime)), DateTime)
        
        Console.WriteLine("The string value {0} when converted to a Date becomes {1}", s, dt)
    End Sub
End Class

備註

ChangeType 是一般用途的轉換方法，可將 value 指定的物件轉換成 conversionType。 value 參數可以是任何類型的物件，conversionType 也可以是代表任何基底或自定義類型的 Type 物件。若要讓轉換成功，value 必須實作 IConvertible 介面，因為方法只會包裝對適當 IConvertible 方法的呼叫。方法需要支援將 value 轉換成 conversionType。

這個方法會使用目前線程的文化特性進行轉換。

給呼叫者的注意事項

ChangeType(Object, Type) 方法可以將列舉值轉換成另一種類型。不過，即使來源類型是列舉的基礎類型，它也無法將另一個類型轉換成列舉值。若要將類型轉換為列舉值，請使用轉換運算符（在 C#中）或轉換函式（在 Visual Basic 中）。下列範例說明從 Continent 列舉值的轉換。

using System;

public enum Continent
{
   Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe,
   NorthAmerica, SouthAmerica
};

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Convert a Continent to a Double.
      Continent cont = Continent.NorthAmerica;
      Console.WriteLine("{0:N2}",
                        Convert.ChangeType(cont, typeof(Double)));

      // Convert a Double to a Continent.
      Double number = 6.0;
      try {
         Console.WriteLine("{0}",
                           Convert.ChangeType(number, typeof(Continent)));
      }
      catch (InvalidCastException) {
         Console.WriteLine("Cannot convert a Double to a Continent");
      }

      Console.WriteLine("{0}", (Continent) number);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       5.00
//       Cannot convert a Double to a Continent
//       SouthAmerica

open System

type Continent =
    | Africa = 0
    | Antarctica = 1
    | Asia = 2
    | Australia = 3
    | Europe = 4
    | NorthAmerica = 5
    | SouthAmerica = 6

// Convert a Continent to a Double.
let cont = Continent.NorthAmerica
printfn $"{Convert.ChangeType(cont, typeof<Double>):N2}"

// Convert a Double to a Continent.
let number = 6.0
try
    printfn $"{Convert.ChangeType(number, typeof<Continent>)}"
with :? InvalidCastException ->
    printfn "Cannot convert a Double to a Continent"

printfn $"{int number |> enum<Continent>}"
// The example displays the following output:
//       5.00
//       Cannot convert a Double to a Continent
//       SouthAmerica

Public Enum Continent As Integer
   Africa = 0
   Antarctica = 1
   Asia = 2
   Australia = 3
   Europe = 4
   NorthAmerica = 5
   SouthAmerica = 6
End Enum

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Convert a Continent to a Double.
      Dim cont As Continent = Continent.NorthAmerica
      Console.WriteLine("{0:N2}", 
                        Convert.ChangeType(cont, GetType(Double)))
   
      ' Convert a Double to a Continent.
      Dim number As Double = 6.0
      Try
         Console.WriteLine("{0}", 
                           Convert.ChangeType(number, GetType(Continent)))
      Catch e As InvalidCastException
         Console.WriteLine("Cannot convert a Double to a Continent")
      End Try
      
      Console.WriteLine("{0}", CType(number, Continent))   
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    5.00
'    Cannot convert a Double to a Continent
'    SouthAmerica

ChangeType(Object, Type) 方法可以將可為 Null 的類型轉換成另一個類型。不過，即使 conversionType 是 Nullable<T>的基礎型別，它也無法將另一個型別轉換成可為 Null 型別的值。若要執行轉換，您可以使用轉換運算元（C#）或轉換函式（在 Visual Basic 中）。下列範例說明從可為 Null 型別來回轉換。

using System;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      int? intValue1 = 12893;
      double dValue1 = (double) Convert.ChangeType(intValue1, typeof(Double));
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", intValue1, intValue1.GetType().Name,
                        dValue1, dValue1.GetType().Name);

      float fValue1 = 16.3478f;
      int? intValue2 = (int) fValue1;
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", fValue1, fValue1.GetType().Name,
                        intValue2, intValue2.GetType().Name);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    12893 (Int32)--> 12893 (Double)
//    16.3478 (Single)--> 16 (Int32)

open System

let intValue1 = Nullable 12893
let dValue1 = Convert.ChangeType(intValue1, typeof<Double>) :?> double
printfn $"{intValue1} ({intValue1.GetType().Name})--> {dValue1} ({dValue1.GetType().Name})" 

let fValue1 = 16.3478f
let intValue2 = Nullable(int fValue1)
printfn $"{fValue1} ({fValue1.GetType().Name})--> {intValue2} ({intValue2.GetType().Name})"

// The example displays the following output:
//    12893 (Int32)--> 12893 (Double)
//    16.3478 (Single)--> 16 (Int32)

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim intValue1 As Integer? = 12893
      Dim dValue1 As Double = CType(Convert.ChangeType(intValue1, GetType(Double)), Double)
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", intValue1, intValue1.GetType().Name,
                        dValue1, dValue1.GetType().Name)
      

      Dim fValue1 As Single = 16.3478
      Dim intValue2 As Integer? = CType(fValue1, Integer) 
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", fValue1, fValue1.GetType().Name,
                        intValue2, intValue2.GetType().Name)
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       12893 (Int32)--> 12893 (Double)
'       16.3478 (Single)--> 16 (Int32)

適用於

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode)

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。

public:
 static System::Object ^ ChangeType(System::Object ^ value, TypeCode typeCode);

public static object? ChangeType (object? value, TypeCode typeCode);

public static object ChangeType (object value, TypeCode typeCode);

static member ChangeType : obj * TypeCode -> obj

Public Shared Function ChangeType (value As Object, typeCode As TypeCode) As Object

參數

value: Object

實作 IConvertible 介面的物件。

typeCode: TypeCode

要傳回的物件類型。

傳回

Object

物件，其基礎型別為 typeCode，其值相當於 value。

-或-

如果 value 為 null，且 typeCode 為 Empty、String或 Object，則為 null 參考（Nothing 在 Visual Basic 中）。

例外狀況

InvalidCastException

不支援此轉換。

-或-

value 是 null，typeCode 指定實值型別。

-或-

value 不會實作 IConvertible 介面。

FormatException

value 不是 typeCode 類型所辨識的格式。

OverflowException

value 代表超出 typeCode 類型範圍的數位。

ArgumentException

typeCode 無效。

範例

下列範例說明如何使用 ChangeType(Object, TypeCode) 方法，盡可能將 Object 變更為 TypeCode 參數所指定的類型。

using namespace System;

void main()
{
   Double d = -2.345;
   int i = (int) Convert::ChangeType(d, TypeCode::Int32);

   Console::WriteLine("The Double {0} when converted to an Int32 is {1}", d, i);

   String^ s = "12/12/2009";
   DateTime dt = (DateTime)Convert::ChangeType(s, DateTime::typeid);

   Console::WriteLine("The String {0} when converted to a Date is {1}", s, dt);        
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The Double -2.345 when converted to an Int32 is -2
//    The String 12/12/2009 when converted to a Date is 12/12/2009 12:00:00 AM

using System;

public class ChangeTypeTest {
    public static void Main() {

        Double d = -2.345;
        int i = (int)Convert.ChangeType(d, TypeCode.Int32);

        Console.WriteLine("The Double {0} when converted to an Int32 is {1}", d, i);

        string s = "12/12/2009";
        DateTime dt = (DateTime)Convert.ChangeType(s, typeof(DateTime));

        Console.WriteLine("The String {0} when converted to a Date is {1}", s, dt);
    }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The Double -2.345 when converted to an Int32 is -2
//    The String 12/12/2009 when converted to a Date is 12/12/2009 12:00:00 AM

open System

let d = -2.345
let i = Convert.ChangeType(d, TypeCode.Int32) :?> int

printfn $"The Double {d} when converted to an Int32 is {i}"

let s = "12/12/2009"
let dt = Convert.ChangeType(s, typeof<DateTime>) :?> DateTime

printfn $"The String {s} when converted to a Date is {dt}"
// The example displays the following output:
//    The Double -2.345 when converted to an Int32 is -2
//    The String 12/12/2009 when converted to a Date is 12/12/2009 12:00:00 AM

Public Class ChangeTypeTest
    
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Dim d As [Double] = - 2.345
        Dim i As Integer = CInt(Convert.ChangeType(d, TypeCode.Int32))
        
        Console.WriteLine("The Double {0} when converted to an Int32 is {1}", d, i)
        Dim s As String = "12/12/2009"
        Dim dt As DateTime = CDate(Convert.ChangeType(s, TypeCode.DateTime))
        
        Console.WriteLine("The String {0} when converted to a Date is {1}", s, dt)
    End Sub 
End Class 
' The example displays the following output:
'    The Double -2.345 when converted to an Int32 is -2
'    The String 12/12/2009 when converted to a Date is 12/12/2009 12:00:00 AM

備註

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode) 是一般用途的轉換方法，可將 value 所指定的物件轉換成 typeCode所指定的預先定義型別。 value 參數可以是任何類型的物件。若要讓轉換成功，value 必須實作 IConvertible 介面，因為方法只會包裝對適當 IConvertible 方法的呼叫。方法也需要支援將 value 轉換成 typeCode。

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode) 方法不支援將 value 轉換成自定義類型。若要執行這類轉換，請呼叫 ChangeType(Object, Type) 方法。

適用於

ChangeType(Object, Type, IFormatProvider)

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。參數提供特定文化特性的格式資訊。

public:
 static System::Object ^ ChangeType(System::Object ^ value, Type ^ conversionType, IFormatProvider ^ provider);

public static object ChangeType (object value, Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider);

public static object? ChangeType (object? value, Type conversionType, IFormatProvider? provider);

static member ChangeType : obj * Type * IFormatProvider -> obj

Public Shared Function ChangeType (value As Object, conversionType As Type, provider As IFormatProvider) As Object

參數

value: Object

實作 IConvertible 介面的物件。

conversionType: Type

要傳回的物件類型。

provider: IFormatProvider

物件，提供特定文化特性的格式資訊。

傳回

Object

型別為 conversionType 且其值相當於 value的物件。

-或-

value，如果 value 和 conversionType 的 Type 相等。

-或-

如果 value 是 null 且 conversionType 不是實值型別，則為 null 參考（Nothing 在 Visual Basic 中為。

例外狀況

InvalidCastException

不支援此轉換。

-或-

value 是 null，conversionType 是實值型別。

-或-

value 不會實作 IConvertible 介面。

FormatException

value 的格式不是 provider所辨識的 conversionType 格式。

OverflowException

value 代表超出 conversionType範圍的數位。

ArgumentNullException

conversionType null。

範例

下列範例會定義實作 IConvertible 介面的 Temperature 類別。

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Globalization;

public ref class Temperature : IConvertible
{
private:
   Decimal m_Temp;

public:
   Temperature(Decimal temperature)
   {
      m_Temp = temperature;
   }
   
   property Decimal Celsius {
      Decimal get() { return m_Temp; }
   }
   
   property Decimal Kelvin {
      Decimal get() { return m_Temp + (Decimal) 273.15; }
   }
   
   property Decimal Fahrenheit {
      Decimal get() { return Math::Round((Decimal) (m_Temp * 9 / 5 + 32), 2); }
   }
   
   virtual String^ ToString()
   override {
      return m_Temp.ToString("N2") + "�C";
   }

   // IConvertible implementations.
   virtual TypeCode GetTypeCode()
   {
      return TypeCode::Object;
   }
   
   virtual bool ToBoolean(IFormatProvider^ provider) 
   {
      if (m_Temp == 0)
         return false;
      else
         return true;
   } 
   
   virtual Byte ToByte(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < Byte::MinValue || m_Temp > Byte::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the Byte type.", 
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToByte(m_Temp);
   }
   
   virtual Char ToChar(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      throw gcnew InvalidCastException("Temperature to Char conversion is not supported.");
   } 
   
   virtual DateTime ToDateTime(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      throw gcnew InvalidCastException("Temperature to DateTime conversion is not supported.");
   }
   
   virtual Decimal ToDecimal(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      return m_Temp;
   }
   
   virtual Double ToDouble(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      return Decimal::ToDouble(m_Temp);
   }   
   
   virtual Int16 ToInt16(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < Int16::MinValue || m_Temp > Int16::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the Int16 type.",
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToInt16(m_Temp);
   }
   
   virtual Int32 ToInt32(IFormatProvider^ provider)
      {
      if (m_Temp < Int32::MinValue || m_Temp > Int32::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the Int32 type.",
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToInt32(m_Temp);
   }
   
   virtual Int64 ToInt64(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < Int64::MinValue || m_Temp > Int64::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the Int64 type.",
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToInt64(m_Temp);
   }
   
   virtual SByte ToSByte(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < SByte::MinValue || m_Temp > SByte::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the SByte type.",
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToSByte(m_Temp);
   }

   virtual Single ToSingle(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      return Decimal::ToSingle(m_Temp);
   }

   virtual String^ ToString(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      return m_Temp.ToString("N2", provider) + "�C";
   }
   
   virtual Object^ ToType(Type^ conversionType, IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      switch (Type::GetTypeCode(conversionType))
      {
      case TypeCode::Boolean: 
            return ToBoolean(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Byte:
            return ToByte(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Char:
            return ToChar(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::DateTime:
            return ToDateTime(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Decimal:
            return ToDecimal(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Double:
            return ToDouble(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Int16:
            return ToInt16(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Int32:
            return ToInt32(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Int64:
            return ToInt64(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Object:
            if (Temperature::typeid->Equals(conversionType))
               return this;
            else
               throw gcnew InvalidCastException(String::Format("Conversion to a {0} is not supported.",
                                                            conversionType->Name));
      case TypeCode::SByte:
            return ToSByte(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::Single:
            return ToSingle(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::String:
            return ToString(provider);
      case TypeCode::UInt16:
            return ToUInt16(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::UInt32:
            return ToUInt32(nullptr);
      case TypeCode::UInt64:
            return ToUInt64(nullptr);   
         default:
            throw gcnew InvalidCastException(String::Format("Conversion to {0} is not supported.", conversionType->Name));   
      }
   }
   
   virtual UInt16 ToUInt16(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < UInt16::MinValue || m_Temp > UInt16::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt16 type.",
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToUInt16(m_Temp);
   }

   virtual UInt32 ToUInt32(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < UInt32::MinValue || m_Temp > UInt32::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt32 type.",
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToUInt32(m_Temp);
   }
   
   virtual UInt64 ToUInt64(IFormatProvider^ provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < UInt64::MinValue || m_Temp > UInt64::MaxValue)
         throw gcnew OverflowException(String::Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt64 type.",
                                                   m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal::ToUInt64(m_Temp);
   }
};

using System;
using System.Globalization;

public class Temperature : IConvertible
{
   private decimal m_Temp;

   public Temperature(decimal temperature)
   {
      this.m_Temp = temperature;
   }

   public decimal Celsius
   {
      get { return this.m_Temp; }
   }

   public decimal Kelvin
   {
      get { return this.m_Temp + 273.15m; }
   }

   public decimal Fahrenheit
   {
      get { return Math.Round((decimal) (this.m_Temp * 9 / 5 + 32), 2); }
   }

   public override string ToString()
   {
      return m_Temp.ToString("N2") + "°C";
   }

   // IConvertible implementations.
   public TypeCode GetTypeCode()
   {
      return TypeCode.Object;
   }

   public bool ToBoolean(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp == 0)
         return false;
      else
         return true;
   }

   public byte ToByte(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (m_Temp < Byte.MinValue || m_Temp > Byte.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Byte type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToByte(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public char ToChar(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      throw new InvalidCastException("Temperature to Char conversion is not supported.");
   }

   public DateTime ToDateTime(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      throw new InvalidCastException("Temperature to DateTime conversion is not supported.");
   }

   public decimal ToDecimal(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      return this.m_Temp;
   }

   public double ToDouble(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      return Decimal.ToDouble(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public short ToInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (this.m_Temp < Int16.MinValue || this.m_Temp > Int16.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Int16 type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToInt16(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public int ToInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
      {
      if (this.m_Temp < Int32.MinValue || this.m_Temp > Int32.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Int32 type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToInt32(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public long ToInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (this.m_Temp < Int64.MinValue || this.m_Temp > Int64.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Int64 type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToInt64(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public sbyte ToSByte(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (this.m_Temp < SByte.MinValue || this.m_Temp > SByte.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the SByte type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToSByte(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public float ToSingle(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      return Decimal.ToSingle(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public string ToString(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      return m_Temp.ToString("N2", provider) + "°C";
   }

   public object ToType(Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      switch (Type.GetTypeCode(conversionType))
      {
         case TypeCode.Boolean:
            return this.ToBoolean(null);
         case TypeCode.Byte:
            return this.ToByte(null);
         case TypeCode.Char:
            return this.ToChar(null);
         case TypeCode.DateTime:
            return this.ToDateTime(null);
         case TypeCode.Decimal:
            return this.ToDecimal(null);
         case TypeCode.Double:
            return this.ToDouble(null);
         case TypeCode.Int16:
            return this.ToInt16(null);
         case TypeCode.Int32:
            return this.ToInt32(null);
         case TypeCode.Int64:
            return this.ToInt64(null);
         case TypeCode.Object:
            if (typeof(Temperature).Equals(conversionType))
               return this;
            else
               throw new InvalidCastException(String.Format("Conversion to a {0} is not supported.",
                                                            conversionType.Name));
         case TypeCode.SByte:
            return this.ToSByte(null);
         case TypeCode.Single:
            return this.ToSingle(null);
         case TypeCode.String:
            return this.ToString(provider);
         case TypeCode.UInt16:
            return this.ToUInt16(null);
         case TypeCode.UInt32:
            return this.ToUInt32(null);
         case TypeCode.UInt64:
            return this.ToUInt64(null);
         default:
            throw new InvalidCastException(String.Format("Conversion to {0} is not supported.", conversionType.Name));
      }
   }

   public ushort ToUInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (this.m_Temp < UInt16.MinValue || this.m_Temp > UInt16.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt16 type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToUInt16(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public uint ToUInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (this.m_Temp < UInt32.MinValue || this.m_Temp > UInt32.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt32 type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToUInt32(this.m_Temp);
   }

   public ulong ToUInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
   {
      if (this.m_Temp < UInt64.MinValue || this.m_Temp > UInt64.MaxValue)
         throw new OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt64 type.",
                                                   this.m_Temp));
      else
         return Decimal.ToUInt64(this.m_Temp);
   }
}

open System
open System.Globalization

type Temperature(temperature: decimal) = 

    member _.Celsius = temperature

    member _.Kelvin =
        temperature + 273.15m

    member _.Fahrenheit =
        Math.Round(decimal (temperature * 9m / 5m + 32m), 2)

    override _.ToString() =
        temperature.ToString "N2" + "°C"

    // IConvertible implementations.
    interface IConvertible with
        member _.GetTypeCode() =
            TypeCode.Object

        member _.ToBoolean(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            temperature <> 0M

        member _.ToByte(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal Byte.MinValue || temperature > decimal Byte.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the Byte type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToByte temperature

        member _.ToChar(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            raise (InvalidCastException "Temperature to Char conversion is not supported.")

        member _.ToDateTime(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            raise (InvalidCastException "Temperature to DateTime conversion is not supported.")

        member _.ToDecimal(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            temperature

        member _.ToDouble(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            Decimal.ToDouble temperature

        member _.ToInt16(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal Int16.MinValue || temperature > decimal Int16.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the Int16 type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToInt16 temperature

        member _.ToInt32(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal Int32.MinValue || temperature > decimal Int32.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the Int32 type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToInt32 temperature

        member _.ToInt64(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal Int64.MinValue || temperature > decimal Int64.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the Int64 type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToInt64 temperature

        member _.ToSByte(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal SByte.MinValue || temperature > decimal SByte.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the SByte type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToSByte temperature

        member _.ToSingle(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            Decimal.ToSingle temperature

        member _.ToString(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            temperature.ToString("N2", provider) + "°C"

        member this.ToType(conversionType: Type, provider: IFormatProvider) =
            let this = this :> IConvertible
            match Type.GetTypeCode conversionType with
            | TypeCode.Boolean->
                this.ToBoolean null
            | TypeCode.Byte ->
                this.ToByte null
            | TypeCode.Char ->
                this.ToChar null
            | TypeCode.DateTime ->
                this.ToDateTime null
            | TypeCode.Decimal ->
                this.ToDecimal null
            | TypeCode.Double ->
                this.ToDouble null
            | TypeCode.Int16 ->
                this.ToInt16 null
            | TypeCode.Int32 ->
                this.ToInt32 null
            | TypeCode.Int64 ->
                this.ToInt64 null
            | TypeCode.Object ->
                if typeof<Temperature>.Equals conversionType then
                    this
                else
                    raise (InvalidCastException $"Conversion to a {conversionType.Name} is not supported.")
            | TypeCode.SByte ->
                this.ToSByte null
            | TypeCode.Single ->
                this.ToSingle null
            | TypeCode.String ->
                this.ToString provider
            | TypeCode.UInt16 ->
                this.ToUInt16 null
            | TypeCode.UInt32->
                this.ToUInt32 null
            | TypeCode.UInt64->
                this.ToUInt64 null
            | _ ->
                raise (InvalidCastException $"Conversion to {conversionType.Name} is not supported.")

        member _.ToUInt16(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal UInt16.MinValue || temperature > decimal UInt16.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the UInt16 type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToUInt16 temperature

        member _.ToUInt32(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal UInt32.MinValue || temperature > decimal UInt32.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the UInt32 type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToUInt32 temperature

        member _.ToUInt64(provider: IFormatProvider) =
            if temperature < decimal UInt64.MinValue || temperature > decimal UInt64.MaxValue then
                raise (OverflowException $"{temperature} is out of range of the UInt64 type.")
            else
                Decimal.ToUInt64 temperature

Imports System.Globalization

Public Class Temperature : Implements IConvertible
   Private m_Temp As Decimal

   Public Sub New(temperature As Decimal)
      Me.m_Temp = temperature
   End Sub
   
   Public ReadOnly Property Celsius() As Decimal
      Get
         Return Me.m_Temp
      End Get   
   End Property
   
   Public ReadOnly Property Kelvin() As Decimal
      Get
         Return Me.m_Temp + 273.15d   
      End Get
   End Property
   
   Public ReadOnly Property Fahrenheit() As Decimal
      Get
         Return Math.Round(CDec(Me.m_Temp * 9 / 5 + 32), 2)
      End Get      
   End Property
   
   Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
      Return m_Temp.ToString("N2") & "°C"
   End Function

   ' IConvertible implementations.
   Public Function GetTypeCode() As TypeCode _
                   Implements IConvertible.GetTypeCode
      Return TypeCode.Object
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToBoolean(provider As IFormatProvider) As Boolean _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToBoolean
      If m_Temp = 0 Then
         Return False
      Else
         Return True
      End If
   End Function 
   
   Public Function ToByte(provider As IFormatProvider) As Byte _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToByte
      If m_Temp < Byte.MinValue Or m_Temp > Byte.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Byte type.", _ 
                                                   Me.m_Temp)) 
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToByte(Me.m_Temp)
      End If       
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToChar(provider As IFormatProvider) As Char _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToChar
      Throw New InvalidCastException("Temperature to Char conversion is not supported.")
   End Function 
   
   Public Function ToDateTime(provider As IFormatProvider) As Date _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToDateTime
      Throw New InvalidCastException("Temperature to DateTime conversion is not supported.")
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToDecimal(provider As IFormatProvider) As Decimal _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToDecimal
      Return Me.m_Temp
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToDouble(provider As IFormatProvider) As Double _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToDouble
      Return Decimal.ToDouble(Me.m_Temp)
   End Function   
   
   Public Function ToInt16(provider As IFormatProvider) As Int16 _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToInt16
      If Me.m_Temp < Int16.MinValue Or Me.m_Temp > Int16.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Int16 type.", _
                                                   Me.m_Temp))
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToInt16(Me.m_Temp)   
      End If
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToInt32(provider As IFormatProvider) As Int32 _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToInt32
      If Me.m_Temp < Int32.MinValue Or Me.m_Temp > Int32.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Int32 type.", _
                                                   Me.m_Temp))
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToInt32(Me.m_Temp)
      End If      
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToInt64(provider As IFormatProvider) As Int64 _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToInt64
      If Me.m_Temp < Int64.MinValue Or Me.m_Temp > Int64.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the Int64 type.", _
                                                   Me.m_Temp))
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToInt64(Me.m_Temp)
      End If      
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToSByte(provider As IFormatProvider) As SByte _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToSByte
      If Me.m_Temp < SByte.MinValue Or Me.m_Temp > SByte.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the SByte type.", _
                                                   Me.m_Temp))
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToSByte(Me.m_Temp)
      End If      
   End Function

   Public Function ToSingle(provider As IFormatProvider) As Single _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToSingle
      Return Decimal.ToSingle(Me.m_Temp)
   End Function

   Public Overloads Function ToString(provider As IFormatProvider) As String _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToString
      Return m_Temp.ToString("N2", provider) & "°C"
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToType(conversionType As Type, provider As IFormatProvider) As Object _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToType
      Select Case Type.GetTypeCode(conversionType)
         Case TypeCode.Boolean 
            Return Me.ToBoolean(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Byte
            Return Me.ToByte(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Char
            Return Me.ToChar(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.DateTime
            Return Me.ToDateTime(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Decimal
            Return Me.ToDecimal(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Double
            Return Me.ToDouble(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Int16
            Return Me.ToInt16(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Int32
            Return Me.ToInt32(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Int64
            Return Me.ToInt64(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Object
            If GetType(Temperature).Equals(conversionType) Then
               Return Me
            Else
               Throw New InvalidCastException(String.Format("Conversion to a {0} is not supported.", _
                                                            conversionType.Name))
            End If 
         Case TypeCode.SByte
            Return Me.ToSByte(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.Single
            Return Me.ToSingle(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.String
            Return Me.ToString(provider)
         Case TypeCode.UInt16
            Return Me.ToUInt16(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.UInt32
            Return Me.ToUInt32(Nothing)
         Case TypeCode.UInt64
            Return Me.ToUInt64(Nothing)   
         Case Else
            Throw New InvalidCastException(String.Format("Conversion to {0} is not supported.", conversionType.Name))   
      End Select
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToUInt16(provider As IFormatProvider) As UInt16 _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToUInt16
      If Me.m_Temp < UInt16.MinValue Or Me.m_Temp > UInt16.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt16 type.", _
                                                   Me.m_Temp))
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToUInt16(Me.m_Temp)
      End If   
   End Function

   Public Function ToUInt32(provider As IFormatProvider) As UInt32 _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToUInt32
      If Me.m_Temp < UInt32.MinValue Or Me.m_Temp > UInt32.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt32 type.", _
                                                   Me.m_Temp))
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToUInt32(Me.m_Temp)
      End If   
   End Function
   
   Public Function ToUInt64(provider As IFormatProvider) As UInt64 _
                   Implements IConvertible.ToUInt64
      If Me.m_Temp < UInt64.MinValue Or Me.m_Temp > UInt64.MaxValue Then
         Throw New OverflowException(String.Format("{0} is out of range of the UInt64 type.", _
                                                   Me.m_Temp))
      Else
         Return Decimal.ToUInt64(Me.m_temp)
      End If   
   End Function
End Class

下列範例會建立 Temperature 類別的實例，並呼叫 ChangeType(Object, Type, IFormatProvider) 方法，將它轉換成 .NET 支援的基本數值型別，以及轉換成 String。它說明 ChangeType 方法會包裝對來源類型 IConvertible 實作的呼叫。

void main()
{     
   Temperature^ cool = gcnew Temperature(5);
   array<Type^>^ targetTypes = gcnew array<Type^> { SByte::typeid, Int16::typeid, Int32::typeid,
                                                    Int64::typeid, Byte::typeid, UInt16::typeid,
                                                    UInt32::typeid, UInt64::typeid, Decimal::typeid,
                                                    Single::typeid, Double::typeid, String::typeid };
   CultureInfo^ provider = gcnew CultureInfo("fr-FR");
      
   for each (Type^ targetType in targetTypes)
   {
      try {
         Object^ value = Convert::ChangeType(cool, targetType, provider);
         Console::WriteLine("Converted {0} {1} to {2} {3}.",
                           cool->GetType()->Name, cool->ToString(),
                           targetType->Name, value);
      }
      catch (InvalidCastException^) {
         Console::WriteLine("Unsupported {0} --> {1} conversion.",
                           cool->GetType()->Name, targetType->Name);
      }                     
      catch (OverflowException^) {
         Console::WriteLine("{0} is out of range of the {1} type.",
                           cool, targetType->Name);
      }
   }
}
// The example dosplays the following output:
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to SByte 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to Int16 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to Int32 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to Int64 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to Byte 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to UInt16 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to UInt32 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to UInt64 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to Decimal 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to Single 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to Double 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00�C to String 5,00�C.

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      Temperature cool = new Temperature(5);
      Type[] targetTypes = { typeof(SByte), typeof(Int16), typeof(Int32),
                             typeof(Int64), typeof(Byte), typeof(UInt16),
                             typeof(UInt32), typeof(UInt64), typeof(Decimal),
                             typeof(Single), typeof(Double), typeof(String) };
      CultureInfo provider = new CultureInfo("fr-FR");

      foreach (Type targetType in targetTypes)
      {
         try {
            object value = Convert.ChangeType(cool, targetType, provider);
            Console.WriteLine("Converted {0} {1} to {2} {3}.",
                              cool.GetType().Name, cool.ToString(),
                              targetType.Name, value);
         }
         catch (InvalidCastException) {
            Console.WriteLine("Unsupported {0} --> {1} conversion.",
                              cool.GetType().Name, targetType.Name);
         }
         catch (OverflowException) {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} is out of range of the {1} type.",
                              cool, targetType.Name);
         }
      }
   }
}
// The example dosplays the following output:
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to SByte 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int16 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int32 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int64 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Byte 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt16 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt32 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt64 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Decimal 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Single 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Double 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to String 5,00°C.

let cool = Temperature 5
let targetTypes = 
    [ typeof<SByte>; typeof<Int16>; typeof<Int32>
      typeof<Int64>; typeof<Byte>; typeof<UInt16>
      typeof<UInt32>; typeof<UInt64>; typeof<Decimal>;
      typeof<Single>; typeof<Double>; typeof<String>; ]

let provider = CultureInfo "fr-FR"

for targetType in targetTypes do
    try
        let value = Convert.ChangeType(cool, targetType, provider)
        printfn $"Converted {cool.GetType().Name} {cool} to {targetType.Name} {value}."
    with
    | :? InvalidCastException ->
        printfn $"Unsupported {cool.GetType().Name} --> {targetType.Name} conversion."
    | :? OverflowException ->
        printfn $"{cool} is out of range of the {targetType.Name} type."

// The example dosplays the following output:
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to SByte 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int16 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int32 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int64 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Byte 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt16 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt32 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt64 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Decimal 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Single 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Double 5.
//       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to String 5,00°C.

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim cool As New Temperature(5)
      Dim targetTypes() As Type = { GetType(SByte), GetType(Int16), GetType(Int32), _
                                    GetType(Int64), GetType(Byte), GetType(UInt16), _
                                    GetType(UInt32), GetType(UInt64), GetType(Decimal), _
                                    GetType(Single), GetType(Double), GetType(String) }
      Dim provider As New CultureInfo("fr-FR")
      
      For Each targetType As Type In targetTypes
         Try
            Dim value As Object = Convert.ChangeType(cool, targetType, provider)
            Console.WriteLine("Converted {0} {1} to {2} {3}.", _
                              cool.GetType().Name, cool.ToString(), _
                              targetType.Name, value)
         Catch e As InvalidCastException
            Console.WriteLine("Unsupported {0} --> {1} conversion.", _
                              cool.GetType().Name, targetType.Name)
         Catch e As OverflowException
            Console.WriteLine("{0} is out of range of the {1} type.", _
                              cool, targetType.Name)
         End Try                     
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to SByte 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int16 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int32 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Int64 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Byte 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt16 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt32 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to UInt64 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Decimal 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Single 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to Double 5.
'       Converted Temperature 5.00°C to String 5,00°C.

備註

provider 參數是 IFormatProvider 實作，可提供轉換的格式資訊。使用此參數的方式和方式取決於基礎 IConvertible 實作。如果 value 是基底資料類型，provider 只會用於下列轉換：

從數位轉換成字串，或從字串轉換成數位。 provider 必須是傳回 NumberFormatInfo 物件的 CultureInfo 物件、NumberFormatInfo 物件或自定義 IFormatProvider 實作。不過，由於 ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider) 方法會使用預設的「G」格式規範來執行轉換，因此如果 value 或目標類型為不帶正負號的整數，provider 參數就沒有作用。如果 provider 是 null，則會使用代表目前文化特性的 CultureInfo 物件。
從 DateTime 值轉換成字串，或從字串轉換成 DateTime 值。 provider 必須是 CultureInfo 或 DateTimeFormatInfo 物件。如果 provider 是 null，則會使用代表目前文化特性的 CultureInfo 物件。

如果 value 是應用程式定義的類型，其 IConvertible 實作可能會使用 provider 參數。

給呼叫者的注意事項

ChangeType(Object, Type, IFormatProvider) 方法可以將列舉值轉換成另一種類型。不過，即使來源類型是列舉的基礎類型，它也無法將另一個類型轉換成列舉值。若要將類型轉換為列舉值，請使用轉換運算符（在 C#中）或轉換函式（在 Visual Basic 中）。下列範例說明從 Continent 列舉值的轉換。

using System;

public enum Continent
{
   Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe,
   NorthAmerica, SouthAmerica
};

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Convert a Continent to a Double.
      Continent cont = Continent.NorthAmerica;
      Console.WriteLine("{0:N2}",
                        Convert.ChangeType(cont, typeof(Double)));

      // Convert a Double to a Continent.
      Double number = 6.0;
      try {
         Console.WriteLine("{0}",
                           Convert.ChangeType(number, typeof(Continent)));
      }
      catch (InvalidCastException) {
         Console.WriteLine("Cannot convert a Double to a Continent");
      }

      Console.WriteLine("{0}", (Continent) number);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       5.00
//       Cannot convert a Double to a Continent
//       SouthAmerica

open System

type Continent =
    | Africa = 0
    | Antarctica = 1
    | Asia = 2
    | Australia = 3
    | Europe = 4
    | NorthAmerica = 5
    | SouthAmerica = 6

// Convert a Continent to a Double.
let cont = Continent.NorthAmerica
printfn $"{Convert.ChangeType(cont, typeof<Double>):N2}"

// Convert a Double to a Continent.
let number = 6.0
try
    printfn $"{Convert.ChangeType(number, typeof<Continent>)}"
with :? InvalidCastException ->
    printfn "Cannot convert a Double to a Continent"

printfn $"{int number |> enum<Continent>}"
// The example displays the following output:
//       5.00
//       Cannot convert a Double to a Continent
//       SouthAmerica

Public Enum Continent As Integer
   Africa = 0
   Antarctica = 1
   Asia = 2
   Australia = 3
   Europe = 4
   NorthAmerica = 5
   SouthAmerica = 6
End Enum

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Convert a Continent to a Double.
      Dim cont As Continent = Continent.NorthAmerica
      Console.WriteLine("{0:N2}", 
                        Convert.ChangeType(cont, GetType(Double)))
   
      ' Convert a Double to a Continent.
      Dim number As Double = 6.0
      Try
         Console.WriteLine("{0}", 
                           Convert.ChangeType(number, GetType(Continent)))
      Catch e As InvalidCastException
         Console.WriteLine("Cannot convert a Double to a Continent")
      End Try
      
      Console.WriteLine("{0}", CType(number, Continent))   
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    5.00
'    Cannot convert a Double to a Continent
'    SouthAmerica

ChangeType(Object, Type, IFormatProvider) 方法可以將可為 Null 的類型轉換成另一個類型。不過，即使 conversionType 是 Nullable<T>的基礎型別，它也無法將另一個型別轉換成可為 Null 型別的值。若要執行轉換，您可以使用轉換運算元（C#）或轉換函式（在 Visual Basic 中）。下列範例說明從可為 Null 型別來回轉換。

using System;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      int? intValue1 = 12893;
      double dValue1 = (double) Convert.ChangeType(intValue1, typeof(Double), null);
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", intValue1, intValue1.GetType().Name,
                        dValue1, dValue1.GetType().Name);

      float fValue1 = 16.3478f;
      int? intValue2 = (int) fValue1;
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", fValue1, fValue1.GetType().Name,
                        intValue2, intValue2.GetType().Name);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    12893 (Int32)--> 12893 (Double)
//    16.3478 (Single)--> 16 (Int32)

open System

let intValue1 = Nullable 12893
let dValue1 = Convert.ChangeType(intValue1, typeof<Double>, null) :?> double
printfn $"{intValue1} ({intValue1.GetType().Name})--> {dValue1} ({dValue1.GetType().Name})"

let fValue1 = 16.3478f
let intValue2 = Nullable(int fValue1)
printfn $"{fValue1} ({fValue1.GetType().Name})--> {intValue2} ({intValue2.GetType().Name})"

// The example displays the following output:
//    12893 (Int32)--> 12893 (Double)
//    16.3478 (Single)--> 16 (Int32)

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim intValue1 As Integer? = 12893
      Dim dValue1 As Double = CType(Convert.ChangeType(intValue1, GetType(Double), Nothing), Double)
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", intValue1, intValue1.GetType().Name,
                        dValue1, dValue1.GetType().Name)
      

      Dim fValue1 As Single = 16.3478
      Dim intValue2 As Integer? = CType(fValue1, Integer) 
      Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})--> {2} ({3})", fValue1, fValue1.GetType().Name,
                        intValue2, intValue2.GetType().Name)
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       12893 (Int32)--> 12893 (Double)
'       16.3478 (Single)--> 16 (Int32)

適用於

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider)

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

來源:: Convert.cs

傳回指定型別的物件，其值相當於指定的物件。參數提供特定文化特性的格式資訊。

public:
 static System::Object ^ ChangeType(System::Object ^ value, TypeCode typeCode, IFormatProvider ^ provider);

public static object ChangeType (object value, TypeCode typeCode, IFormatProvider provider);

public static object? ChangeType (object? value, TypeCode typeCode, IFormatProvider? provider);

static member ChangeType : obj * TypeCode * IFormatProvider -> obj

Public Shared Function ChangeType (value As Object, typeCode As TypeCode, provider As IFormatProvider) As Object

參數

value: Object

實作 IConvertible 介面的物件。

typeCode: TypeCode

要傳回的物件類型。

provider: IFormatProvider

物件，提供特定文化特性的格式資訊。

傳回

Object

物件，其基礎型別為 typeCode，其值相當於 value。

-或-

如果 value 為 null，且 typeCode 為 Empty、String或 Object，則為 null 參考（Nothing 在 Visual Basic 中）。

例外狀況

InvalidCastException

不支援此轉換。

-或-

value 是 null，typeCode 指定實值型別。

-或-

value 不會實作 IConvertible 介面。

FormatException

value 不是 provider所辨識之 typeCode 型別的格式。

OverflowException

value 代表超出 typeCode 類型範圍的數位。

ArgumentException

typeCode 無效。

範例

下列範例會定義名為 InterceptProvider 的自定義格式提供者，指出呼叫其 GetFormat 方法的時機，並傳回 fr-FR 文化特性的 NumberFormatInfo，以及 en-US 文化特性的 DateTimeFormatInfo 物件。這個格式提供者會用於對 ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider) 方法的所有呼叫。然後，此範例會建立具有 Double 和 DateTime 值的陣列，並重複呼叫 ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider) 每個值和 TypeCode 列舉的每個成員。此範例說明方法何時使用 IFormatProvider 參數，也說明如何使用 provider 參數來執行區分文化特性的格式。

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Globalization;

ref class InterceptProvider : IFormatProvider
{
public: 
   virtual Object^ GetFormat(Type^ formatType) 
   {
      CultureInfo^ culture;
      if (formatType == NumberFormatInfo::typeid) {
         Console::WriteLine("   Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider.");
         
         culture = gcnew CultureInfo("fr-FR");
         return culture->NumberFormat;
      }  
      else if (formatType == DateTimeFormatInfo::typeid) {
         Console::WriteLine("   Returning an en-US date/time format provider.");
         culture = gcnew CultureInfo("en-US");
         return culture->DateTimeFormat;
      }
      else {
         Console::WriteLine("   Requesting a format provider of {0}.", formatType->Name);
         return nullptr;
      }
   }
};

void main()
{
   array<Object^>^ values = gcnew array<Object^> { 103.5, gcnew DateTime(2010, 12, 26, 14, 34, 0) };
   IFormatProvider^ provider = gcnew InterceptProvider();
      
   // Convert value to each of the types represented in TypeCode enum.
   for each (Object^ value in values)
   {
      // Iterate types in TypeCode enum.
      for each (TypeCode enumType in (array<TypeCode>^) Enum::GetValues(TypeCode::typeid))
      {         
         if (enumType == TypeCode::DBNull || enumType == TypeCode::Empty) continue;
            
         try {
            Console::WriteLine("{0} ({1}) --> {2} ({3}).", 
                              value, value->GetType()->Name,
                              Convert::ChangeType(value, enumType, provider),
                              enumType.ToString());
         }
         catch (InvalidCastException^ e) {
            Console::WriteLine("Cannot convert a {0} to a {1}",
                              value->GetType()->Name, enumType.ToString());
         }                     
         catch (OverflowException^ e) {
            Console::WriteLine("Overflow: {0} is out of the range of a {1}",
                              value, enumType.ToString());
         }
      }
      Console::WriteLine();
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Object).
//    103.5 (Double) --> True (Boolean).
//    Cannot convert a Double to a Char
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (SByte).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Byte).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int16).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt16).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int32).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt32).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int64).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt64).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Single).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Double).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Decimal).
//    Cannot convert a Double to a DateTime
//       Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider.
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103,5 (String).
//    
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (Object).
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Boolean
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Char
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a SByte
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Byte
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int16
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt16
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int32
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt32
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int64
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt64
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Single
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Double
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Decimal
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime).
//       Returning an en-US date/time format provider.
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (String).

using System;
using System.Globalization;

public class InterceptProvider : IFormatProvider
{
   public object GetFormat(Type formatType)
   {
      if (formatType == typeof(NumberFormatInfo)) {
         Console.WriteLine("   Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider.");
         return new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("fr-FR").NumberFormat;
      }
      else if (formatType == typeof(DateTimeFormatInfo)) {
         Console.WriteLine("   Returning an en-US date/time format provider.");
         return new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US").DateTimeFormat;
      }
      else {
         Console.WriteLine("   Requesting a format provider of {0}.", formatType.Name);
         return null;
      }
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      object[] values = { 103.5d, new DateTime(2010, 12, 26, 14, 34, 0) };
      IFormatProvider provider = new InterceptProvider();

      // Convert value to each of the types represented in TypeCode enum.
      foreach (object value in values)
      {
         // Iterate types in TypeCode enum.
         foreach (TypeCode enumType in ((TypeCode[]) Enum.GetValues(typeof(TypeCode))))
         {
            if (enumType == TypeCode.DBNull || enumType == TypeCode.Empty) continue;

            try {
               Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1}) --> {2} ({3}).",
                                 value, value.GetType().Name,
                                 Convert.ChangeType(value, enumType, provider),
                                 enumType.ToString());
            }
            catch (InvalidCastException) {
               Console.WriteLine("Cannot convert a {0} to a {1}",
                                 value.GetType().Name, enumType.ToString());
            }
            catch (OverflowException) {
               Console.WriteLine("Overflow: {0} is out of the range of a {1}",
                                 value, enumType.ToString());
            }
         }
         Console.WriteLine();
      }
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Object).
//    103.5 (Double) --> True (Boolean).
//    Cannot convert a Double to a Char
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (SByte).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Byte).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int16).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt16).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int32).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt32).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int64).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt64).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Single).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Double).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Decimal).
//    Cannot convert a Double to a DateTime
//       Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider.
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103,5 (String).
//
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (Object).
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Boolean
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Char
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a SByte
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Byte
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int16
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt16
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int32
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt32
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int64
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt64
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Single
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Double
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Decimal
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime).
//       Returning an en-US date/time format provider.
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (String).

open System
open System.Globalization

type InterceptProvider() =
    interface IFormatProvider with
        member _.GetFormat(formatType: Type) =
            if formatType = typeof<NumberFormatInfo> then
                printfn "   Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider."
                CultureInfo("fr-FR").NumberFormat
            elif formatType = typeof<DateTimeFormatInfo> then
                printfn "   Returning an en-US date/time format provider."
                CultureInfo("en-US").DateTimeFormat
            else
                printfn $"   Requesting a format provider of {formatType.Name}."
                null

let values: obj[] = [| 103.5; DateTime(2010, 12, 26, 14, 34, 0)|]
let provider = InterceptProvider()

// Convert value to each of the types represented in TypeCode enum.
for value in values do
    // Iterate types in TypeCode enum.
    for enumType in Enum.GetValues typeof<TypeCode> :?> TypeCode[] do
        match enumType with
        | TypeCode.DBNull | TypeCode.Empty -> ()
        | _ ->
            try
                printfn $"{value} ({value.GetType().Name}) --> {Convert.ChangeType(value, enumType, provider)} ({enumType})."
            with
            | :? InvalidCastException ->
                printfn $"Cannot convert a {value.GetType().Name} to a {enumType}"
            | :? OverflowException ->
                printfn $"Overflow: {value} is out of the range of a {enumType}"
    printfn ""

// The example displays the following output:
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Object).
//    103.5 (Double) --> True (Boolean).
//    Cannot convert a Double to a Char
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (SByte).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Byte).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int16).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt16).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int32).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt32).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int64).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt64).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Single).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Double).
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Decimal).
//    Cannot convert a Double to a DateTime
//       Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider.
//    103.5 (Double) --> 103,5 (String).
//
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (Object).
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Boolean
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Char
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a SByte
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Byte
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int16
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt16
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int32
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt32
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int64
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt64
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Single
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Double
//    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Decimal
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime).
//       Returning an en-US date/time format provider.
//    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (String).

Imports System.Globalization

Public Class InterceptProvider : Implements IFormatProvider
   Public Function GetFormat(formatType As Type) As Object _
          Implements IFormatProvider.GetFormat
      If formatType.Equals(GetType(NumberFormatInfo)) Then
         Console.WriteLine("   Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider.")
         Return New CultureInfo("fr-FR").NumberFormat
      ElseIf formatType.Equals(GetType(DateTimeFormatInfo)) Then
         Console.WriteLine("   Returning an en-US date/time format provider.")
         Return New CultureInfo("en-US").DateTimeFormat
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("   Requesting a format provider of {0}.", formatType.Name)
         Return Nothing
      End If
   End Function
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim values() As Object = { 103.5r, #12/26/2010 2:34PM# }
      Dim provider As New InterceptProvider()
      
      ' Convert value to each of the types represented in TypeCode enum.
      For Each value As Object In values
         ' Iterate types in TypeCode enum.
         For Each enumType As TypeCode In DirectCast([Enum].GetValues(GetType(TypeCode)), TypeCode())         
            If enumType = TypeCode.DbNull Or enumType = TypeCode.Empty Then Continue For
            
            Try
               Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1}) --> {2} ({3}).", _
                                 value, value.GetType().Name, _
                                 Convert.ChangeType(value, enumType, provider), _
                                 enumType.ToString())
            Catch e As InvalidCastException
               Console.WriteLine("Cannot convert a {0} to a {1}", _
                                 value.GetType().Name, enumType.ToString())
            Catch e As OverflowException
               Console.WriteLine("Overflow: {0} is out of the range of a {1}", _
                                 value, enumType.ToString())
            End Try
         Next
         Console.WriteLine()
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Object).
'    103.5 (Double) --> True (Boolean).
'    Cannot convert a Double to a Char
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (SByte).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Byte).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int16).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt16).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int32).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt32).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (Int64).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 104 (UInt64).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Single).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Double).
'    103.5 (Double) --> 103.5 (Decimal).
'    Cannot convert a Double to a DateTime
'       Returning a fr-FR numeric format provider.
'    103.5 (Double) --> 103,5 (String).
'    
'    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (Object).
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Boolean
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Char
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a SByte
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Byte
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int16
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt16
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int32
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt32
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Int64
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a UInt64
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Single
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Double
'    Cannot convert a DateTime to a Decimal
'    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime).
'       Returning an en-US date/time format provider.
'    12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (DateTime) --> 12/26/2010 2:34:00 PM (String).

備註

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider) 是一般用途的轉換方法，可將 value 所指定的物件轉換成 typeCode所指定的預先定義型別。 value 參數可以是任何類型的物件。若要讓轉換成功，value 必須實作 IConvertible 介面，因為方法只會包裝對適當 IConvertible 方法的呼叫。方法也需要支援將 value 轉換成 typeCode。

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider) 方法不支援將 value 轉換成自定義類型。若要執行這類轉換，請呼叫 ChangeType(Object, Type, IFormatProvider) 方法。

provider 參數是 IFormatProvider 實作，可提供轉換的格式資訊。使用此參數的方式和方式取決於基礎 IConvertible 實作。如果 value 是基底數據類型，provider 只會用於下列轉換。如果 nullIFormatProvider 自變數傳遞至這些方法，則會使用代表目前文化特性的 CultureInfo 物件。

從數位轉換成字串，或從字串轉換成數位。 provider 必須是傳回 NumberFormatInfo 物件的 CultureInfo 物件、NumberFormatInfo 物件或自定義 IFormatProvider 實作。不過，由於 ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider) 方法會使用預設的「G」格式規範來執行轉換，因此如果 value 或目標類型為不帶正負號的整數，provider 參數就沒有作用。
從 DateTime 值轉換成字串，或從字串轉換成 DateTime 值。 provider 必須是 CultureInfo 或 DateTimeFormatInfo 物件。

如果 value 是應用程式定義的類型，其 IConvertible 實作可能會使用 provider 參數。

適用於

共用方式為

Convert.ChangeType 方法

定義

多載

ChangeType(Object, Type)

參數

傳回

例外狀況

範例

備註

給呼叫者的注意事項

適用於

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode)

參數

傳回

例外狀況

範例

備註

適用於

ChangeType(Object, Type, IFormatProvider)

參數

傳回

例外狀況

範例

備註

給呼叫者的注意事項

適用於

ChangeType(Object, TypeCode, IFormatProvider)

參數

傳回

例外狀況

範例

備註

適用於

其他資源