Queryable.Single 方法
定義
重要
部分資訊涉及發行前產品,在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊,不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。
傳回序列的單一特定項目。
多載
Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>) |
傳回序列的唯一一個元素,如果序列中不是正好一個元素,則擲回例外狀況。 |
Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource,Boolean>>) |
傳回序列中符合指定之條件的唯一一個元素,如果有一個以上這類元素,則擲回例外狀況。 |
Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>)
- 來源:
- Queryable.cs
- 來源:
- Queryable.cs
- 來源:
- Queryable.cs
傳回序列的唯一一個元素,如果序列中不是正好一個元素,則擲回例外狀況。
public:
generic <typename TSource>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
static TSource Single(System::Linq::IQueryable<TSource> ^ source);
public static TSource Single<TSource> (this System.Linq.IQueryable<TSource> source);
static member Single : System.Linq.IQueryable<'Source> -> 'Source
<Extension()>
Public Function Single(Of TSource) (source As IQueryable(Of TSource)) As TSource
類型參數
- TSource
source
項目的類型。
參數
- source
- IQueryable<TSource>
要傳回單一項目的 IQueryable<T>。
傳回
輸入序列的單一項目。
例外狀況
source
為 null
。
範例
下列程式代碼範例示範如何使用 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>) 來選取陣列的唯一元素。
// Create two arrays.
string[] fruits1 = { "orange" };
string[] fruits2 = { "orange", "apple" };
// Get the only item in the first array.
string fruit1 = fruits1.AsQueryable().Single();
Console.WriteLine("First query: " + fruit1);
try
{
// Try to get the only item in the second array.
string fruit2 = fruits2.AsQueryable().Single();
Console.WriteLine("Second query: " + fruit2);
}
catch (System.InvalidOperationException)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"Second query: The collection does not contain exactly one element."
);
}
/*
This code produces the following output:
First query: orange
Second query: The collection does not contain exactly one element
*/
' Create two arrays.
Dim fruits1() As String = {"orange"}
Dim fruits2() As String = {"orange", "apple"}
' Get the only item in the first array.
Dim result As String = fruits1.AsQueryable().Single()
' Display the result.
MsgBox("First query: " & result)
Try
' Try to get the only item in the second array.
Dim fruit2 As String = fruits2.AsQueryable().Single()
MsgBox("Second query: " + fruit2)
Catch
MsgBox("Second query: The collection does not contain exactly one element.")
End Try
' This code produces the following output:
' First query: orange
' Second query: The collection does not contain exactly one element.
備註
方法 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>) 會產生 , MethodCallExpression 表示呼叫 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>) 本身為建構的泛型方法。 然後,它會將 傳遞給 MethodCallExpressionExecute<TResult>(Expression) 參數之 屬性所Provider表示的方法IQueryProvidersource
。
執行表示呼叫 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>) 的表達式樹狀結構所產生的查詢行為,取決於參數類型的實作 source
。 預期的行為是它會傳回 中 source
唯一的 元素。
適用於
Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource,Boolean>>)
- 來源:
- Queryable.cs
- 來源:
- Queryable.cs
- 來源:
- Queryable.cs
傳回序列中符合指定之條件的唯一一個元素,如果有一個以上這類元素,則擲回例外狀況。
public:
generic <typename TSource>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
static TSource Single(System::Linq::IQueryable<TSource> ^ source, System::Linq::Expressions::Expression<Func<TSource, bool> ^> ^ predicate);
public static TSource Single<TSource> (this System.Linq.IQueryable<TSource> source, System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Func<TSource,bool>> predicate);
static member Single : System.Linq.IQueryable<'Source> * System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Func<'Source, bool>> -> 'Source
<Extension()>
Public Function Single(Of TSource) (source As IQueryable(Of TSource), predicate As Expression(Of Func(Of TSource, Boolean))) As TSource
類型參數
- TSource
source
項目的類型。
參數
- source
- IQueryable<TSource>
要傳回單一項目的來源 IQueryable<T>。
- predicate
- Expression<Func<TSource,Boolean>>
用來測試項目是否符合條件的函式。
傳回
輸入序列中符合 predicate
之條件的單一項目。
例外狀況
source
或 predicate
為 null
。
範例
下列程式代碼範例示範如何使用 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource,Boolean>>) 來選取符合條件之陣列的唯一元素。
string[] fruits = { "apple", "banana", "mango",
"orange", "passionfruit", "grape" };
// Get the only string in the array whose length is greater than 10.
string fruit1 = fruits.AsQueryable().Single(fruit => fruit.Length > 10);
Console.WriteLine("First Query: " + fruit1);
try
{
// Try to get the only string in the array
// whose length is greater than 15.
string fruit2 = fruits.AsQueryable().Single(fruit => fruit.Length > 15);
Console.WriteLine("Second Query: " + fruit2);
}
catch (System.InvalidOperationException)
{
Console.Write("Second Query: The collection does not contain ");
Console.WriteLine("exactly one element whose length is greater than 15.");
}
/*
This code produces the following output:
First Query: passionfruit
Second Query: The collection does not contain exactly one
element whose length is greater than 15.
*/
Dim fruits() As String = _
{"apple", "banana", "mango", "orange", "passionfruit", "grape"}
' Get the only string in the array whose length is greater than 10.
Dim result As String = _
fruits.AsQueryable().Single(Function(fruit) fruit.Length > 10)
' Display the result.
MsgBox("First Query: " & result)
Try
' Try to get the only string in the array
' whose length is greater than 15.
Dim fruit2 As String = fruits.AsQueryable().Single(Function(fruit) fruit.Length > 15)
MsgBox("Second Query: " + fruit2)
Catch
Dim text As String = "Second Query: The collection does not contain "
text = text & "exactly one element whose length is greater than 15."
MsgBox(text)
End Try
' This code produces the following output:
' First Query: passionfruit
' Second Query: The collection does not contain exactly one
' element whose length is greater than 15.
備註
這個方法至少有一個類型的參數,其類型 Expression<TDelegate> 自變數為其中一個型別 Func<T,TResult> 。 針對這些參數,您可以傳入 Lambda 運算式,並將它編譯為 Expression<TDelegate>。
方法 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource,Boolean>>) 會產生 , MethodCallExpression 表示呼叫 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource,Boolean>>) 本身為建構的泛型方法。 然後,它會將 傳遞給 MethodCallExpressionExecute<TResult>(Expression) 參數之 屬性所Provider表示的方法IQueryProvidersource
。
執行表示呼叫 Single<TSource>(IQueryable<TSource>, Expression<Func<TSource,Boolean>>) 的表達式樹狀結構所產生的查詢行為,取決於參數類型的實作 source
。 預期的行為是它會傳回 中唯 source
一符合 所 predicate
指定條件的專案。