String.IndexOf 方法
定義
重要
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報告這個執行個體中指定之 Unicode 字元或字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 如果在此執行個體中找不到該字元或字串，此方法會傳回 -1。
多載
| IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32, StringComparison) |
報告目前 String 物件中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定目前字串中的開始搜尋位置、目前字串中要搜尋的字元數目，以及要用於指定字串的搜尋類型。 |
| IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32) |
回報這個執行個體中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始，並檢視指定數目的字元位置。 |
| IndexOf(Char, Int32, Int32) |
報告這個執行個體中指定之字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始，並檢視指定數目的字元位置。 |
| IndexOf(String, StringComparison) |
報告目前 String 物件中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定要用於指定字串的搜尋類型。 |
| IndexOf(String, Int32, StringComparison) |
報告目前 String 物件中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定目前字串中的開始搜尋位置和要用於指定字串的搜尋類型。 |
| IndexOf(Char, StringComparison) |
報告這個字串中指定之 Unicode 字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定要用於指定字元的搜尋類型。 |
| IndexOf(Char, Int32) |
報告這個字串中指定之 Unicode 字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始。 |
| IndexOf(String) |
回報這個執行個體中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 |
| IndexOf(Char) |
報告這個字串中指定之 Unicode 字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 |
| IndexOf(String, Int32) |
回報這個執行個體中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始。 |
IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32, StringComparison)
報告目前 String 物件中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定目前字串中的開始搜尋位置、目前字串中要搜尋的字元數目，以及要用於指定字串的搜尋類型。
public:
int IndexOf(System::String ^ value, int startIndex, int count, StringComparison comparisonType);public int IndexOf (string value, int startIndex, int count, StringComparison comparisonType);member this.IndexOf : string * int * int * StringComparison -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As String, startIndex As Integer, count As Integer, comparisonType As StringComparison) As Integer參數
- value
- String
要搜尋的字串。
- startIndex
- Int32
搜尋開始位置。
- count
- Int32
要檢視的字元位置數目。
- comparisonType
- StringComparison
其中一個列舉值，指定搜尋規則。
傳回
如果找到該字串，則為從目前執行個體起始處之 value 參數的以零為起始索引位置；如果找不到，則為 -1。 如果 value 為 Empty，則傳回值是 startIndex。
例外狀況
value 為 null。
count 或 startIndex 為負。
-或-
startIndex 大於這個執行個體的長度。
-或-
count 大於這個字串減 startIndex 的長度。
comparisonType 不是有效的 StringComparison 值。
範例
下列範例示範方法的 IndexOf 三個多載，這些多載會使用列舉的不同值 StringComparison ，尋找另一個字串內第一個出現的字串。
// This code example demonstrates the
// System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Globalization;
class Sample
{
public static void Main()
{
string intro = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different " +
"values of StringComparison.";
string resultFmt = "Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}";
// Define a string to search for.
// U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
string CapitalAWithRing = "\u00c5";
// Define a string to search.
// The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
// RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
string cat = "A Cheshire c" + "\u0061\u030a" + "t";
int loc = 0;
StringComparison[] scValues = {
StringComparison.CurrentCulture,
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase,
StringComparison.InvariantCulture,
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase,
StringComparison.Ordinal,
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase };
// Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear();
Console.WriteLine(intro);
// Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
// try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo("en-US");
Console.WriteLine("The current culture is \"{0}\" - {1}.",
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name,
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName);
// Display the string to search for and the string to search.
Console.WriteLine("Search for the string \"{0}\" in the string \"{1}\"",
CapitalAWithRing, cat);
Console.WriteLine();
// Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
// LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
// the string was not found.
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
// index and count.
Console.WriteLine("Part 1: Start index and count are specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
// start index.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 2: Start index is specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
// Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
}
}
/*
Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
This code example produces the following results:
Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 2: Start index is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
*/
// This code example demonstrates the
// System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
open System
open System.Threading
open System.Globalization
let intro = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison."
// Define a string to search for.
// U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
let CapitalAWithRing = "\u00c5"
// Define a string to search.
// The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
// RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
let cat = "A Cheshire c" + "\u0061\u030a" + "t"
let scValues =
[| StringComparison.CurrentCulture
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase
StringComparison.InvariantCulture
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase
StringComparison.Ordinal
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase |]
// Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear()
printfn $"{intro}"
// Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
// try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture <- CultureInfo "en-US"
printfn $"The current culture is \"{Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name}\" - {Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName}."
// Display the string to search for and the string to search.
printfn $"Search for the string \"{CapitalAWithRing}\" in the string \"{cat}\"\n"
// Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
// LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
// the string was not found.
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
// index and count.
printfn "Part 1: Start index and count are specified."
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc)
printfn $"Comparison: {sc,-28} Location: {loc,3}"
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
// start index.
printfn "\nPart 2: Start index is specified."
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc)
printfn $"Comparison: {sc,-28} Location: {loc,3}"
// Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.")
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc)
Console.WriteLine("Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}", sc, loc)
(*
Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
This code example produces the following results:
Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 2: Start index is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
*)
' This code example demonstrates the
' System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Globalization
Class Sample
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim intro As String = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different " & _
"values of StringComparison."
Dim resultFmt As String = "Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}"
' Define a string to search for.
' U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
Dim CapitalAWithRing As String = "Å"
' Define a string to search.
' The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
' RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
' LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
Dim cat As String = "A Cheshire c" & "å" & "t"
Dim loc As Integer = 0
Dim scValues As StringComparison() = { _
StringComparison.CurrentCulture, _
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase, _
StringComparison.InvariantCulture, _
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase, _
StringComparison.Ordinal, _
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase }
Dim sc As StringComparison
' Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear()
Console.WriteLine(intro)
' Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
' try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = New CultureInfo("en-US")
Console.WriteLine("The current culture is ""{0}"" - {1}.", _
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name, _
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName)
' Display the string to search for and the string to search.
Console.WriteLine("Search for the string ""{0}"" in the string ""{1}""", _
CapitalAWithRing, cat)
Console.WriteLine()
' Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
' LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
' LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
' the string was not found.
' Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
' index and count.
Console.WriteLine("Part 1: Start index and count are specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
' Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
' start index.
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "Part 2: Start index is specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
' Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
End Sub
End Class
'
'Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
'culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
'
'This code example produces the following results:
'
'Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
'The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
'Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
'
'Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
'Part 2: Start index is specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
'Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
備註
索引編號從 0 開始 (零) 。
startIndex 參數的範圍可以從 0 到字串執行個體的長度。
搜尋會從 開始 startIndex ，並繼續 - startIndex + count 1。 位於的字元 startIndex + count 未包含在搜尋中。
參數 comparisonType 會指定使用目前或不可變文化特性、使用區分大小寫或不區分大小寫的搜尋，以及使用字組或序數比較規則來搜尋 value 參數。
給呼叫者的注意事項
字元集包含可忽略的字元，這些字元在執行語言或區分文化特性的比較時不列入考慮。 執行區分文化特性的搜尋 (也就是說，如果 comparisonType 不是 Ordinal 或 OrdinalIgnoreCase) 時，如果 value 包含可忽略的字元，則結果等於在已移除該字元的情況下搜尋。 如果 value 只包含一或多個可忽略的字元， IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32, StringComparison) 則方法一律會傳 startIndex回 ，這是搜尋開始的字元位置。
在下列範例中 IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32, StringComparison) ，方法用來尋找兩個字元串中第三到第六個字元位置開始的虛連字元位置 (U+00AD) 後面接著 “m”。 只有其中一個字串包含必要的子字串。 如果範例在 .NET Framework 4 或更新版本上執行，在這兩種情況下，因為虛連字元是可忽略的字元，則此方法會在字串中執行區分文化特性的比較時傳回 “m” 的索引。 不過，當它執行序數比較時，它只會在第一個字串中找到子字串。 請注意，在第一個字串的案例中包含虛連字元後面接著 「m」 時，方法無法傳回軟連字元的索引，而是在執行區分文化特性的比較時傳回 「m」 的索引。 只有在執行序數比較時，方法才會傳回第一個字串中選擇性連字號的索引。
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
string searchString = "\u00ADm";
string s1 = "ani\u00ADmal" ;
string s2 = "animal";
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.Ordinal));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.Ordinal));
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
// 3
// -1
}
}
open System
let searchString = "\u00ADm"
let s1 = "ani\u00ADmal"
let s2 = "animal"
printfn $"{s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"
printfn $"{s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.Ordinal)}"
printfn $"{s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"
printfn $"{s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.Ordinal)}"
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
// 3
// -1
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim searchString As String = Chrw(&h00AD) + "m"
Dim s1 As String = "ani" + ChrW(&h00AD) + "mal"
Dim s2 As String = "animal"
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.Ordinal))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4, StringComparison.Ordinal))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' 4
' 3
' 3
' -1
適用於
IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32)
回報這個執行個體中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始，並檢視指定數目的字元位置。
public:
int IndexOf(System::String ^ value, int startIndex, int count);public int IndexOf (string value, int startIndex, int count);member this.IndexOf : string * int * int -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As String, startIndex As Integer, count As Integer) As Integer參數
- value
- String
要搜尋的字串。
- startIndex
- Int32
搜尋開始位置。
- count
- Int32
要檢視的字元位置數目。
傳回
如果找到該字串，則為從目前執行個體起始處之 value 的以零為起始索引位置；如果找不到，則為 -1。 如果 value 為 Empty，則傳回值是 startIndex。
例外狀況
value 為 null。
count 或 startIndex 為負。
-或-
startIndex 大於這個字串的長度。
-或-
count 大於這個字串減 startIndex 的長度。
範例
下列範例會尋找另一個字串子字串內所有出現字串 「he」 的索引。 請注意，必須針對每個搜尋反覆專案重新計算要搜尋的字元數。
// Sample for String::IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32)
using namespace System;
int main()
{
String^ br1 = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-";
String^ br2 = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456";
String^ str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party.";
int start;
int at;
int end;
int count;
end = str->Length;
start = end / 2;
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "All occurrences of 'he' from position {0} to {1}.", start, end - 1 );
Console::WriteLine( "{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", Environment::NewLine, br1, br2, str );
Console::Write( "The string 'he' occurs at position(s): " );
count = 0;
at = 0;
while ( (start <= end) && (at > -1) )
{
// start+count must be a position within -str-.
count = end - start;
at = str->IndexOf( "he", start, count );
if ( at == -1 )
break;
Console::Write( "{0} ", at );
start = at + 1;
}
Console::WriteLine();
}
/*
This example produces the following results:
All occurrences of 'he' from position 33 to 66.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-
0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party.
The string 'he' occurs at position(s): 45 56
*/
string br1 = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---";
string br2 = "012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678";
string str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.";
int start;
int at;
int end;
int count;
end = str.Length;
start = end/2;
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("All occurrences of 'he' from position {0} to {1}.", start, end-1);
Console.WriteLine("{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", Environment.NewLine, br1, br2, str);
Console.Write("The string 'he' occurs at position(s): ");
count = 0;
at = 0;
while((start <= end) && (at > -1))
{
// start+count must be a position within -str-.
count = end - start;
at = str.IndexOf("he", start, count);
if (at == -1) break;
Console.Write("{0} ", at);
start = at+1;
}
Console.WriteLine();
/*
This example produces the following results:
All occurrences of 'he' from position 34 to 68.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---
012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.
The string 'he' occurs at position(s): 45 56
*/
let br1 = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---"
let br2 = "012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678"
let str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
let last = str.Length
let mutable start = last / 2
printfn $"\nAll occurrences of 'he' from position {start} to {last - 1}."
printfn $"{br1}{Environment.NewLine}{br2}{Environment.NewLine}{str}{Environment.NewLine}"
printf "The string 'he' occurs at position(s): "
let mutable broken = false
let mutable at = 0
while (start <= last) && (at > -1) do
// start+count must be a position within -str-.
let count = last - start
at <- str.IndexOf("he", start, count)
if at = -1 then
broken <- true
else
printf $"{at} "
start <- at + 1
printfn ""
(*
This example produces the following results:
All occurrences of 'he' from position 34 to 68.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---
012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.
The string 'he' occurs at position(s): 45 56
*)
' Sample for String.IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32)
Class Sample
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim br1 As String = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-"
Dim br2 As String = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
Dim str As String = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party."
Dim start As Integer
Dim at As Integer
Dim [end] As Integer
Dim count As Integer
[end] = str.Length
start = [end] / 2
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("All occurrences of 'he' from position {0} to {1}.", start, [end] - 1)
Console.WriteLine("{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", Environment.NewLine, br1, br2, str)
Console.Write("The string 'he' occurs at position(s): ")
count = 0
at = 0
While start <= [end] AndAlso at > - 1
' start+count must be a position within -str-.
count = [end] - start
at = str.IndexOf("he", start, count)
If at = - 1 Then
Exit While
End If
Console.Write("{0} ", at)
start = at + 1
End While
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
End Class
'
'This example produces the following results:
'
'All occurrences of 'he' from position 33 to 66.
'0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-
'0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456
'Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party.
'
'The string 'he' occurs at position(s): 45 56
'
'
備註
索引編號從 0 開始 (零) 。
startIndex 參數的範圍可以從 0 到字串執行個體的長度。
這個方法會使用目前文化特性來執行單字 (區分大小寫和區分文化特性) 搜尋。 搜尋會從 開始 startIndex ，並繼續 - startIndex + count 1。 位於的字元 startIndex + count 未包含在搜尋中。
字元集包含可忽略的字元，這些字元在執行語言或區分文化特性的比較時不列入考慮。 執行區分文化特性的搜尋時，如果 value 包含可忽略的字元，則結果等於在已移除該字元的情況下搜尋。 如果 value 只包含一或多個可忽略的字元， IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32) 則方法一律會傳 startIndex回 ，這是搜尋開始的字元位置。 在下列範例中 IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32) ，方法用來尋找兩個字元串中第三到第六個字元位置開始的虛連字元位置 (U+00AD) 後面接著 “m”。 只有其中一個字串包含必要的子字串。 如果範例在 .NET Framework 4 或更新版本上執行，在這兩種情況下，因為虛連字元是可忽略的字元，則此方法會在字串中執行區分文化特性的比較時傳回 “m” 的索引。 請注意，就第一個字串的情況，這個字串是選擇性連字號後面接著 "m"，結果方法不是傳回選擇性連字號的索引，而是傳回 "m" 的索引。
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
string searchString = "\u00ADm";
string s1 = "ani\u00ADmal" ;
string s2 = "animal";
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4));
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
}
}
let searchString = "\u00ADm"
let s1 = "ani\u00ADmal"
let s2 = "animal"
printfn $"{s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4)}"
printfn $"{s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4)}"
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim searchString As String = Chrw(&h00AD) + "m"
Dim s1 As String = "ani" + ChrW(&h00AD) + "mal"
Dim s2 As String = "animal"
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, 4))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' 4
' 3
給呼叫者的注意事項
如 使用字串的最佳做法中所述，建議您避免呼叫取代預設值的字元串比較方法，而是呼叫需要明確指定參數的方法。 若要使用目前文化特性的比較規則來執行這項作業，請藉由呼叫 IndexOf(String, Int32, Int32, StringComparison) 方法多載為其 參數的值CurrentCulturecomparisonType明確發出訊號。 如果您不需要語言感知比較，請考慮使用 Ordinal。
另請參閱
適用於
IndexOf(Char, Int32, Int32)
報告這個執行個體中指定之字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始，並檢視指定數目的字元位置。
public:
int IndexOf(char value, int startIndex, int count);public int IndexOf (char value, int startIndex, int count);member this.IndexOf : char * int * int -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As Char, startIndex As Integer, count As Integer) As Integer參數
- value
- Char
要搜尋的 Unicode 字元。
- startIndex
- Int32
搜尋開始位置。
- count
- Int32
要檢視的字元位置數目。
傳回
如果找到該字元，則為從字串起始處之 value 的以零為起始索引位置，如果找不到，則為 -1。
例外狀況
count 或 startIndex 為負。
-或-
startIndex 大於這個字串的長度。
-或-
count 大於這個字串減 startIndex 的長度。
範例
下列範例示範 IndexOf 方法。
// Example for the String::IndexOf( Char, int, int ) method.
using namespace System;
void FindAllChar( Char target, String^ searched )
{
Console::Write( "The character '{0}' occurs at position(s): ", target );
int startIndex = -1;
int hitCount = 0;
// Search for all occurrences of the target.
while ( true )
{
startIndex = searched->IndexOf( target, startIndex + 1, searched->Length - startIndex - 1 );
// Exit the loop if the target is not found.
if ( startIndex < 0 )
break;
Console::Write( "{0}, ", startIndex );
hitCount++;
}
Console::WriteLine( "occurrences: {0}", hitCount );
}
int main()
{
String^ br1 = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----"
"4----+----5----+----6----+----7";
String^ br2 = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
"0123456789012345678901234567890";
String^ str = "ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi "
"ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI";
Console::WriteLine( "This example of String::IndexOf( Char, int, int )\n"
"generates the following output." );
Console::WriteLine( "{0}{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", Environment::NewLine, br1, br2, str );
FindAllChar( 'A', str );
FindAllChar( 'a', str );
FindAllChar( 'I', str );
FindAllChar( 'i', str );
FindAllChar( '@', str );
FindAllChar( ' ', str );
}
/*
This example of String::IndexOf( Char, int, int )
generates the following output.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7
01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI
The character 'A' occurs at position(s): 0, 20, 40, 60, occurrences: 4
The character 'a' occurs at position(s): 10, 30, 50, occurrences: 3
The character 'I' occurs at position(s): 8, 28, 48, 68, occurrences: 4
The character 'i' occurs at position(s): 18, 38, 58, occurrences: 3
The character '@' occurs at position(s): occurrences: 0
The character ' ' occurs at position(s): 9, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, occurrences: 6
*/
// Example for the String.IndexOf( char, int, int ) method.
using System;
class IndexOfCII
{
public static void Main()
{
string br1 =
"0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----" +
"4----+----5----+----6----+----7";
string br2 =
"0123456789012345678901234567890123456789" +
"0123456789012345678901234567890";
string str =
"ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi " +
"ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI";
Console.WriteLine(
"This example of String.IndexOf( char, int, int )\n" +
"generates the following output." );
Console.WriteLine(
"{0}{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}",
Environment.NewLine, br1, br2, str );
FindAllChar( 'A', str );
FindAllChar( 'a', str );
FindAllChar( 'I', str );
FindAllChar( 'i', str );
FindAllChar( '@', str );
FindAllChar( ' ', str );
}
static void FindAllChar( Char target, String searched )
{
Console.Write(
"The character '{0}' occurs at position(s): ",
target );
int startIndex = -1;
int hitCount = 0;
// Search for all occurrences of the target.
while( true )
{
startIndex = searched.IndexOf(
target, startIndex + 1,
searched.Length - startIndex - 1 );
// Exit the loop if the target is not found.
if( startIndex < 0 )
break;
Console.Write( "{0}, ", startIndex );
hitCount++;
}
Console.WriteLine( "occurrences: {0}", hitCount );
}
}
/*
This example of String.IndexOf( char, int, int )
generates the following output.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7
01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI
The character 'A' occurs at position(s): 0, 20, 40, 60, occurrences: 4
The character 'a' occurs at position(s): 10, 30, 50, occurrences: 3
The character 'I' occurs at position(s): 8, 28, 48, 68, occurrences: 4
The character 'i' occurs at position(s): 18, 38, 58, occurrences: 3
The character '@' occurs at position(s): occurrences: 0
The character ' ' occurs at position(s): 9, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, occurrences: 6
*/
// Example for the String.IndexOf( char, int, int ) method.
open System
let br1 =
"0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----" +
"4----+----5----+----6----+----7"
let br2 =
"0123456789012345678901234567890123456789" +
"0123456789012345678901234567890"
let str =
"ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi " +
"ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI"
printfn "This example of String.IndexOf( char, int, int )\ngenerates the following output."
printfn $"{Environment.NewLine}{br1}{Environment.NewLine}{br2}{Environment.NewLine}{str}{Environment.NewLine}"
let findAllChar (target: char) (searched: string) =
printf $"The character '{target}' occurs at position(s): "
let mutable hitCount = 0
let mutable startIndex = -1
let mutable broken = false
// Search for all occurrences of the target.
while not broken do
startIndex <- searched.IndexOf(target, startIndex + 1, searched.Length - startIndex - 1)
// Exit the loop if the target is not found.
if startIndex < 0 then
broken <- true
else
printf $"{startIndex}, "
hitCount <- hitCount + 1
printfn $"occurrences: {hitCount}"
findAllChar 'A' str
findAllChar 'a' str
findAllChar 'I' str
findAllChar 'i' str
findAllChar '@' str
findAllChar ' ' str
(*
This example of String.IndexOf( char, int, int )
generates the following output.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7
01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI
The character 'A' occurs at position(s): 0, 20, 40, 60, occurrences: 4
The character 'a' occurs at position(s): 10, 30, 50, occurrences: 3
The character 'I' occurs at position(s): 8, 28, 48, 68, occurrences: 4
The character 'i' occurs at position(s): 18, 38, 58, occurrences: 3
The character '@' occurs at position(s): occurrences: 0
The character ' ' occurs at position(s): 9, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, occurrences: 6
*)
' Example for the String.IndexOf( Char, Integer, Integer ) method.
Module IndexOfCII
Sub Main()
Dim br1 As String = _
"0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----" & _
"4----+----5----+----6----+----7"
Dim br2 As String = _
"0123456789012345678901234567890123456789" & _
"0123456789012345678901234567890"
Dim str As String = _
"ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi " & _
"ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI"
Console.WriteLine( _
"This example of String.IndexOf( Char, Integer, Integer )" & _
vbCrLf & "generates the following output." )
Console.WriteLine( _
"{0}{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", _
Environment.NewLine, br1, br2, str)
FindAllChar("A"c, str)
FindAllChar("a"c, str)
FindAllChar("I"c, str)
FindAllChar("i"c, str)
FindAllChar("@"c, str)
FindAllChar(" "c, str)
End Sub
Sub FindAllChar(target As Char, searched As String)
Console.Write( _
"The character ""{0}"" occurs at position(s): ", target)
Dim startIndex As Integer = - 1
Dim hitCount As Integer = 0
' Search for all occurrences of the target.
While True
startIndex = searched.IndexOf( _
target, startIndex + 1, _
searched.Length - startIndex - 1)
' Exit the loop if the target is not found.
If startIndex < 0 Then
Exit While
End If
Console.Write("{0}, ", startIndex)
hitCount += 1
End While
Console.WriteLine("occurrences: {0}", hitCount)
End Sub
End Module 'IndexOfCII
' This example of String.IndexOf( Char, Integer, Integer )
' generates the following output.
'
' 0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7
' 01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
' ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI abcdefghi ABCDEFGHI
'
' The character "A" occurs at position(s): 0, 20, 40, 60, occurrences: 4
' The character "a" occurs at position(s): 10, 30, 50, occurrences: 3
' The character "I" occurs at position(s): 8, 28, 48, 68, occurrences: 4
' The character "i" occurs at position(s): 18, 38, 58, occurrences: 3
' The character "@" occurs at position(s): occurrences: 0
' The character " " occurs at position(s): 9, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, occurrences: 6
備註
搜尋會從 開始 startIndex ，並繼續 - startIndex + count 1。 位於的字元 startIndex + count 未包含在搜尋中。
索引編號從 0 開始 (零) 。
startIndex 參數的範圍可以從 0 到字串執行個體的長度。
這個方法會執行不區分文化特性的序數 (不區分文化特性) 搜尋，其中字元只有在 Unicode 純量值相同時，才會被視為相當於另一個字元。 若要執行區分文化特性的搜尋，請使用 CompareInfo.IndexOf 方法，其中代表預先編譯字元的 Unicode 純量值，例如 ligature “Æ” (U+00C6) ，可能會視為相當於正確序列中任何出現的字元元件，例如 “AE” (U+0041、U+0045) ，視文化特性而定。
另請參閱
適用於
IndexOf(String, StringComparison)
報告目前 String 物件中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定要用於指定字串的搜尋類型。
public:
int IndexOf(System::String ^ value, StringComparison comparisonType);public int IndexOf (string value, StringComparison comparisonType);member this.IndexOf : string * StringComparison -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As String, comparisonType As StringComparison) As Integer參數
- value
- String
要搜尋的字串。
- comparisonType
- StringComparison
其中一個列舉值，指定搜尋規則。
傳回
如果找到該字串，則為 value 的索引位置，如果沒有找到，則為 -1。 如果 value 為 Empty，則傳回值是 0。
例外狀況
value 為 null。
comparisonType 不是有效的 StringComparison 值。
範例
下列範例示範方法的 IndexOf 三個多載，這些多載會使用列舉的不同值 StringComparison ，尋找另一個字串內第一個出現的字串。
// This code example demonstrates the
// System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Globalization;
class Sample
{
public static void Main()
{
string intro = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different " +
"values of StringComparison.";
string resultFmt = "Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}";
// Define a string to search for.
// U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
string CapitalAWithRing = "\u00c5";
// Define a string to search.
// The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
// RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
string cat = "A Cheshire c" + "\u0061\u030a" + "t";
int loc = 0;
StringComparison[] scValues = {
StringComparison.CurrentCulture,
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase,
StringComparison.InvariantCulture,
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase,
StringComparison.Ordinal,
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase };
// Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear();
Console.WriteLine(intro);
// Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
// try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo("en-US");
Console.WriteLine("The current culture is \"{0}\" - {1}.",
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name,
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName);
// Display the string to search for and the string to search.
Console.WriteLine("Search for the string \"{0}\" in the string \"{1}\"",
CapitalAWithRing, cat);
Console.WriteLine();
// Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
// LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
// the string was not found.
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
// index and count.
Console.WriteLine("Part 1: Start index and count are specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
// start index.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 2: Start index is specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
// Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
}
}
/*
Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
This code example produces the following results:
Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 2: Start index is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
*/
// This code example demonstrates the
// System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
open System
open System.Threading
open System.Globalization
let intro = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison."
// Define a string to search for.
// U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
let CapitalAWithRing = "\u00c5"
// Define a string to search.
// The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
// RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
let cat = "A Cheshire c" + "\u0061\u030a" + "t"
let scValues =
[| StringComparison.CurrentCulture
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase
StringComparison.InvariantCulture
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase
StringComparison.Ordinal
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase |]
// Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear()
printfn $"{intro}"
// Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
// try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture <- CultureInfo "en-US"
printfn $"The current culture is \"{Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name}\" - {Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName}."
// Display the string to search for and the string to search.
printfn $"Search for the string \"{CapitalAWithRing}\" in the string \"{cat}\"\n"
// Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
// LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
// the string was not found.
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
// index and count.
printfn "Part 1: Start index and count are specified."
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc)
printfn $"Comparison: {sc,-28} Location: {loc,3}"
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
// start index.
printfn "\nPart 2: Start index is specified."
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc)
printfn $"Comparison: {sc,-28} Location: {loc,3}"
// Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.")
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc)
Console.WriteLine("Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}", sc, loc)
(*
Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
This code example produces the following results:
Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 2: Start index is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
*)
' This code example demonstrates the
' System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Globalization
Class Sample
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim intro As String = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different " & _
"values of StringComparison."
Dim resultFmt As String = "Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}"
' Define a string to search for.
' U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
Dim CapitalAWithRing As String = "Å"
' Define a string to search.
' The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
' RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
' LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
Dim cat As String = "A Cheshire c" & "å" & "t"
Dim loc As Integer = 0
Dim scValues As StringComparison() = { _
StringComparison.CurrentCulture, _
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase, _
StringComparison.InvariantCulture, _
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase, _
StringComparison.Ordinal, _
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase }
Dim sc As StringComparison
' Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear()
Console.WriteLine(intro)
' Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
' try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = New CultureInfo("en-US")
Console.WriteLine("The current culture is ""{0}"" - {1}.", _
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name, _
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName)
' Display the string to search for and the string to search.
Console.WriteLine("Search for the string ""{0}"" in the string ""{1}""", _
CapitalAWithRing, cat)
Console.WriteLine()
' Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
' LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
' LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
' the string was not found.
' Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
' index and count.
Console.WriteLine("Part 1: Start index and count are specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
' Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
' start index.
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "Part 2: Start index is specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
' Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
End Sub
End Class
'
'Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
'culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
'
'This code example produces the following results:
'
'Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
'The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
'Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
'
'Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
'Part 2: Start index is specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
'Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
備註
索引編號從零開始。
參數 comparisonType 會指定使用目前或不可變文化特性、使用區分大小寫或不區分大小寫的搜尋，以及使用字組或序數比較規則來搜尋 value 參數。
給呼叫者的注意事項
字元集包含可忽略的字元，這些字元在執行語言或區分文化特性的比較時不列入考慮。 執行區分文化特性的搜尋 (也就是說，如果 comparisonType 不是 Ordinal 或 OrdinalIgnoreCase) 時，如果 value 包含可忽略的字元，則結果等於在已移除該字元的情況下搜尋。 如果 value 只包含一或多個可忽略的字元， IndexOf(String, StringComparison) 則方法一律會傳回 0 (零) ，表示在目前實例的開頭找到相符專案。
在下列範例中 IndexOf(String, StringComparison) ，方法是用來尋找三個子字串， (一個軟連字元 (U+00AD) 、後面接著 “n” 的軟連字元，以及兩個字符串中的 “m”) 。 只有其中一個字串包含選擇性連字號。 如果範例是在 .NET Framework 4 或更新版本上執行，因為虛連字元是可忽略的字元，區分文化特性的搜尋會傳回相同的值，如果搜尋字串中未包含虛連字元，則會傳回相同的值。 不過，序數搜尋會在一個字串中成功尋找虛連字元，並報告它不存在於第二個字串中。
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
string s1 = "ani\u00ADmal";
string s2 = "animal";
Console.WriteLine("Culture-sensitive comparison:");
// Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen.
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
// Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "n".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
// Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "m".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine("Ordinal comparison:");
// Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen.
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.Ordinal));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.Ordinal));
// Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "n".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.Ordinal));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.Ordinal));
// Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "m".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.Ordinal));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.Ordinal));
// The example displays the following output:
// Culture-sensitive comparison:
// 0
// 0
// 1
// 1
// 4
// 3
// Ordinal comparison:
// 3
// -1
// -1
// -1
// 3
// -1
}
}
open System
let s1 = "ani\u00ADmal"
let s2 = "animal"
printfn "Culture-sensitive comparison:"
// Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen.
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"""
// Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "n".
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"""
// Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "m".
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"""
printfn "Ordinal comparison:"
// Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen.
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.Ordinal)}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf("\u00AD", StringComparison.Ordinal)}"""
// Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "n".
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.Ordinal)}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf("\u00ADn", StringComparison.Ordinal)}"""
// Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "m".
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.Ordinal)}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf("\u00ADm", StringComparison.Ordinal)}"""
// The example displays the following output:
// Culture-sensitive comparison:
// 0
// 0
// 1
// 1
// 4
// 3
// Ordinal comparison:
// 3
// -1
// -1
// -1
// 3
// -1
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim softHyphen As String = ChrW(&h00AD)
Dim s1 As String = "ani" + softHyphen + "mal"
Dim s2 As String = "animal"
Console.WriteLine("Culture-sensitive comparison:")
' Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen.
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen, StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen, StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
' Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "n".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen + "n", StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen + "n", StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
' Use culture-sensitive comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "m".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen + "m", StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen + "m", StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine("Ordinal comparison:")
' Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen.
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen, StringComparison.Ordinal))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen, StringComparison.Ordinal))
' Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "n".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen + "n", StringComparison.Ordinal))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen + "n", StringComparison.Ordinal))
' Use ordinal comparison to find the soft hyphen followed by "m".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen + "m", StringComparison.Ordinal))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen + "m", StringComparison.Ordinal))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' Culture-sensitive comparison:
' 0
' 0
' 1
' 1
' 4
' 3
' Ordinal comparison:
' 3
' -1
' -1
' -1
' 3
' -1
適用於
IndexOf(String, Int32, StringComparison)
報告目前 String 物件中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定目前字串中的開始搜尋位置和要用於指定字串的搜尋類型。
public:
int IndexOf(System::String ^ value, int startIndex, StringComparison comparisonType);public int IndexOf (string value, int startIndex, StringComparison comparisonType);member this.IndexOf : string * int * StringComparison -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As String, startIndex As Integer, comparisonType As StringComparison) As Integer參數
- value
- String
要搜尋的字串。
- startIndex
- Int32
搜尋開始位置。
- comparisonType
- StringComparison
其中一個列舉值，指定搜尋規則。
傳回
如果找到該字串，則為從目前執行個體起始處之 value 參數的以零為起始索引位置；如果找不到，則為 -1。 如果 value 為 Empty，則傳回值是 startIndex。
例外狀況
value 為 null。
startIndex 小於 0 (零) 或大於這個字串的長度。
comparisonType 不是有效的 StringComparison 值。
範例
下列範例示範方法的 IndexOf 三個多載，這些多載會使用列舉的不同值 StringComparison ，尋找另一個字串內第一個出現的字串。
// This code example demonstrates the
// System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Globalization;
class Sample
{
public static void Main()
{
string intro = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different " +
"values of StringComparison.";
string resultFmt = "Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}";
// Define a string to search for.
// U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
string CapitalAWithRing = "\u00c5";
// Define a string to search.
// The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
// RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
string cat = "A Cheshire c" + "\u0061\u030a" + "t";
int loc = 0;
StringComparison[] scValues = {
StringComparison.CurrentCulture,
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase,
StringComparison.InvariantCulture,
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase,
StringComparison.Ordinal,
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase };
// Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear();
Console.WriteLine(intro);
// Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
// try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo("en-US");
Console.WriteLine("The current culture is \"{0}\" - {1}.",
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name,
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName);
// Display the string to search for and the string to search.
Console.WriteLine("Search for the string \"{0}\" in the string \"{1}\"",
CapitalAWithRing, cat);
Console.WriteLine();
// Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
// LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
// the string was not found.
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
// index and count.
Console.WriteLine("Part 1: Start index and count are specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
// start index.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 2: Start index is specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
// Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.");
foreach (StringComparison sc in scValues)
{
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc);
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc);
}
}
}
/*
Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
This code example produces the following results:
Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 2: Start index is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
*/
// This code example demonstrates the
// System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
open System
open System.Threading
open System.Globalization
let intro = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison."
// Define a string to search for.
// U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
let CapitalAWithRing = "\u00c5"
// Define a string to search.
// The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
// RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
let cat = "A Cheshire c" + "\u0061\u030a" + "t"
let scValues =
[| StringComparison.CurrentCulture
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase
StringComparison.InvariantCulture
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase
StringComparison.Ordinal
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase |]
// Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear()
printfn $"{intro}"
// Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
// try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture <- CultureInfo "en-US"
printfn $"The current culture is \"{Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name}\" - {Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName}."
// Display the string to search for and the string to search.
printfn $"Search for the string \"{CapitalAWithRing}\" in the string \"{cat}\"\n"
// Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
// LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
// LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
// the string was not found.
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
// index and count.
printfn "Part 1: Start index and count are specified."
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc)
printfn $"Comparison: {sc,-28} Location: {loc,3}"
// Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
// start index.
printfn "\nPart 2: Start index is specified."
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc)
printfn $"Comparison: {sc,-28} Location: {loc,3}"
// Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine("\nPart 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.")
for sc in scValues do
let loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc)
Console.WriteLine("Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}", sc, loc)
(*
Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
This code example produces the following results:
Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 2: Start index is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
*)
' This code example demonstrates the
' System.String.IndexOf(String, ..., StringComparison) methods.
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Globalization
Class Sample
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim intro As String = "Find the first occurrence of a character using different " & _
"values of StringComparison."
Dim resultFmt As String = "Comparison: {0,-28} Location: {1,3}"
' Define a string to search for.
' U+00c5 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
Dim CapitalAWithRing As String = "Å"
' Define a string to search.
' The result of combining the characters LATIN SMALL LETTER A and COMBINING
' RING ABOVE (U+0061, U+030a) is linguistically equivalent to the character
' LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE (U+00e5).
Dim cat As String = "A Cheshire c" & "å" & "t"
Dim loc As Integer = 0
Dim scValues As StringComparison() = { _
StringComparison.CurrentCulture, _
StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase, _
StringComparison.InvariantCulture, _
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase, _
StringComparison.Ordinal, _
StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase }
Dim sc As StringComparison
' Clear the screen and display an introduction.
Console.Clear()
Console.WriteLine(intro)
' Display the current culture because culture affects the result. For example,
' try this code example with the "sv-SE" (Swedish-Sweden) culture.
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = New CultureInfo("en-US")
Console.WriteLine("The current culture is ""{0}"" - {1}.", _
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name, _
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.DisplayName)
' Display the string to search for and the string to search.
Console.WriteLine("Search for the string ""{0}"" in the string ""{1}""", _
CapitalAWithRing, cat)
Console.WriteLine()
' Note that in each of the following searches, we look for
' LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE in a string that contains
' LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE. A result value of -1 indicates
' the string was not found.
' Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the start
' index and count.
Console.WriteLine("Part 1: Start index and count are specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, cat.Length, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
' Search using different values of StringComparison. Specify the
' start index.
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "Part 2: Start index is specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, 0, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
' Search using different values of StringComparison.
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.")
For Each sc In scValues
loc = cat.IndexOf(CapitalAWithRing, sc)
Console.WriteLine(resultFmt, sc, loc)
Next sc
End Sub
End Class
'
'Note: This code example was executed on a console whose user interface
'culture is "en-US" (English-United States).
'
'This code example produces the following results:
'
'Find the first occurrence of a character using different values of StringComparison.
'The current culture is "en-US" - English (United States).
'Search for the string "Å" in the string "A Cheshire ca°t"
'
'Part 1: Start index and count are specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
'Part 2: Start index is specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
'Part 3: Neither start index nor count is specified.
'Comparison: CurrentCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: CurrentCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: InvariantCulture Location: -1
'Comparison: InvariantCultureIgnoreCase Location: 12
'Comparison: Ordinal Location: -1
'Comparison: OrdinalIgnoreCase Location: -1
'
備註
索引編號從 0 開始。
startIndex 參數的範圍可以從 0 到字串執行個體的長度。 如果 startIndex 等於字串實例的長度，方法會傳回 -1。
參數 comparisonType 會指定使用目前或不可變文化特性、使用區分大小寫或不區分大小寫的搜尋，以及使用字組或序數比較規則來搜尋 value 參數。
給呼叫者的注意事項
字元集包含可忽略的字元，這些字元在執行語言或區分文化特性的比較時不列入考慮。 執行區分文化特性的搜尋 (也就是說，如果 comparisonType 不是 Ordinal 或 OrdinalIgnoreCase) 時，如果 value 包含可忽略的字元，則結果等於在已移除該字元的情況下搜尋。 如果 value 只包含一或多個可忽略的字元， IndexOf(String, Int32, StringComparison) 則方法一律會傳 startIndex回 ，這是搜尋開始的字元位置。
在下列範例中 IndexOf(String, Int32, StringComparison) ，方法是用來尋找虛連字元的位置， (U+00AD) 後面接著以兩個字符串中的第三個字元位置開頭的 “m”。 只有其中一個字串包含必要的子字串。 如果範例在 .NET Framework 4 或更新版本上執行，在這兩種情況下，因為虛連字元是可忽略的字元，則此方法會在字串中執行區分文化特性的比較時傳回 “m” 的索引。 請注意，就第一個字串的情況，這個字串是選擇性連字號後面接著 "m"，結果方法不是傳回選擇性連字號的索引，而是傳回 "m" 的索引。 只有在執行序數比較時，方法才會傳回第一個字串中選擇性連字號的索引。
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
string searchString = "\u00ADm";
string s1 = "ani\u00ADmal" ;
string s2 = "animal";
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.Ordinal));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.CurrentCulture));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.Ordinal));
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
// 3
// -1
}
}
open System
let searchString = "\u00ADm"
let s1 = "ani\u00ADmal"
let s2 = "animal"
printfn $"{s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"
printfn $"{s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.Ordinal)}"
printfn $"{s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.CurrentCulture)}"
printfn $"{s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.Ordinal)}"
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
// 3
// -1
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim searchString As String = Chrw(&h00AD) + "m"
Dim s1 As String = "ani" + ChrW(&h00AD) + "mal"
Dim s2 As String = "animal"
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.Ordinal))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2, StringComparison.Ordinal))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' 4
' 3
' 3
' -1
適用於
IndexOf(Char, StringComparison)
報告這個字串中指定之 Unicode 字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 參數會指定要用於指定字元的搜尋類型。
public:
int IndexOf(char value, StringComparison comparisonType);public int IndexOf (char value, StringComparison comparisonType);member this.IndexOf : char * StringComparison -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As Char, comparisonType As StringComparison) As Integer參數
- value
- Char
要搜尋的字元。
- comparisonType
- StringComparison
列舉值，其指定搜尋規則。
傳回
如果找到該字元，則為 value 以零為起始的索引；如果找不到，則為 -1。
例外狀況
comparisonType 不是有效的 StringComparison 值。
備註
索引編號從零開始。
參數 comparisonType 是 StringComparison 列舉成員，指定自變數的 value 搜尋是否使用目前或不可變的文化特性、區分大小寫或不區分大小寫，或使用字組或序數比較規則。
適用於
IndexOf(Char, Int32)
報告這個字串中指定之 Unicode 字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始。
public:
int IndexOf(char value, int startIndex);public int IndexOf (char value, int startIndex);member this.IndexOf : char * int -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As Char, startIndex As Integer) As Integer參數
- value
- Char
要搜尋的 Unicode 字元。
- startIndex
- Int32
搜尋開始位置。
傳回
如果找到該字元，則為從字串起始處之 value 的以零為起始索引位置，如果找不到，則為 -1。
例外狀況
startIndex 小於 0 (零) 或大於字串的長度。
範例
下列範例示範 IndexOf 方法。
// Sample for String::IndexOf(Char, Int32)
using namespace System;
int main()
{
String^ br1 = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-";
String^ br2 = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456";
String^ str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party.";
int start;
int at;
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to {0}.", str->Length - 1 );
Console::WriteLine( "{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", Environment::NewLine, br1, br2, str );
Console::Write( "The letter 't' occurs at position(s): " );
at = 0;
start = 0;
while ( (start < str->Length) && (at > -1) )
{
at = str->IndexOf( 't', start );
if ( at == -1 )
break;
Console::Write( "{0} ", at );
start = at + 1;
}
Console::WriteLine();
}
/*
This example produces the following results:
All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to 66.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-
0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party.
The letter 't' occurs at position(s): 7 11 33 41 44 55 64
*/
string br1 = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---";
string br2 = "012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678";
string str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.";
int start;
int at;
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to {0}.", str.Length-1);
Console.WriteLine("{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", Environment.NewLine, br1, br2, str);
Console.Write("The letter 't' occurs at position(s): ");
at = 0;
start = 0;
while((start < str.Length) && (at > -1))
{
at = str.IndexOf('t', start);
if (at == -1) break;
Console.Write("{0} ", at);
start = at+1;
}
Console.WriteLine();
/*
This example produces the following results:
All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to 68.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---
012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.
The letter 't' occurs at position(s): 7 11 33 41 44 55 65
*/
let br1 = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---"
let br2 = "012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678"
let str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
printfn ""
printfn $"All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to {str.Length - 1}."
printfn $"{br1}{Environment.NewLine}{br2}{Environment.NewLine}{str}{Environment.NewLine}"
printf "The letter 't' occurs at position(s): "
let mutable at = 0
let mutable start = 0
let mutable broken = false
while not broken && (start < str.Length) && (at > -1) do
at <- str.IndexOf('t', start)
if at = -1 then broken <- true
else
printf $"{at} "
start <- at + 1
printfn ""
(*
This example produces the following results:
All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to 68.
0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+---
012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.
The letter 't' occurs at position(s): 7 11 33 41 44 55 65
*)
' Sample for String.IndexOf(Char, Int32)
Module Sample
Sub Main()
Dim br1 As String = "0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-"
Dim br2 As String = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
Dim str As String = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party."
Dim start As Integer
Dim at As Integer
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to {0}.", str.Length - 1)
Console.WriteLine("{1}{0}{2}{0}{3}{0}", Environment.NewLine, br1, br2, str)
Console.Write("The letter 't' occurs at position(s): ")
at = 0
start = 0
While start < str.Length AndAlso at > -1
at = str.IndexOf("t"c, start)
If at = -1 Then
Exit While
End If
Console.Write("{0} ", at)
start = at + 1
End While
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
End Module
'
'This example produces the following results:
'
'All occurrences of 't' from position 0 to 66.
'0----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+-
'0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456
'Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their party.
'
'The letter 't' occurs at position(s): 7 11 33 41 44 55 64
'
'
備註
索引編號從 0 開始。
startIndex 參數的範圍可以從 0 到字串執行個體的長度。 如果 startIndex 等於字串實例的長度，方法會傳回 -1。
搜尋範圍從 startIndex 到字串結尾。
這個方法會執行不區分文化特性的序數 (不區分文化特性) 搜尋，其中字元只有在 Unicode 純量值相同時，才會被視為相當於另一個字元。 若要執行區分文化特性的搜尋，請使用 CompareInfo.IndexOf 方法，其中代表預先編譯字元的 Unicode 純量值，例如 ligature “Æ” (U+00C6) ，可能會視為相當於正確序列中任何出現的字元元件，例如 “AE” (U+0041、U+0045) ，視文化特性而定。
另請參閱
適用於
IndexOf(String)
回報這個執行個體中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。
public:
int IndexOf(System::String ^ value);public int IndexOf (string value);member this.IndexOf : string -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As String) As Integer參數
- value
- String
要搜尋的字串。
傳回
如果找到該字串，則為 value 以零為起始的索引位置，如未找到，則為 -1。 如果 value 為 Empty，則傳回值是 0。
例外狀況
value 為 null。
範例
下列範例會搜尋 「animal」 中的 「n」。 因為字串索引從零開始，而不是一個，所以 IndexOf(String) 方法表示 「n」 位於位置 1。
using namespace System;
void main()
{
String^ str = "animal";
String^ toFind = "n";
int index = str->IndexOf("n");
Console::WriteLine("Found '{0}' in '{1}' at position {2}",
toFind, str, index);
}
// The example displays the following output:
// Found 'n' in 'animal' at position 1
String str = "animal";
String toFind = "n";
int index = str.IndexOf("n");
Console.WriteLine("Found '{0}' in '{1}' at position {2}",
toFind, str, index);
// The example displays the following output:
// Found 'n' in 'animal' at position 1
open System
let str = "animal"
let toFind = "n"
let index = str.IndexOf "n"
printfn $"Found '{toFind}' in '{str}' at position {index}"
// The example displays the following output:
// Found 'n' in 'animal' at position 1
Public Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim str As String = "animal"
Dim toFind As String = "n"
Dim index As Integer = str.IndexOf("n")
Console.WriteLine("Found '{0}' in '{1}' at position {2}",
toFind, str, index)
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' Found 'n' in 'animal' at position 1
下列範例會 IndexOf 使用 方法來判斷動物名稱在句子中的開始位置。 然後，它會使用此位置將描述動物的形容詞插入句子中。
using namespace System;
int main()
{
String^ animal1 = "fox";
String^ animal2 = "dog";
String^ strTarget = String::Format( "The {0} jumps over the {1}.", animal1, animal2 );
Console::WriteLine( "The original string is:{0}{1}{0}", Environment::NewLine, strTarget );
Console::Write( "Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the {0}: ==> ", animal1 );
String^ adj1 = Console::ReadLine();
Console::Write( "Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the {0}: ==> ", animal2 );
String^ adj2 = Console::ReadLine();
adj1 = String::Concat( adj1->Trim(), " " );
adj2 = String::Concat( adj2->Trim(), " " );
strTarget = strTarget->Insert( strTarget->IndexOf( animal1 ), adj1 );
strTarget = strTarget->Insert( strTarget->IndexOf( animal2 ), adj2 );
Console::WriteLine( " {0}The final string is: {0} {1}", Environment::NewLine, strTarget );
}
// Output from the example might appear as follows:
// The original string is:
// The fox jumps over the dog.
//
// Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the fox: ==> bold
// Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the dog: ==> lazy
//
// The final string is:
// The bold fox jumps over the lazy dog.
using System;
public class Example {
public static void Main()
{
string animal1 = "fox";
string animal2 = "dog";
string strTarget = String.Format("The {0} jumps over the {1}.",
animal1, animal2);
Console.WriteLine("The original string is:{0}{1}{0}",
Environment.NewLine, strTarget);
Console.Write("Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) " +
"to describe the {0}: ==> ", animal1);
string adj1 = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) " +
"to describe the {0}: ==> ", animal2);
string adj2 = Console.ReadLine();
adj1 = adj1.Trim() + " ";
adj2 = adj2.Trim() + " ";
strTarget = strTarget.Insert(strTarget.IndexOf(animal1), adj1);
strTarget = strTarget.Insert(strTarget.IndexOf(animal2), adj2);
Console.WriteLine("{0}The final string is:{0}{1}",
Environment.NewLine, strTarget);
}
}
// Output from the example might appear as follows:
// The original string is:
// The fox jumps over the dog.
//
// Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the fox: ==> bold
// Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the dog: ==> lazy
//
// The final string is:
// The bold fox jumps over the lazy dog.
open System
let animal1 = "fox"
let animal2 = "dog"
let strTarget = String.Format("The {0} jumps over the {1}.", animal1, animal2)
do
printfn $"The original string is:{Environment.NewLine}{strTarget}{Environment.NewLine}"
printf $"Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the {animal1}: => "
let adj1 = stdin.ReadLine()
printf $"Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the {animal2}: => "
let adj2 = stdin.ReadLine()
let adj1 = adj1.Trim() + " "
let adj2 = adj2.Trim() + " "
let strTarget = strTarget.Insert(strTarget.IndexOf animal1, adj1)
let strTarget = strTarget.Insert(strTarget.IndexOf animal2, adj2)
printfn $"{Environment.NewLine}The final string is:{strTarget}{Environment.NewLine}"
// Output from the example might appear as follows:
// The original string is:
// The fox jumps over the dog.
//
// Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the fox: => bold
// Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the dog: => lazy
//
// The final string is:
// The bold fox jumps over the lazy dog.
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim animal1 As String = "fox"
Dim animal2 As String = "dog"
Dim strTarget As String = String.Format("The {0} jumps over the {1}.",
animal1, animal2)
Console.WriteLine("The original string is: {0}{1}{0}",
Environment.NewLine, strTarget)
Console.Write("Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) " +
"to describe the {0}: ==> ", animal1)
Dim adj1 As String = Console.ReadLine()
Console.Write("Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) " +
"to describe the {0}: ==> ", animal2)
Dim adj2 As String = Console.ReadLine()
adj1 = adj1.Trim() + " "
adj2 = adj2.Trim() + " "
strTarget = strTarget.Insert(strTarget.IndexOf(animal1), adj1)
strTarget = strTarget.Insert(strTarget.IndexOf(animal2), adj2)
Console.WriteLine("{0}The final string is:{0}{1}",
Environment.NewLine, strTarget)
End Sub
End Class
' Output from the example might appear as follows:
' The original string is:
' The fox jumps over the dog.
'
' Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the fox: ==> bold
' Enter an adjective (or group of adjectives) to describe the dog: ==> lazy
'
' The final string is:
' The bold fox jumps over the lazy dog.
備註
索引編號從零開始。
這個方法會使用目前文化特性來執行單字 (區分大小寫和區分文化特性) 搜尋。 搜尋會從這個實例的第一個字元位置開始，並繼續直到最後一個字元位置為止。
字元集包含可忽略的字元，這些字元在執行語言或區分文化特性的比較時不列入考慮。 執行區分文化特性的搜尋時，如果 value 包含可忽略的字元，則結果等於在已移除該字元的情況下搜尋。 如果 value 只包含一或多個可忽略的字元， IndexOf(String) 則方法一律會傳回 0 (零) ，表示在目前實例的開頭找到相符專案。 在下列範例中 IndexOf(String) ，方法是用來尋找三個子字串， (一個軟連字元 (U+00AD) 、後面接著 “n” 的軟連字元，以及兩個字符串中的 “m”) 。 只有其中一個字串包含選擇性連字號。 如果範例是在 .NET Framework 4 或更新版本上執行，則在每個案例中，因為虛連字元是可忽略的字元，結果會與未包含在 value中的虛連字元相同。 僅搜尋虛連字元時，方法會傳回 0 (零) ，表示它在字串開頭找到相符專案。
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
string s1 = "ani\u00ADmal";
string s2 = "animal";
// Find the index of the soft hyphen.
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00AD"));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00AD"));
// Find the index of the soft hyphen followed by "n".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00ADn"));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00ADn"));
// Find the index of the soft hyphen followed by "m".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf("\u00ADm"));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf("\u00ADm"));
// The example displays the following output
// if run under the .NET Framework 4 or later:
// 0
// 0
// 1
// 1
// 4
// 3
}
}
let s1 = "ani\u00ADmal"
let s2 = "animal"
// Find the index of the soft hyphen.
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf "\u00AD"}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf "\u00AD"}"""
// Find the index of the soft hyphen followed by "n".
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf "\u00ADn"}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf "\u00ADn"}"""
// Find the index of the soft hyphen followed by "m".
printfn $"""{s1.IndexOf "\u00ADm"}"""
printfn $"""{s2.IndexOf "\u00ADm"}"""
// The example displays the following output
// if run under the .NET Framework 4 or later:
// 0
// 0
// 1
// 1
// 4
// 3
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim softHyphen As String = ChrW(&h00AD)
Dim s1 As String = "ani" + softHyphen + "mal"
Dim s2 As String = "animal"
' Find the index of the soft hyphen.
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen))
' Find the index of the soft hyphen followed by "n".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen + "n"))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen + "n"))
' Find the index of the soft hyphen followed by "m".
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(softHyphen + "m"))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(softHyphen + "m"))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output
' if run under the .NET Framework 4 or later:
' 0
' 0
' 1
' 1
' 4
' 3
給呼叫者的注意事項
如 使用字串的最佳做法中所述，建議您避免呼叫取代預設值的字元串比較方法，而是呼叫需要明確指定參數的方法。 若要使用目前文化特性的比較規則，在字串實例內尋找子字串的第一個索引，請使用 其 comparisonType 參數的值CurrentCulture呼叫 方法多載，以明確IndexOf(String, StringComparison)表示您的意圖。 如果您不需要語言感知比較，請考慮使用 Ordinal。
另請參閱
適用於
IndexOf(Char)
報告這個字串中指定之 Unicode 字元第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。
public:
int IndexOf(char value);public int IndexOf (char value);member this.IndexOf : char -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As Char) As Integer參數
- value
- Char
要搜尋的 Unicode 字元。
傳回
如果找到該字元，則為 value 以零為起始的索引位置，如果找不到為 -1。
範例
下列範例示範如何使用 方法來搜尋 String 字元 IndexOf 。
using namespace System;
void main()
{
// Create a Unicode String with 5 Greek Alpha characters.
String^ szGreekAlpha = gcnew String(L'\x0391',5);
// Create a Unicode String with a 3 Greek Omega characters.
String^ szGreekOmega = L"\x03A9\x03A9\x03A9";
String^ szGreekLetters = String::Concat(szGreekOmega, szGreekAlpha,
szGreekOmega->Clone());
// Display the entire string.
Console::WriteLine(szGreekLetters);
// The first index of Alpha.
int ialpha = szGreekLetters->IndexOf( L'\x0391');
// The first index of Omega.
int iomega = szGreekLetters->IndexOf(L'\x03A9');
Console::WriteLine("First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index {0}",
ialpha);
Console::WriteLine("First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index {0}",
iomega);
}
// The example displays the following output:
// The string: OOO?????OOO
// First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index 3
// First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index 0
// Create a Unicode string with 5 Greek Alpha characters.
String szGreekAlpha = new String('\u0391',5);
// Create a Unicode string with 3 Greek Omega characters.
String szGreekOmega = "\u03A9\u03A9\u03A9";
String szGreekLetters = String.Concat(szGreekOmega, szGreekAlpha,
szGreekOmega.Clone());
// Display the entire string.
Console.WriteLine("The string: {0}", szGreekLetters);
// The first index of Alpha.
int ialpha = szGreekLetters.IndexOf('\u0391');
// The first index of Omega.
int iomega = szGreekLetters.IndexOf('\u03A9');
Console.WriteLine("First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index {0}",
ialpha);
Console.WriteLine("First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index {0}",
iomega);
// The example displays the following output:
// The string: ΩΩΩΑΑΑΑΑΩΩΩ
// First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index 3
// First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index 0
open System
// Create a Unicode string with 5 Greek Alpha characters.
let szGreekAlpha = String('\u0391',5)
// Create a Unicode string with 3 Greek Omega characters.
let szGreekOmega = "\u03A9\u03A9\u03A9"
let szGreekLetters = String.Concat(szGreekOmega, szGreekAlpha, szGreekOmega.Clone())
// Display the entire string.
printfn $"The string: {szGreekLetters}"
// The first index of Alpha.
let ialpha = szGreekLetters.IndexOf '\u0391'
// The first index of Omega.
let iomega = szGreekLetters.IndexOf '\u03A9'
printfn "First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index {ialpha}"
printfn "First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index {iomega}"
// The example displays the following output:
// The string: ΩΩΩΑΑΑΑΑΩΩΩ
// First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index 3
// First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index 0
Public Module Example
Public Sub Main()
' Create a Unicode string with 5 Greek Alpha characters.
Dim szGreekAlpha As New String(ChrW(&H0391), 5)
' Create a Unicode string with 3 Greek Omega characters.
Dim szGreekOmega As String = ChrW(&H03A9) + ChrW(&H03A9)+
ChrW(&H03A9)
Dim szGreekLetters As String = String.Concat(szGreekOmega, szGreekAlpha, _
szGreekOmega.Clone())
' Display the entire string.
Console.WriteLine(szGreekLetters)
' The first index of Alpha.
Dim iAlpha As Integer = szGreekLetters.IndexOf(ChrW(&H0391))
' The first index of Omega.
Dim iomega As Integer = szGreekLetters.IndexOf(ChrW(&H03A9))
Console.WriteLine("First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index {0}",
ialpha)
Console.WriteLine("First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index {0}",
iomega)
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' The string: OOO?????OOO
' First occurrence of the Greek letter Alpha: Index 3
' First occurrence of the Greek letter Omega: Index 0
備註
索引編號從零開始。
這個方法會執行不區分文化特性的序數 () 搜尋，其中字元只有在 Unicode 純量值相同時，才會被視為相當於另一個字元。 若要執行區分文化特性的搜尋，請使用 CompareInfo.IndexOf 方法，其中 Unicode 純量值代表先行編譯的字元，例如 ligature “Æ” (U+00C6) ，可能會根據文化特性，將視為與正確序列中任何字元元件相等，例如 “AE” (U+0041、U+0045) 。
另請參閱
適用於
IndexOf(String, Int32)
回報這個執行個體中指定之字串第一次出現時的所在索引 (以零為起始)。 搜尋從指定的字元位置開始。
public:
int IndexOf(System::String ^ value, int startIndex);public int IndexOf (string value, int startIndex);member this.IndexOf : string * int -> intPublic Function IndexOf (value As String, startIndex As Integer) As Integer參數
- value
- String
要搜尋的字串。
- startIndex
- Int32
搜尋開始位置。
傳回
如果找到該字串，則為從目前執行個體起始處之 value 的以零為起始索引位置；如果找不到，則為 -1。 如果 value 為 Empty，則傳回值是 startIndex。
例外狀況
value 為 null。
startIndex 小於 0 (零) 或大於這個字串的長度。
範例
下列範例會搜尋目標字串內所有出現的指定字串。
using namespace System;
int main()
{
String^ strSource = "This is the string which we will perform the search on";
Console::WriteLine( "The search string is: {0}\"{1}\" {0}", Environment::NewLine, strSource );
String^ strTarget = "";
int found = 0;
int totFinds = 0;
do
{
Console::Write( "Please enter a search value to look for in the above string (hit Enter to exit) ==> " );
strTarget = Console::ReadLine();
if ( !strTarget->Equals( "" ) )
{
for ( int i = 0; i < strSource->Length; i++ )
{
found = strSource->IndexOf( strTarget, i );
if (found >= 0)
{
totFinds++;
i = found;
}
else
break;
}
}
else
return 0;
Console::WriteLine( "{0}The search parameter '{1}' was found {2} times. {0}", Environment::NewLine, strTarget, totFinds );
totFinds = 0;
}
while ( true );
}
using System;
public class IndexOfTest {
public static void Main() {
string strSource = "This is the string which we will perform the search on";
Console.WriteLine("The search string is:{0}\"{1}\"{0}", Environment.NewLine, strSource);
string strTarget = "";
int found = 0;
int totFinds = 0;
do {
Console.Write("Please enter a search value to look for in the above string (hit Enter to exit) ==> ");
strTarget = Console.ReadLine();
if (strTarget != "") {
for (int i = 0; i < strSource.Length; i++) {
found = strSource.IndexOf(strTarget, i);
if (found >= 0) {
totFinds++;
i = found;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
else
{
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("{0}The search parameter '{1}' was found {2} times.{0}",
Environment.NewLine, strTarget, totFinds);
totFinds = 0;
} while ( true );
}
}
open System
let strSource = "This is the string which we will perform the search on"
printfn $"The search string is:{Environment.NewLine}\"{strSource}\"{Environment.NewLine}"
let mutable broken = false
while not broken do
let mutable totFinds = 0
printf "Please enter a search value to look for in the above string (hit Enter to exit) => "
let strTarget = stdin.ReadLine()
if strTarget <> "" then
let mutable i = 0
let mutable broken = false
while not broken && i <= strSource.Length - 1 do
let found = strSource.IndexOf(strTarget, i)
if found >= 0 then
totFinds <- totFinds + 1
i <- found
else
broken <- true
i <- i + 1
else
broken <- true
printfn $"{Environment.NewLine}The search parameter '{strTarget}' was found {totFinds} times.{Environment.NewLine}"
Public Class IndexOfTest
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim strSource As String = "This is the string which we will perform the search on"
Console.WriteLine("The search string is:{0}{1}{0}", Environment.NewLine, strSource)
Dim strTarget As String = ""
Dim found As Integer = 0
Dim totFinds As Integer = 0
Do
Console.Write("Please enter a search value to look for in the above string (hit Enter to exit) ==> ")
strTarget = Console.ReadLine()
If strTarget <> "" Then
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To strSource.Length - 1
found = strSource.IndexOf(strTarget, i)
If found >= 0 Then
totFinds += 1
i = found
Else
Exit For
End If
Next i
Else
Return
End If
Console.WriteLine("{0}The search parameter '{1}' was found {2} times.{0}", Environment.NewLine, strTarget, totFinds)
totFinds = 0
Loop While True
End Sub
End Class
備註
索引編號從 0 開始。
startIndex 參數的範圍可以從 0 到字串執行個體的長度。 如果 startIndex 等於字串實例的長度，方法會傳回 -1。
這個方法會使用目前文化特性來執行單字 (區分大小寫且區分文化特性) 搜尋。 搜尋會 startIndex 從這個實例的字元位置開始，並繼續直到最後一個字元位置為止。
字元集包含可忽略的字元，這些字元在執行語言或區分文化特性的比較時不列入考慮。 執行區分文化特性的搜尋時，如果 value 包含可忽略的字元，則結果等於在已移除該字元的情況下搜尋。 如果 value 只包含一或多個可忽略的字元，方法 IndexOf(String, Int32) 一律會傳 startIndex回 ，這是搜尋開始的字元位置。 在下列範例中 IndexOf(String, Int32) ，方法用來尋找兩個字串中後面接著 「m」 的軟連字元位置 (U+00AD) 。 只有其中一個字串包含必要的子字串。 如果範例在 .NET Framework 4 或更新版本上執行，在這兩種情況下，因為軟連字元是可忽略的字元，此方法會在字串中傳回 “m” 的索引。 請注意，就第一個字串的情況，這個字串是選擇性連字號後面接著 "m"，結果方法不是傳回選擇性連字號的索引，而是傳回 "m" 的索引。
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
string searchString = "\u00ADm";
string s1 = "ani\u00ADmal" ;
string s2 = "animal";
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2));
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2));
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
}
}
let searchString = "\u00ADm"
let s1 = "ani\u00ADmal"
let s2 = "animal"
printfn $"{s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2)}"
printfn $"{s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2)}"
// The example displays the following output:
// 4
// 3
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim searchString As String = Chrw(&h00AD) + "m"
Dim s1 As String = "ani" + ChrW(&h00AD) + "mal"
Dim s2 As String = "animal"
Console.WriteLine(s1.IndexOf(searchString, 2))
Console.WriteLine(s2.IndexOf(searchString, 2))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' 4
' 3
給呼叫者的注意事項
如 使用字串的最佳做法中所述，建議您避免呼叫替代預設值的字串比較方法，並改為呼叫需要明確指定參數的方法。 若要使用目前文化特性的比較規則，尋找子字串的第一個索引，請使用目前文化特性的比較規則，以針對其 comparisonType 參數的值CurrentCulture呼叫 IndexOf(String, Int32, StringComparison) 方法多載，以明確表示您的意圖。 如果您不需要語言感知比較，請考慮使用 Ordinal。
