Task.FromException 方法

定義

命名空間:

System.Threading.Tasks

組件:

System.Runtime.dll

多載

FromException(Exception)	建立以指定例外狀況完成的 Task。
FromException<TResult>(Exception)	建立以指定例外狀況完成的 Task<TResult>。

FromException(Exception)

來源:

Task.cs

建立以指定例外狀況完成的 Task。

public:
 static System::Threading::Tasks::Task ^ FromException(Exception ^ exception);

public static System.Threading.Tasks.Task FromException (Exception exception);

static member FromException : Exception -> System.Threading.Tasks.Task

Public Shared Function FromException (exception As Exception) As Task

參數

exception

Exception

要在其中完成工作的例外狀況。

傳回

Task

發生錯誤的工作。

備註

這個方法會 Task 建立 物件，其 Status 屬性為 Faulted ，且其 Exception 屬性包含 exception 。 當您立即知道工作執行的工作在執行較長的程式碼路徑之前會擲回例外狀況時，通常會使用 方法。 如需範例，請參閱 FromException<TResult>(Exception) 多載。

FromException<TResult>(Exception)

來源:

Task.cs

建立以指定例外狀況完成的 Task<TResult>。

public:
generic <typename TResult>
 static System::Threading::Tasks::Task<TResult> ^ FromException(Exception ^ exception);

public static System.Threading.Tasks.Task<TResult> FromException<TResult> (Exception exception);

static member FromException : Exception -> System.Threading.Tasks.Task<'Result>

Public Shared Function FromException(Of TResult) (exception As Exception) As Task(Of TResult)

類型參數

TResult

工作傳回的結果的類型。

參數

exception

Exception

要在其中完成工作的例外狀況。

傳回

Task<TResult>

發生錯誤的工作。

範例

下列範例是命令列公用程式，會計算每個目錄中名稱傳遞為命令列引數之檔案中的位元組數目。 此範例只會呼叫 FromException<TResult>(Exception) 方法，以在特定子目錄不存在時建立錯誤的工作，而不是執行具現 FileInfo 化 物件的較長程式碼路徑，並擷取其 FileInfo.Length 屬性的值。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string[] args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
      if (args.Length > 1) {
         List<Task<long>> tasks = new List<Task<long>>();
         for (int ctr = 1; ctr < args.Length; ctr++)
            tasks.Add(GetFileLengthsAsync(args[ctr]));

         try {
            Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray());
         }
         // Ignore exceptions here.
         catch (AggregateException) {}

         for (int ctr = 0 ; ctr < tasks.Count; ctr++) {
            if (tasks[ctr].Status == TaskStatus.Faulted)
               Console.WriteLine("{0} does not exist", args[ctr + 1]);
            else
               Console.WriteLine("{0:N0} bytes in files in '{1}'",
                                 tasks[ctr].Result, args[ctr + 1]);
         }
      }
      else {
         Console.WriteLine("Syntax error: Include one or more file paths.");
      }
   }

   private static Task<long> GetFileLengthsAsync(string filePath)
   {
      if (! Directory.Exists(filePath)) {
         return Task.FromException<long>(
                     new DirectoryNotFoundException("Invalid directory name."));
      }
      else {
         string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(filePath);
         if (files.Length == 0)
            return Task.FromResult(0L);
         else
            return Task.Run( () => { long total = 0;
                                     Parallel.ForEach(files, (fileName) => {
                                                 var fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open,
                                                                         FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite,
                                                                         256, true);
                                                 long length = fs.Length;
                                                 Interlocked.Add(ref total, length);
                                                 fs.Close(); } );
                                     return total;
                                   } );
      }
   }
}
// When launched with the following command line arguments:
//      subdir . newsubdir
// the example displays output like the following:
//       0 bytes in files in 'subdir'
//       2,059 bytes in files in '.'
//       newsubdir does not exist

open System
open System.IO
open System.Threading
open System.Threading.Tasks

let getFileLengthsAsync filePath =
    if Directory.Exists filePath |> not then
        DirectoryNotFoundException "Invalid directory name."
        |> Task.FromException<int64>

    else
        let files = Directory.GetFiles filePath

        if files.Length = 0 then
            Task.FromResult 0L
        else
            Task.Run(fun () ->
                let mutable total = 0L

                Parallel.ForEach(
                    files,
                    fun fileName ->
                        use fs =
                            new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite, 256, true)

                        Interlocked.Add(ref total, fs.Length) |> ignore
                )
                |> ignore

                total)

let args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[1..]

if args.Length > 0 then
    let tasks = Array.map getFileLengthsAsync args

    try
        Seq.cast tasks |> Seq.toArray |> Task.WaitAll

    // Ignore exceptions here.
    with :? AggregateException ->
        ()

    for i = 0 to tasks.Length - 1 do
        if tasks[i].Status = TaskStatus.Faulted then
            printfn $"{args[i + 1]} does not exist"
        else
            printfn $"{tasks[i].Result:N0} bytes in files in '{args[i + 1]}'"
else
    printfn "Syntax error: Include one or more file paths."

// When launched with the following command line arguments:
//      subdir . newsubdir
// the example displays output like the following:
//       0 bytes in files in 'subdir'
//       2,059 bytes in files in '.'
//       newsubdir does not exist

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Threading.Tasks

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim args() As String = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
      If args.Length > 1 Then
         Dim tasks As New List(Of Task(Of Long))
         For ctr = 1 To args.Length - 1
            tasks.Add(GetFileLengthsAsync(args(ctr)))
         Next
         Try
            Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray())
         ' Ignore exceptions here.
         Catch e As AggregateException
         End Try

         For ctr As Integer = 0 To tasks.Count - 1
            If tasks(ctr).Status = TaskStatus.Faulted Then
               Console.WriteLine("{0} does not exist", args(ctr + 1))
            Else
               Console.WriteLine("{0:N0} bytes in files in '{1}'",
                                 tasks(ctr).Result, args(ctr + 1))
            End If
         Next
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("Syntax error: Include one or more file paths.")
      End If
   End Sub
   
   Private Function GetFileLengthsAsync(filePath As String) As Task(Of Long)
      If Not Directory.Exists(filePath) Then
         Return Task.FromException(Of Long)(
                     New DirectoryNotFoundException("Invalid directory name."))
      Else
         Dim files As String() = Directory.GetFiles(filePath)
         If files.Length = 0 Then
            Return Task.FromResult(0L)
         Else
            Return Task.Run( Function()
                                Dim total As Long = 0
                                Dim lockObj As New Object
                                Parallel.ForEach(files, Sub(fileName)
                                                           Dim fs As New FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open,
                                                                     FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite,
                                                                     256, True)
                                                           Dim length As Long = fs.Length
                                                           Interlocked.Add(total, length)
                                                           fs.Close()
                                                        End Sub)
                                Return total
                             End Function )
         End If
      End If
   End Function
End Module
' When launched with the following command line arguments:
'      subdir . newsubdir
' the example displays output like the following:
'       0 bytes in files in 'subdir'
'       2,059 bytes in files in '.'
'       newsubdir does not exist

備註

這個方法會 Task<TResult> 建立 物件，其 Status 屬性為 Faulted ，且其 Exception 屬性包含 exception 。 當您立即知道工作執行的工作在執行較長的程式碼路徑之前會擲回例外狀況時，通常會使用 方法。 這個範例將提供說明。