BufferedStream 類別
定義
重要
部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。
新增另一個資料流上讀取和寫入作業的緩衝層。 此類別無法獲得繼承。
public ref class BufferedStream sealed : System::IO::Streampublic sealed class BufferedStream : System.IO.Stream[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public sealed class BufferedStream : System.IO.Streamtype BufferedStream = class
inherit Stream[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type BufferedStream = class
inherit StreamPublic NotInheritable Class BufferedStream
Inherits Stream- 繼承
- 繼承
- 屬性
範例
下列程式碼範例示範如何使用 BufferedStream 類別來 NetworkStream 提升特定 I/O 作業的效能。 啟動用戶端之前，先啟動遠端電腦上的伺服器。 啟動用戶端時，將遠端電腦名稱稱指定為命令列引數。 dataArraySize請變更 和 streamBufferSize 常數，以檢視其對效能的影響。
第一個範例顯示用戶端上執行的程式碼，第二個範例會顯示在伺服器上執行的程式碼。
範例 1：在用戶端上執行的程式碼
#using <system.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Globalization;
using namespace System::Net;
using namespace System::Net::Sockets;
static const int streamBufferSize = 1000;
public ref class Client
{
private:
literal int dataArraySize = 100;
literal int numberOfLoops = 10000;
Client(){}
public:
static void ReceiveData( Stream^ netStream, Stream^ bufStream )
{
DateTime startTime;
Double networkTime;
Double bufferedTime = 0;
int bytesReceived = 0;
array<Byte>^receivedData = gcnew array<Byte>(dataArraySize);
// Receive data using the NetworkStream.
Console::WriteLine( "Receiving data using NetworkStream." );
startTime = DateTime::Now;
while ( bytesReceived < numberOfLoops * receivedData->Length )
{
bytesReceived += netStream->Read( receivedData, 0, receivedData->Length );
}
networkTime = (DateTime::Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console::WriteLine( "{0} bytes received in {1} seconds.\n", bytesReceived.ToString(), networkTime.ToString( "F1" ) );
// Receive data using the BufferedStream.
Console::WriteLine( "Receiving data using BufferedStream." );
bytesReceived = 0;
startTime = DateTime::Now;
while ( bytesReceived < numberOfLoops * receivedData->Length )
{
bytesReceived += bufStream->Read( receivedData, 0, receivedData->Length );
}
bufferedTime = (DateTime::Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console::WriteLine( "{0} bytes received in {1} seconds.\n", bytesReceived.ToString(), bufferedTime.ToString( "F1" ) );
// Print the ratio of read times.
Console::WriteLine( "Receiving data using the buffered "
"network stream was {0} {1} than using the network "
"stream alone.", (networkTime / bufferedTime).ToString( "P0" ), bufferedTime < networkTime ? (String^)"faster" : "slower" );
}
static void SendData( Stream^ netStream, Stream^ bufStream )
{
DateTime startTime;
Double networkTime;
Double bufferedTime;
// Create random data to send to the server.
array<Byte>^dataToSend = gcnew array<Byte>(dataArraySize);
(gcnew Random)->NextBytes( dataToSend );
// Send the data using the NetworkStream.
Console::WriteLine( "Sending data using NetworkStream." );
startTime = DateTime::Now;
for ( int i = 0; i < numberOfLoops; i++ )
{
netStream->Write( dataToSend, 0, dataToSend->Length );
}
networkTime = (DateTime::Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console::WriteLine( "{0} bytes sent in {1} seconds.\n", (numberOfLoops * dataToSend->Length).ToString(), networkTime.ToString( "F1" ) );
// Send the data using the BufferedStream.
Console::WriteLine( "Sending data using BufferedStream." );
startTime = DateTime::Now;
for ( int i = 0; i < numberOfLoops; i++ )
{
bufStream->Write( dataToSend, 0, dataToSend->Length );
}
bufStream->Flush();
bufferedTime = (DateTime::Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console::WriteLine( "{0} bytes sent in {1} seconds.\n", (numberOfLoops * dataToSend->Length).ToString(), bufferedTime.ToString( "F1" ) );
// Print the ratio of write times.
Console::WriteLine( "Sending data using the buffered "
"network stream was {0} {1} than using the network "
"stream alone.\n", (networkTime / bufferedTime).ToString( "P0" ), bufferedTime < networkTime ? (String^)"faster" : "slower" );
}
};
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
// Check that an argument was specified when the
// program was invoked.
if ( argc == 1 )
{
Console::WriteLine( "Error: The name of the host computer"
" must be specified when the program is invoked." );
return -1;
}
String^ remoteName = gcnew String( argv[ 1 ] );
// Create the underlying socket and connect to the server.
Socket^ clientSocket = gcnew Socket( AddressFamily::InterNetwork,SocketType::Stream,ProtocolType::Tcp );
clientSocket->Connect( gcnew IPEndPoint( Dns::Resolve( remoteName )->AddressList[ 0 ],1800 ) );
Console::WriteLine( "Client is connected.\n" );
// Create a NetworkStream that owns clientSocket and
// then create a BufferedStream on top of the NetworkStream.
NetworkStream^ netStream = gcnew NetworkStream( clientSocket,true );
BufferedStream^ bufStream = gcnew BufferedStream( netStream,streamBufferSize );
try
{
// Check whether the underlying stream supports seeking.
Console::WriteLine( "NetworkStream {0} seeking.\n", bufStream->CanSeek ? (String^)"supports" : "does not support" );
// Send and receive data.
if ( bufStream->CanWrite )
{
Client::SendData( netStream, bufStream );
}
if ( bufStream->CanRead )
{
Client::ReceiveData( netStream, bufStream );
}
}
finally
{
// When bufStream is closed, netStream is in turn closed,
// which in turn shuts down the connection and closes
// clientSocket.
Console::WriteLine( "\nShutting down connection." );
bufStream->Close();
}
}
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
public class Client
{
const int dataArraySize = 100;
const int streamBufferSize = 1000;
const int numberOfLoops = 10000;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Check that an argument was specified when the
// program was invoked.
if(args.Length == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error: The name of the host computer" +
" must be specified when the program is invoked.");
return;
}
string remoteName = args[0];
// Create the underlying socket and connect to the server.
Socket clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
clientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(
Dns.Resolve(remoteName).AddressList[0], 1800));
Console.WriteLine("Client is connected.\n");
// Create a NetworkStream that owns clientSocket and
// then create a BufferedStream on top of the NetworkStream.
// Both streams are disposed when execution exits the
// using statement.
using(Stream
netStream = new NetworkStream(clientSocket, true),
bufStream =
new BufferedStream(netStream, streamBufferSize))
{
// Check whether the underlying stream supports seeking.
Console.WriteLine("NetworkStream {0} seeking.\n",
bufStream.CanSeek ? "supports" : "does not support");
// Send and receive data.
if(bufStream.CanWrite)
{
SendData(netStream, bufStream);
}
if(bufStream.CanRead)
{
ReceiveData(netStream, bufStream);
}
// When bufStream is closed, netStream is in turn
// closed, which in turn shuts down the connection
// and closes clientSocket.
Console.WriteLine("\nShutting down the connection.");
bufStream.Close();
}
}
static void SendData(Stream netStream, Stream bufStream)
{
DateTime startTime;
double networkTime, bufferedTime;
// Create random data to send to the server.
byte[] dataToSend = new byte[dataArraySize];
new Random().NextBytes(dataToSend);
// Send the data using the NetworkStream.
Console.WriteLine("Sending data using NetworkStream.");
startTime = DateTime.Now;
for(int i = 0; i < numberOfLoops; i++)
{
netStream.Write(dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length);
}
networkTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes sent in {1} seconds.\n",
numberOfLoops * dataToSend.Length,
networkTime.ToString("F1"));
// Send the data using the BufferedStream.
Console.WriteLine("Sending data using BufferedStream.");
startTime = DateTime.Now;
for(int i = 0; i < numberOfLoops; i++)
{
bufStream.Write(dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length);
}
bufStream.Flush();
bufferedTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes sent in {1} seconds.\n",
numberOfLoops * dataToSend.Length,
bufferedTime.ToString("F1"));
// Print the ratio of write times.
Console.WriteLine("Sending data using the buffered " +
"network stream was {0} {1} than using the network " +
"stream alone.\n",
(networkTime/bufferedTime).ToString("P0"),
bufferedTime < networkTime ? "faster" : "slower");
}
static void ReceiveData(Stream netStream, Stream bufStream)
{
DateTime startTime;
double networkTime, bufferedTime = 0;
int bytesReceived = 0;
byte[] receivedData = new byte[dataArraySize];
// Receive data using the NetworkStream.
Console.WriteLine("Receiving data using NetworkStream.");
startTime = DateTime.Now;
while(bytesReceived < numberOfLoops * receivedData.Length)
{
bytesReceived += netStream.Read(
receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length);
}
networkTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes received in {1} seconds.\n",
bytesReceived.ToString(),
networkTime.ToString("F1"));
// Receive data using the BufferedStream.
Console.WriteLine("Receiving data using BufferedStream.");
bytesReceived = 0;
startTime = DateTime.Now;
int numBytesToRead = receivedData.Length;
while (numBytesToRead > 0)
{
// Read may return anything from 0 to numBytesToRead.
int n = bufStream.Read(receivedData,0, receivedData.Length);
// The end of the file is reached.
if (n == 0)
break;
bytesReceived += n;
numBytesToRead -= n;
}
bufferedTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds;
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes received in {1} seconds.\n",
bytesReceived.ToString(),
bufferedTime.ToString("F1"));
// Print the ratio of read times.
Console.WriteLine("Receiving data using the buffered network" +
" stream was {0} {1} than using the network stream alone.",
(networkTime/bufferedTime).ToString("P0"),
bufferedTime < networkTime ? "faster" : "slower");
}
}
module Client
open System
open System.IO
open System.Net
open System.Net.Sockets
let dataArraySize = 100
let streamBufferSize = 1000
let numberOfLoops = 10000
let sendData (netStream: Stream) (bufStream: Stream) =
// Create random data to send to the server.
let dataToSend = Array.zeroCreate dataArraySize
Random().NextBytes dataToSend
// Send the data using the NetworkStream.
printfn "Sending data using NetworkStream."
let startTime = DateTime.Now
for _ = 0 to numberOfLoops - 1 do
netStream.Write(dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length)
let networkTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds
printfn $"{numberOfLoops * dataToSend.Length} bytes sent in {networkTime:F1} seconds.\n"
// Send the data using the BufferedStream.
printfn "Sending data using BufferedStream."
let startTime = DateTime.Now
for _ = 0 to numberOfLoops - 1 do
bufStream.Write(dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length)
bufStream.Flush()
let bufferedTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds
printfn $"{numberOfLoops * dataToSend.Length} bytes sent in {bufferedTime:F1} seconds.\n"
// Print the ratio of write times.
printfn $"""Sending data using the buffered network stream was {networkTime / bufferedTime:P0} {if bufferedTime < networkTime then "faster" else "slower"} than using the network stream alone."""
printfn ""
let receiveData (netStream: Stream) (bufStream: Stream) =
let mutable bytesReceived = 0
let receivedData = Array.zeroCreate dataArraySize
// Receive data using the NetworkStream.
printfn "Receiving data using NetworkStream."
let startTime = DateTime.Now
while bytesReceived < numberOfLoops * receivedData.Length do
bytesReceived <- bytesReceived + netStream.Read(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length)
let networkTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds
printfn $"{bytesReceived} bytes received in {networkTime:F1} seconds.\n"
// Receive data using the BufferedStream.
printfn "Receiving data using BufferedStream."
bytesReceived <- 0
let startTime = DateTime.Now
let mutable numBytesToRead = receivedData.Length
let mutable broken = false
while not broken && numBytesToRead > 0 do
// Read may return anything from 0 to numBytesToRead.
let n = bufStream.Read(receivedData,0, receivedData.Length)
// The end of the file is reached.
if n = 0 then
broken <- true
else
bytesReceived <- bytesReceived + n
numBytesToRead <- numBytesToRead - n
let bufferedTime = (DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds
printfn $"{bytesReceived} bytes received in {bufferedTime:F1} seconds.\n"
// Print the ratio of read times.
printfn $"""Receiving data using the buffered network stream was {networkTime / bufferedTime:P0} {if bufferedTime < networkTime then "faster" else "slower"} than using the network stream alone."""
[<EntryPoint>]
let main args =
// Check that an argument was specified when the
// program was invoked.
if args.Length = 0 then
printfn "Error: The name of the host computer must be specified when the program is invoked."
else
let remoteName = args[0]
// Create the underlying socket and connect to the server.
let clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
clientSocket.Connect(IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostEntry(remoteName).AddressList[0], 1800))
printfn "Client is connected.\n"
// Create a NetworkStream that owns clientSocket and
// then create a BufferedStream on top of the NetworkStream.
// Both streams are disposed when execution exits the
// using statement.
use netStream = new NetworkStream(clientSocket, true)
use bufStream = new BufferedStream(netStream, streamBufferSize)
// Check whether the underlying stream supports seeking.
printfn $"""NetworkStream {if bufStream.CanSeek then "supports" else "does not support"} seeking.\n"""
// Send and receive data.
if bufStream.CanWrite then
sendData netStream bufStream
if bufStream.CanRead then
receiveData netStream bufStream
// When bufStream is closed, netStream is in turn
// closed, which in turn shuts down the connection
// and closes clientSocket.
printfn "\nShutting down the connection."
bufStream.Close()
0
' Compile using /r:System.dll.
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Globalization
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Public Class Client
Const dataArraySize As Integer = 100
Const streamBufferSize As Integer = 1000
Const numberOfLoops As Integer = 10000
Shared Sub Main(args As String())
' Check that an argument was specified when the
' program was invoked.
If args.Length = 0 Then
Console.WriteLine("Error: The name of the host " & _
"computer must be specified when the program " & _
"is invoked.")
Return
End If
Dim remoteName As String = args(0)
' Create the underlying socket and connect to the server.
Dim clientSocket As New Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, _
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
clientSocket.Connect(New IPEndPoint( _
Dns.Resolve(remoteName).AddressList(0), 1800))
Console.WriteLine("Client is connected." & vbCrLf)
' Create a NetworkStream that owns clientSocket and then
' create a BufferedStream on top of the NetworkStream.
Dim netStream As New NetworkStream(clientSocket, True)
Dim bufStream As New _
BufferedStream(netStream, streamBufferSize)
Try
' Check whether the underlying stream supports seeking.
If bufStream.CanSeek Then
Console.WriteLine("NetworkStream supports" & _
"seeking." & vbCrLf)
Else
Console.WriteLine("NetworkStream does not " & _
"support seeking." & vbCrLf)
End If
' Send and receive data.
If bufStream.CanWrite Then
SendData(netStream, bufStream)
End If
If bufStream.CanRead Then
ReceiveData(netStream, bufStream)
End If
Finally
' When bufStream is closed, netStream is in turn
' closed, which in turn shuts down the connection
' and closes clientSocket.
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "Shutting down the connection.")
bufStream.Close()
End Try
End Sub
Shared Sub SendData(netStream As Stream, bufStream As Stream)
Dim startTime As DateTime
Dim networkTime As Double, bufferedTime As Double
' Create random data to send to the server.
Dim dataToSend(dataArraySize - 1) As Byte
Dim randomGenerator As New Random()
randomGenerator.NextBytes(dataToSend)
' Send the data using the NetworkStream.
Console.WriteLine("Sending data using NetworkStream.")
startTime = DateTime.Now
For i As Integer = 1 To numberOfLoops
netStream.Write(dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length)
Next i
networkTime = DateTime.Now.Subtract(startTime).TotalSeconds
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes sent in {1} seconds." & vbCrLf, _
numberOfLoops * dataToSend.Length, _
networkTime.ToString("F1"))
' Send the data using the BufferedStream.
Console.WriteLine("Sending data using BufferedStream.")
startTime = DateTime.Now
For i As Integer = 1 To numberOfLoops
bufStream.Write(dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length)
Next i
bufStream.Flush()
bufferedTime = DateTime.Now.Subtract(startTime).TotalSeconds
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes sent In {1} seconds." & vbCrLf, _
numberOfLoops * dataToSend.Length, _
bufferedTime.ToString("F1"))
' Print the ratio of write times.
Console.Write("Sending data using the buffered " & _
"network stream was {0}", _
(networkTime/bufferedTime).ToString("P0"))
If bufferedTime < networkTime Then
Console.Write(" faster")
Else
Console.Write(" slower")
End If
Console.WriteLine(" than using the network stream alone.")
End Sub
Shared Sub ReceiveData(netStream As Stream, bufStream As Stream)
Dim startTime As DateTime
Dim networkTime As Double, bufferedTime As Double = 0
Dim bytesReceived As Integer = 0
Dim receivedData(dataArraySize - 1) As Byte
' Receive data using the NetworkStream.
Console.WriteLine("Receiving data using NetworkStream.")
startTime = DateTime.Now
While bytesReceived < numberOfLoops * receivedData.Length
bytesReceived += netStream.Read( _
receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length)
End While
networkTime = DateTime.Now.Subtract(startTime).TotalSeconds
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes received in {1} " & _
"seconds." & vbCrLf, _
bytesReceived.ToString(), _
networkTime.ToString("F1"))
' Receive data using the BufferedStream.
Console.WriteLine("Receiving data using BufferedStream.")
bytesReceived = 0
startTime = DateTime.Now
Dim numBytesToRead As Integer = receivedData.Length
Dim n As Integer
Do While numBytesToRead > 0
'Read my return anything from 0 to numBytesToRead
n = bufStream.Read(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length)
'The end of the file is reached.
If n = 0 Then
Exit Do
End If
bytesReceived += n
numBytesToRead -= n
Loop
bufferedTime = DateTime.Now.Subtract(startTime).TotalSeconds
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes received in {1} " & _
"seconds." & vbCrLf, _
bytesReceived.ToString(), _
bufferedTime.ToString("F1"))
' Print the ratio of read times.
Console.Write("Receiving data using the buffered " & _
"network stream was {0}", _
(networkTime/bufferedTime).ToString("P0"))
If bufferedTime < networkTime Then
Console.Write(" faster")
Else
Console.Write(" slower")
End If
Console.WriteLine(" than using the network stream alone.")
End Sub
End Class
範例 2：在伺服器上執行的程式碼
#using <system.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Net;
using namespace System::Net::Sockets;
int main()
{
// This is a Windows Sockets 2 error code.
const int WSAETIMEDOUT = 10060;
Socket^ serverSocket;
int bytesReceived;
int totalReceived = 0;
array<Byte>^receivedData = gcnew array<Byte>(2000000);
// Create random data to send to the client.
array<Byte>^dataToSend = gcnew array<Byte>(2000000);
(gcnew Random)->NextBytes( dataToSend );
IPAddress^ ipAddress = Dns::Resolve( Dns::GetHostName() )->AddressList[ 0 ];
IPEndPoint^ ipEndpoint = gcnew IPEndPoint( ipAddress,1800 );
// Create a socket and listen for incoming connections.
Socket^ listenSocket = gcnew Socket( AddressFamily::InterNetwork,SocketType::Stream,ProtocolType::Tcp );
try
{
listenSocket->Bind( ipEndpoint );
listenSocket->Listen( 1 );
// Accept a connection and create a socket to handle it.
serverSocket = listenSocket->Accept();
Console::WriteLine( "Server is connected.\n" );
}
finally
{
listenSocket->Close();
}
try
{
// Send data to the client.
Console::Write( "Sending data ... " );
int bytesSent = serverSocket->Send( dataToSend, 0, dataToSend->Length, SocketFlags::None );
Console::WriteLine( "{0} bytes sent.\n", bytesSent.ToString() );
// Set the timeout for receiving data to 2 seconds.
serverSocket->SetSocketOption( SocketOptionLevel::Socket, SocketOptionName::ReceiveTimeout, 2000 );
// Receive data from the client.
Console::Write( "Receiving data ... " );
try
{
do
{
bytesReceived = serverSocket->Receive( receivedData, 0, receivedData->Length, SocketFlags::None );
totalReceived += bytesReceived;
}
while ( bytesReceived != 0 );
}
catch ( SocketException^ e )
{
if ( e->ErrorCode == WSAETIMEDOUT )
{
// Data was not received within the given time.
// Assume that the transmission has ended.
}
else
{
Console::WriteLine( "{0}: {1}\n", e->GetType()->Name, e->Message );
}
}
finally
{
Console::WriteLine( "{0} bytes received.\n", totalReceived.ToString() );
}
}
finally
{
serverSocket->Shutdown( SocketShutdown::Both );
Console::WriteLine( "Connection shut down." );
serverSocket->Close();
}
}
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
public class Server
{
static void Main()
{
// This is a Windows Sockets 2 error code.
const int WSAETIMEDOUT = 10060;
Socket serverSocket;
int bytesReceived, totalReceived = 0;
byte[] receivedData = new byte[2000000];
// Create random data to send to the client.
byte[] dataToSend = new byte[2000000];
new Random().NextBytes(dataToSend);
IPAddress ipAddress =
Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList[0];
IPEndPoint ipEndpoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 1800);
// Create a socket and listen for incoming connections.
using(Socket listenSocket = new Socket(
AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream,
ProtocolType.Tcp))
{
listenSocket.Bind(ipEndpoint);
listenSocket.Listen(1);
// Accept a connection and create a socket to handle it.
serverSocket = listenSocket.Accept();
Console.WriteLine("Server is connected.\n");
}
try
{
// Send data to the client.
Console.Write("Sending data ... ");
int bytesSent = serverSocket.Send(
dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length, SocketFlags.None);
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes sent.\n",
bytesSent.ToString());
// Set the timeout for receiving data to 2 seconds.
serverSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket,
SocketOptionName.ReceiveTimeout, 2000);
// Receive data from the client.
Console.Write("Receiving data ... ");
try
{
do
{
bytesReceived = serverSocket.Receive(receivedData,
0, receivedData.Length, SocketFlags.None);
totalReceived += bytesReceived;
}
while(bytesReceived != 0);
}
catch(SocketException e)
{
if(e.ErrorCode == WSAETIMEDOUT)
{
// Data was not received within the given time.
// Assume that the transmission has ended.
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}\n",
e.GetType().Name, e.Message);
}
}
finally
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes received.\n",
totalReceived.ToString());
}
}
finally
{
serverSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
Console.WriteLine("Connection shut down.");
serverSocket.Close();
}
}
}
module Server
open System
open System.Net
open System.Net.Sockets
// This is a Windows Sockets 2 error code.
let WSAETIMEDOUT = 10060
let mutable bytesReceived = -1
let mutable totalReceived = 0
let receivedData = Array.zeroCreate 2000000
// Create random data to send to the client.
let dataToSend = Array.zeroCreate 2000000
Random().NextBytes dataToSend
let ipAddress = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList[0]
let ipEndpoint = IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 1800)
// Create a socket and listen for incoming connections.
let serverSocket =
use listenSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
listenSocket.Bind ipEndpoint
listenSocket.Listen 1
// Accept a connection and create a socket to handle it.
listenSocket.Accept()
printfn "Server is connected.\n"
try
// Send data to the client.
printf "Sending data ... "
let bytesSent = serverSocket.Send(dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length, SocketFlags.None)
printfn $"{bytesSent} bytes sent.\n"
// Set the timeout for receiving data to 2 seconds.
serverSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket,
SocketOptionName.ReceiveTimeout, 2000)
// Receive data from the client.
printf "Receiving data ... "
try
try
while bytesReceived <> 0 do
bytesReceived <- serverSocket.Receive(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length, SocketFlags.None)
totalReceived <- totalReceived + bytesReceived
with :? SocketException as e ->
if e.ErrorCode = WSAETIMEDOUT then
// Data was not received within the given time.
// Assume that the transmission has ended.
()
else
printfn $"{e.GetType().Name}: {e.Message}\n"
finally
printfn $"{totalReceived} bytes received.\n"
finally
serverSocket.Shutdown SocketShutdown.Both
printfn "Connection shut down."
serverSocket.Close()
' Compile using /r:System.dll.
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Public Class Server
Shared Sub Main()
' This is a Windows Sockets 2 error code.
Const WSAETIMEDOUT As Integer = 10060
Dim serverSocket As Socket
Dim bytesReceived As Integer
Dim totalReceived As Integer = 0
Dim receivedData(2000000-1) As Byte
' Create random data to send to the client.
Dim dataToSend(2000000-1) As Byte
Dim randomGenerator As New Random()
randomGenerator.NextBytes(dataToSend)
Dim ipAddress As IPAddress = _
Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList(0)
Dim ipEndpoint As New IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 1800)
' Create a socket and listen for incoming connections.
Dim listenSocket As New Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, _
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
Try
listenSocket.Bind(ipEndpoint)
listenSocket.Listen(1)
' Accept a connection and create a socket to handle it.
serverSocket = listenSocket.Accept()
Console.WriteLine("Server is connected." & vbCrLf)
Finally
listenSocket.Close()
End Try
Try
' Send data to the client.
Console.Write("Sending data ... ")
Dim bytesSent As Integer = serverSocket.Send( _
dataToSend, 0, dataToSend.Length, SocketFlags.None)
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes sent." & vbCrLf, _
bytesSent.ToString())
' Set the timeout for receiving data to 2 seconds.
serverSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket, _
SocketOptionName.ReceiveTimeout, 2000)
' Receive data from the client.
Console.Write("Receiving data ... ")
Try
Do
bytesReceived = serverSocket.Receive( _
receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length, _
SocketFlags.None)
totalReceived += bytesReceived
Loop While bytesReceived <> 0
Catch e As SocketException
If(e.ErrorCode = WSAETIMEDOUT)
' Data was not received within the given time.
' Assume that the transmission has ended.
Else
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}" & vbCrLf, _
e.GetType().Name, e.Message)
End If
Finally
Console.WriteLine("{0} bytes received." & vbCrLf, _
totalReceived.ToString())
End Try
Finally
serverSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both)
Console.WriteLine("Connection shut down.")
serverSocket.Close()
End Try
End Sub
End Class
備註
緩衝區是記憶體中用來快取資料的位元組區塊，藉此減少對作業系統的呼叫數目。 緩衝區可改善讀取和寫入效能。 緩衝區可用於讀取或寫入，但絕不會同時使用兩者。 Read的 BufferedStream 和 Write 方法會自動維護緩衝區。
重要
此型別代表 IDisposable 介面。 當您完成使用型別時，您應該直接或間接處置它。 若要直接處置型別，請呼叫其 try/catch 區塊中的 Dispose 方法。 若要間接處置它，請使用語言建構函式，例如 using (在 C# 中) 或 Using (在 Visual Basic 中)。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱 IDisposable 介面文章中的＜使用實作 IDisposable 的物件＞一節。
BufferedStream 可以由特定類型的資料流程組成。 它提供將位元組讀取和寫入基礎資料來源或存放庫的實作。 使用 BinaryReader 和 BinaryWriter 來讀取和寫入其他資料類型。 BufferedStream 是設計來防止緩衝區在不需要緩衝區時使輸入和輸出變慢。 如果您一律讀取和寫入大於內部緩衝區大小的大小，則 BufferedStream 甚至可能不會配置內部緩衝區。 BufferedStream 也會緩衝在共用緩衝區中讀取和寫入。 假設您幾乎一律會執行一系列讀取或寫入，但很少在兩者之間替代。
建構函式
| BufferedStream(Stream) |
使用 4096 位元組的預設緩衝區大小，來初始化 BufferedStream 類別的新執行個體。 |
| BufferedStream(Stream, Int32) |
使用指定的緩衝區大小來初始化 BufferedStream 類別的新執行個體。 |
屬性
| BufferSize |
取得這個緩衝資料流的緩衝區大小 (以位元組為單位)。 |
| CanRead |
取得表示目前資料流是否支援讀取的值。 |
| CanSeek |
取得表示目前資料流是否支援搜尋的值。 |
| CanTimeout |
取得值，該值判斷目前的資料流是否可以逾時。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CanWrite |
取得表示目前資料流是否支援寫入的值。 |
| Length |
取得資料流的長度，以位元組為單位。 |
| Position |
取得目前資料流中的位置。 |
| ReadTimeout |
取得或設定值 (以毫秒為單位)，該值決定資料流在逾時前將嘗試讀取多長時間。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| UnderlyingStream |
取得這個緩衝資料流的基礎 Stream 執行個體。 |
| WriteTimeout |
取得或設定毫秒值，該值決定在逾時前資料流將嘗試寫入多長時間。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
方法
| BeginRead(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
開始非同步的讀取作業。 (請考慮用 ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) 替代。) |
| BeginRead(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
開始非同步的讀取作業。 (請考慮用 ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) 替代。) (繼承來源 Stream) |
| BeginWrite(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
開始非同步的寫入作業。 (請考慮用 WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) 替代。) |
| BeginWrite(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
開始非同步的寫入作業。 (請考慮用 WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) 替代。) (繼承來源 Stream) |
| Close() |
關閉資料流並釋放與目前緩衝資料流建立關聯的任何資源 (特別是通訊端和檔案控制代碼等系統資源)。 |
| Close() |
關閉目前資料流和釋放與目前資料流相關聯的任何資源 (例如通訊端和檔案控制代碼)。 請確定正確地處置資料流，而非呼叫這個方法。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CopyTo(Stream) |
從目前資料流讀取位元組，並將其寫入另一個資料流中。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CopyTo(Stream, Int32) |
從目前緩衝資料流讀取位元組，並將其寫入至另一個資料流。 |
| CopyTo(Stream, Int32) |
使用指定的緩衝區大小，從目前資料流讀取所有位元組，並將其寫入另一個資料流中。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CopyToAsync(Stream) |
以非同步的方式從目前資料流讀取所有位元組，並將其寫入另一個資料流中。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CopyToAsync(Stream, CancellationToken) |
使用指定的取消權杖，以非同步的方式從目前資料流讀取位元組，並將其寫入另一個資料流。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CopyToAsync(Stream, Int32) |
使用指定的緩衝區大小，以非同步的方式從目前資料流讀取所有位元組，並將其寫入另一個資料流中。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CopyToAsync(Stream, Int32, CancellationToken) |
使用指定的緩衝區大小和取消語彙基元，以非同步方式從目前緩衝資料流讀取位元組，並將其寫入至另一個資料流。 |
| CopyToAsync(Stream, Int32, CancellationToken) |
使用指定的緩衝區大小和取消語彙基元，以非同步的方式從目前資料流讀取位元組，並將其寫入另一個資料流。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| CreateObjRef(Type) |
建立包含所有相關資訊的物件，這些資訊是產生用來與遠端物件通訊的所需 Proxy。 (繼承來源 MarshalByRefObject) |
| CreateWaitHandle() |
已過時。
已過時。
配置 WaitHandle 物件。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| Dispose() |
釋放 Stream 所使用的所有資源。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| Dispose(Boolean) |
釋放 Stream 所使用的 Unmanaged 資源，並選擇性地釋放 Managed 資源。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| DisposeAsync() |
以非同步方式釋放緩衝資料流所使用的非受控資源。 |
| DisposeAsync() |
以非同步方式釋放 Stream 使用的不受控資源。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| EndRead(IAsyncResult) |
等候暫止的非同步讀取作業完成。 (請考慮用 ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) 替代。) |
| EndRead(IAsyncResult) |
等候暫止的非同步讀取完成。 (請考慮用 ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) 替代。) (繼承來源 Stream) |
| EndWrite(IAsyncResult) |
結束非同步寫入作業並封鎖，直到 I/O 作業完成。 (請考慮用 WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) 替代。) |
| EndWrite(IAsyncResult) |
結束非同步的寫入作業。 (請考慮用 WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) 替代。) (繼承來源 Stream) |
| Equals(Object) |
判斷指定的物件是否等於目前的物件。 (繼承來源 Object) |
| Flush() |
清除這個資料流的所有緩衝區，並造成任何緩衝資料都寫入基礎裝置。 |
| FlushAsync() |
以非同步的方式清除這個資料流的所有緩衝區，並造成所有緩衝資料都寫入基礎裝置。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| FlushAsync(CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式清除這個資料流的所有緩衝區，造成所有緩衝資料都寫入基礎裝置，並且監視取消要求。 |
| FlushAsync(CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式清除這個資料流的所有緩衝區，造成所有緩衝資料都寫入基礎裝置，並且監視取消要求。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| GetHashCode() |
做為預設雜湊函式。 (繼承來源 Object) |
| GetLifetimeService() |
已過時。
擷取控制這個執行個體存留期 (Lifetime) 原則的目前存留期服務物件。 (繼承來源 MarshalByRefObject) |
| GetType() |
取得目前執行個體的 Type。 (繼承來源 Object) |
| InitializeLifetimeService() |
已過時。
取得存留期服務物件，以控制這個執行個體的存留期原則。 (繼承來源 MarshalByRefObject) |
| MemberwiseClone() |
建立目前 Object 的淺層複製。 (繼承來源 Object) |
| MemberwiseClone(Boolean) |
建立目前 MarshalByRefObject 物件的淺層複本。 (繼承來源 MarshalByRefObject) |
| ObjectInvariant() |
已過時。
提供 Contract 的支援。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| Read(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
從目前的緩衝資料流複製位元組到陣列。 |
| Read(Span<Byte>) |
將目前緩衝資料流中的位元組複製到位元組範圍，並依讀取的位元組數將緩衝資料流中位置往前移。 |
| Read(Span<Byte>) |
當在衍生類別中覆寫時，自目前資料流讀取一連串的位元組，並依所讀取的位元組數目進階資料流中的位置。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
以非同步的方式從目前的資料流讀取位元組序列，並依讀取的位元組數將資料流中的位置往前移。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式從目前資料流讀取一連串的位元組、依所讀取的位元組數目進階資料流中的位置，以及監視取消要求。 |
| ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式從目前資料流讀取一連串的位元組、依所讀取的位元組數目進階資料流中的位置，以及監視取消要求。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| ReadAsync(Memory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
以非同步方式從目前的緩衝資料流讀取位元組序列，並依讀取的位元組數將緩衝資料流中位置往前移。 |
| ReadAsync(Memory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式從目前資料流讀取一連串的位元組、依所讀取的位元組數目進階資料流中的位置，以及監視取消要求。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| ReadByte() |
從基礎資料流讀取位元組並傳回轉型為 |
| Seek(Int64, SeekOrigin) |
設定目前緩衝資料流中的位置。 |
| SetLength(Int64) |
設定緩衝資料流的長度。 |
| ToString() |
傳回代表目前物件的字串。 (繼承來源 Object) |
| Write(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
複製位元組至緩衝資料流，並依寫入的位元組數目將緩衝區資料流向前移到目前位置。 |
| Write(ReadOnlySpan<Byte>) |
將位元組序列寫入至目前的緩衝資料流，並依寫入的位元組數將此緩衝資料流中目前位置往前移。 |
| Write(ReadOnlySpan<Byte>) |
在衍生類別中覆寫時，將一連串的位元組寫入目前的資料流，並且由這個資料流中目前的位置前移寫入的位元組數目。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
以非同步的方式將位元組序列寫入至目前的資料流，並依寫入的位元組數將資料流中目前的位置往前移。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式將一連串的位元組寫入目前的資料流，由這個資料流中目前的位置前移寫入的位元組數目，並且監視取消要求。 |
| WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式將一連串的位元組寫入目前的資料流，由這個資料流中目前的位置前移寫入的位元組數目，並且監視取消要求。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
以非同步方式將位元組序列寫入至目前的緩衝資料流、依寫入的位元組數將此緩衝資料流中目前位置往前移，並監視取消要求。 |
| WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
以非同步的方式將一連串的位元組寫入目前的資料流，由這個資料流中目前的位置前移寫入的位元組數目，並且監視取消要求。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
| WriteByte(Byte) |
將位元組寫入緩衝資料流中的目前位置。 |
明確介面實作
| IDisposable.Dispose() |
釋放 Stream 所使用的所有資源。 (繼承來源 Stream) |
擴充方法
| ConfigureAwait(IAsyncDisposable, Boolean) |
設定如何執行從非同步可處置項目傳回的工作 await。 |