HashAlgorithm.ComputeHash 方法

定義

命名空間:

System.Security.Cryptography

組件:

System.Security.Cryptography.dll

計算輸入資料的雜湊值。

多載

ComputeHash(Byte[])	計算指定位元組陣列的雜湊值。
ComputeHash(Stream)	計算指定 Stream 物件的雜湊值。
ComputeHash(Byte[], Int32, Int32)	計算所指定位元組陣列中指定區域的雜湊值。

ComputeHash(Byte[])

來源:

HashAlgorithm.cs

計算指定位元組陣列的雜湊值。

public:
 cli::array <System::Byte> ^ ComputeHash(cli::array <System::Byte> ^ buffer);

public byte[] ComputeHash (byte[] buffer);

member this.ComputeHash : byte[] -> byte[]

Public Function ComputeHash (buffer As Byte()) As Byte()

參數

buffer

Byte[]

要用來計算雜湊碼的輸入。

傳回

Byte[]

計算出來的雜湊碼。

例外狀況

ArgumentNullException

buffer 為 null。

ObjectDisposedException

物件已經處置。

範例

下列範例會 SHA256 計算字串的哈希值，並將哈希傳回為64個字元的十六進位格式字串。 此程式代碼範例所建立的哈希字串與任何平臺上的任何 SHA256 哈希函式 (相容，) 建立 64 個字元的十六進位格式哈希字串。

using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string source = "Hello World!";
        using (SHA256 sha256Hash = SHA256.Create())
        {
            string hash = GetHash(sha256Hash, source);

            Console.WriteLine($"The SHA256 hash of {source} is: {hash}.");

            Console.WriteLine("Verifying the hash...");

            if (VerifyHash(sha256Hash, source, hash))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The hashes are the same.");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The hashes are not same.");
            }
        }
    }

    private static string GetHash(HashAlgorithm hashAlgorithm, string input)
    {

        // Convert the input string to a byte array and compute the hash.
        byte[] data = hashAlgorithm.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input));

        // Create a new Stringbuilder to collect the bytes
        // and create a string.
        var sBuilder = new StringBuilder();

        // Loop through each byte of the hashed data
        // and format each one as a hexadecimal string.
        for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
        {
            sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString("x2"));
        }

        // Return the hexadecimal string.
        return sBuilder.ToString();
    }

    // Verify a hash against a string.
    private static bool VerifyHash(HashAlgorithm hashAlgorithm, string input, string hash)
    {
        // Hash the input.
        var hashOfInput = GetHash(hashAlgorithm, input);

        // Create a StringComparer an compare the hashes.
        StringComparer comparer = StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase;

        return comparer.Compare(hashOfInput, hash) == 0;
    }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The SHA256 hash of Hello World! is: 7f83b1657ff1fc53b92dc18148a1d65dfc2d4b1fa3d677284addd200126d9069.
//    Verifying the hash...
//    The hashes are the same.

Imports System.Security.Cryptography
Imports System.Text

Public Module Program
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim source As String = "Hello World!"
        Using sha256Hash As SHA256 = SHA256.Create()

            Dim hash As String = GetHash(sha256Hash, source)

            Console.WriteLine($"The SHA256 hash of {source} is: {hash}.")

            Console.WriteLine("Verifying the hash...")

            If VerifyHash(sha256Hash, source, hash) Then
                Console.WriteLine("The hashes are the same.")
            Else
                Console.WriteLine("The hashes are not same.")
            End If
        End Using
    End Sub 

    Private Function GetHash(ByVal hashAlgorithm As HashAlgorithm, ByVal input As String) As String

        ' Convert the input string to a byte array and compute the hash.
        Dim data As Byte() = hashAlgorithm.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input))

        ' Create a new Stringbuilder to collect the bytes
        ' and create a string.
        Dim sBuilder As New StringBuilder()

        ' Loop through each byte of the hashed data 
        ' and format each one as a hexadecimal string.
        For i As Integer = 0 To data.Length - 1
            sBuilder.Append(data(i).ToString("x2"))
        Next

        ' Return the hexadecimal string.
        Return sBuilder.ToString()
    End Function

    ' Verify a hash against a string.
    Private Function VerifyHash(hashAlgorithm As HashAlgorithm, input As String, hash As String) As Boolean
        ' Hash the input.
        Dim hashOfInput As String = GetHash(hashAlgorithm, input)

        ' Create a StringComparer an compare the hashes.
        Dim comparer As StringComparer = StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase

        Return comparer.Compare(hashOfInput, hash) = 0
    End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    The SHA256 hash of Hello World! is: 7f83b1657ff1fc53b92dc18148a1d65dfc2d4b1fa3d677284addd200126d9069.
'    Verifying the hash...
'    The hashes are the same.

ComputeHash(Stream)

來源:

HashAlgorithm.cs

計算指定 Stream 物件的雜湊值。

public:
 cli::array <System::Byte> ^ ComputeHash(System::IO::Stream ^ inputStream);

public byte[] ComputeHash (System.IO.Stream inputStream);

member this.ComputeHash : System.IO.Stream -> byte[]

Public Function ComputeHash (inputStream As Stream) As Byte()

參數

inputStream

Stream

要用來計算雜湊碼的輸入。

傳回

Byte[]

計算出來的雜湊碼。

例外狀況

ObjectDisposedException

物件已經處置。

範例

下列範例會 SHA256 計算目錄中所有檔案的哈希。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

public class HashDirectory
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        if (args.Length < 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("No directory selected.");
            return;
        }

        string directory = args[0];
        if (Directory.Exists(directory))
        {
            // Create a DirectoryInfo object representing the specified directory.
            var dir = new DirectoryInfo(directory);
            // Get the FileInfo objects for every file in the directory.
            FileInfo[] files = dir.GetFiles();
            // Initialize a SHA256 hash object.
            using (SHA256 mySHA256 = SHA256.Create())
            {
                // Compute and print the hash values for each file in directory.
                foreach (FileInfo fInfo in files)
                {
                    using (FileStream fileStream = fInfo.Open(FileMode.Open))
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            // Create a fileStream for the file.
                            // Be sure it's positioned to the beginning of the stream.
                            fileStream.Position = 0;
                            // Compute the hash of the fileStream.
                            byte[] hashValue = mySHA256.ComputeHash(fileStream);
                            // Write the name and hash value of the file to the console.
                            Console.Write($"{fInfo.Name}: ");
                            PrintByteArray(hashValue);
                        }
                        catch (IOException e)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine($"I/O Exception: {e.Message}");
                        }
                        catch (UnauthorizedAccessException e)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine($"Access Exception: {e.Message}");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The directory specified could not be found.");
        }
    }

    // Display the byte array in a readable format.
    public static void PrintByteArray(byte[] array)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.Write($"{array[i]:X2}");
            if ((i % 4) == 3) Console.Write(" ");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Cryptography

Public Module HashDirectory

    Public Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        If args.Length < 1 Then
            Console.WriteLine("No directory selected")
            Return
        End If

        Dim targetDirectory As String = args(0)
        If Directory.Exists(targetDirectory) Then
            ' Create a DirectoryInfo object representing the specified directory.
            Dim dir As New DirectoryInfo(targetDirectory)
            ' Get the FileInfo objects for every file in the directory.
            Dim files As FileInfo() = dir.GetFiles()
            ' Initialize a SHA256 hash object.
            Using mySHA256 As SHA256 = SHA256.Create()
                ' Compute and print the hash values for each file in directory.
                For Each fInfo  As FileInfo In files
                    Try
                        ' Create a fileStream for the file.
                        Dim fileStream = fInfo.Open(FileMode.Open)
                        ' Be sure it's positioned to the beginning of the stream.
                        fileStream.Position = 0
                        ' Compute the hash of the fileStream.
                        Dim hashValue() As Byte = mySHA256.ComputeHash(fileStream)
                        ' Write the name of the file to the Console.
                        Console.Write(fInfo.Name + ": ")
                        ' Write the hash value to the Console.
                        PrintByteArray(hashValue)
                        ' Close the file.
                        fileStream.Close()
                    Catch e As IOException
                        Console.WriteLine($"I/O Exception: {e.Message}")
                    Catch e As UnauthorizedAccessException 
                        Console.WriteLine($"Access Exception: {e.Message}")
                    End Try    
                Next 
            End Using
        Else
           Console.WriteLine("The directory specified could not be found.")
        End If
    End Sub

    ' Print the byte array in a readable format.
    Public Sub PrintByteArray(array() As Byte)
        For i As Integer = 0 To array.Length - 1
            Console.Write($"{array(i):X2}")
            If i Mod 4 = 3 Then
                Console.Write(" ")
            End If
        Next 
        Console.WriteLine()

    End Sub 
End Module

ComputeHash(Byte[], Int32, Int32)

來源:

HashAlgorithm.cs

計算所指定位元組陣列中指定區域的雜湊值。

public:
 cli::array <System::Byte> ^ ComputeHash(cli::array <System::Byte> ^ buffer, int offset, int count);

public byte[] ComputeHash (byte[] buffer, int offset, int count);

member this.ComputeHash : byte[] * int * int -> byte[]

Public Function ComputeHash (buffer As Byte(), offset As Integer, count As Integer) As Byte()

參數

buffer

Byte[]

要用來計算雜湊碼的輸入。

offset

Int32

位元組陣列中的座標，從此處開始使用資料。

count

Int32

陣列中要用作資料的位元組數目。

傳回

Byte[]

計算出來的雜湊碼。

例外狀況

ArgumentException

count 是無效的值。

-或-

buffer 長度無效。

ArgumentNullException

buffer 為 null。

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

offset 超出範圍。 這個參數需要非負數的數字。

ObjectDisposedException

物件已經處置。