Type.GetProperties 方法

定義

命名空間:

System

組件:

System.Runtime.dll

取得目前 Type 的屬性。

多載

GetProperties()	傳回目前 Type 的所有公用屬性。
GetProperties(BindingFlags)	在衍生類別中覆寫時，使用指定的繫結條件約束，搜尋目前 Type 的屬性。

GetProperties()

來源:

Type.cs

傳回目前 Type 的所有公用屬性。

public:
 cli::array <System::Reflection::PropertyInfo ^> ^ GetProperties();

public System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[] GetProperties ();

member this.GetProperties : unit -> System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[]

Public Function GetProperties () As PropertyInfo()

傳回

PropertyInfo[]

PropertyInfo 物件的陣列，代表目前 Type 的所有公用屬性。

-或-

類型 PropertyInfo 的空陣列，如果目前 Type 並沒有公用屬性。

範例

下列範例示範 GetProperties 方法的用法。

array<PropertyInfo^>^myPropertyInfo;

// Get the properties of 'Type' class object.
myPropertyInfo = Type::GetType( "System.Type" )->GetProperties();
Console::WriteLine( "Properties of System.Type are:" );
for ( int i = 0; i < myPropertyInfo->Length; i++ )
{
   Console::WriteLine( myPropertyInfo[ i ] );

}

PropertyInfo[] myPropertyInfo;
// Get the properties of 'Type' class object.
myPropertyInfo = Type.GetType("System.Type").GetProperties();
Console.WriteLine("Properties of System.Type are:");
for (int i = 0; i < myPropertyInfo.Length; i++)
{
    Console.WriteLine(myPropertyInfo[i].ToString());
}

// Get the properties of 'Type' class object.
let myPropertyInfo = Type.GetType("System.Type").GetProperties()
printfn "Properties of System.Type are:"
for pi in myPropertyInfo do
    printfn $"{pi}"

Dim myPropertyInfo() As PropertyInfo
' Get the properties of 'Type' class object.
myPropertyInfo = Type.GetType("System.Type").GetProperties()
Console.WriteLine("Properties of System.Type are:")
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To myPropertyInfo.Length - 1
   Console.WriteLine(myPropertyInfo(i).ToString())
Next i

備註

呼叫此多載相當於在 C# 和 BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.Public Visual Basic 中呼叫GetProperties(BindingFlags)自變數等於 BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public 的多載bindingAttr。 它會傳回所有公用實例和靜態屬性，這些屬性都是由目前 Type 物件所代表的類型所定義，以及繼承自其基底類型的類型。

如果屬性至少有一個存取子是公用的，則屬性會被視為公用。 否則，屬性會被視為私用屬性，而且您必須在Visual Basic中使用 BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Static (，請使用 Or) 來合併值來取得它。

在 .NET 6 和舊版中 GetProperties ，方法不會以特定順序傳回屬性，例如字母順序或宣告順序。 您的程式代碼不得依存於傳回屬性的順序，因為該順序會有所不同。 不過，從 .NET 7 開始，排序會根據元件中的元數據排序來確定。

下表顯示反映類型時，方法會傳 Get 回基類的成員。

成員類型	Static	非靜態
建構函式	否	否
欄位	否	可以。 欄位一律會依名稱與簽章隱藏。
事件	不適用	常見的類型系統規則是繼承與實作 屬性的方法相同。 反映會將屬性視為依名稱與簽章隱藏。 請參閱下面的附註 2。
方法	否	可以。 (虛擬和非虛擬) 的方法可以是依名稱隱藏或依名稱隱藏和簽章。
巢狀類型	否	否
屬性	不適用	常見的類型系統規則是繼承與實作 屬性的方法相同。 反映會將屬性視為依名稱與簽章隱藏。 請參閱下面的附註 2。

1. 隱藏名稱與簽章會考慮簽章的所有部分，包括自定義修飾詞、傳回型別、參數類型、sentinels 和 Unmanaged 呼叫慣例。 這是二進位比較。

2. 對於反映，屬性和事件會依名稱與簽章隱藏。 如果您的屬性同時具有基類中的 get 和 set 存取子，但衍生類別只有 get 存取子，則衍生類別屬性會隱藏基類屬性，而且您將無法存取基類上的 setter。

3. 自訂屬性不是通用類型系統的一部分。

如果目前 Type 代表建構的泛型型別，這個方法會傳回 PropertyInfo 物件，其類型參數會由適當的型別自變數取代。

如果目前的 Type 代表泛型型別或泛型方法定義中的型別參數，這個方法會搜尋類別條件約束的屬性。

另請參閱

• PropertyInfo
• GetProperty(String, BindingFlags, Binder, Type, Type[], ParameterModifier[])

GetProperties(BindingFlags)

來源:

Type.cs

在衍生類別中覆寫時，使用指定的繫結條件約束，搜尋目前 Type 的屬性。

public:
 abstract cli::array <System::Reflection::PropertyInfo ^> ^ GetProperties(System::Reflection::BindingFlags bindingAttr);

public abstract System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[] GetProperties (System.Reflection.BindingFlags bindingAttr);

abstract member GetProperties : System.Reflection.BindingFlags -> System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[]

Public MustOverride Function GetProperties (bindingAttr As BindingFlags) As PropertyInfo()

參數

bindingAttr

BindingFlags

列舉值的位元組合，用來指定搜尋的執行方式。

-或-

要傳回空陣列的 Default。

傳回

PropertyInfo[]

物件的陣列，代表目前 Type 中符合指定繫結條件約束的所有屬性。

-或-

如果目前 PropertyInfo 沒有屬性，或沒有屬性符合繫結條件約束，則為 Type 類型的空陣列。

實作

GetProperties(BindingFlags)

範例

下列範例會定義名為 PropertyClass 的類別，其中包含六個屬性：兩個是 public、一個是私用、一個是受保護、一個是 Visual Basic) 中的內部 (Friend ，另一個是 Visual Basic) 中的內部 (Protected Friend 。 然後，它會在屬性名稱和類型 (顯示一些基本屬性資訊，無論是讀取/寫入，以及其 get 和 set 存取子的可見性) 符合指定系結條件約束的屬性。

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;

// Create a class having three properties.
public ref class PropertyClass
{

public:
   property String^ Property1
   {
      String^ get()
      {
         return "hello";
      }
   }

   property String^ Property2 
   {
      String^ get()
      {
         return "hello";
      }
   }

protected:
   property String^ Property3
   {
      String^ get()
      {
         return "hello";
      }
   }

private:
   property int Property4
   {
      int get()
      {
         return 32;
      }
   }

internal:
   property String^ Property5
   {
      String^ get()
      {
         return "value";
      }
   }
   
public protected:
   property String^ Property6
   {
      String^ get()
      {
         return "value";
      }
   }
};

String^ GetVisibility(MethodInfo^ accessor)
{
    if (accessor->IsPublic)
       return "Public";
    else if (accessor->IsPrivate)
       return "Private";
    else if (accessor->IsFamily)
       return "Protected";
    else if (accessor->IsAssembly)
       return "Internal/Friend";
    else
       return "Protected Internal/Friend";
}

void DisplayPropertyInfo(array<PropertyInfo^>^ propInfos )
{
   // Display information for all properties.
   for each(PropertyInfo^ propInfo in propInfos) {
      bool readable = propInfo->CanRead;
      bool writable = propInfo->CanWrite;
      
      Console::WriteLine("   Property name: {0}", propInfo->Name);
      Console::WriteLine("   Property type: {0}", propInfo->PropertyType);
      Console::WriteLine("   Read-Write:    {0}", readable && writable);
      if (readable) {
         MethodInfo^ getAccessor = propInfo->GetMethod;
         Console::WriteLine("   Visibility:    {0}",
                           GetVisibility(getAccessor));
      }
      if (writable) {
         MethodInfo^ setAccessor = propInfo->SetMethod;
         Console::WriteLine("   Visibility:    {0}",
                            GetVisibility(setAccessor));
      }
      Console::WriteLine();
   }
}

void main()
{
   Type^ myType = PropertyClass::typeid;
   
   // Get the public properties.
   array<PropertyInfo^>^propInfos = myType->GetProperties( static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::Instance) );
   Console::WriteLine("The number of public properties: {0}.\n",
                      propInfos->Length);
   // Display the public properties.
   DisplayPropertyInfo( propInfos );
   
   // Get the non-public properties.
   array<PropertyInfo^>^propInfos1 = myType->GetProperties( static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Instance) );
   Console::WriteLine("The number of non-public properties: {0}.\n",
                      propInfos1->Length);
   // Display all the non-public properties.
   DisplayPropertyInfo(propInfos1);
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       The number of public properties: 2.
//
//          Property name: Property2
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Public
//
//          Property name: Property1
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Public
//
//       The number of non-public properties: 4.
//
//          Property name: Property6
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Protected Internal/Friend
//
//          Property name: Property5
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Internal/Friend
//
//          Property name: Property4
//          Property type: System.Int32
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Private
//
//          Property name: Property3
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Protected

using System;
using System.Reflection;

// Create a class having six properties.
public class PropertyClass
{
    public String Property1
    {
        get { return "hello"; }
    }

    public String Property2
    {
        get { return "hello"; }
    }

    protected String Property3
    {
        get { return "hello"; }
    }

    private Int32 Property4
    {
        get { return 32; }
    }

    internal String Property5
    {
       get { return "value"; }
    }

    protected internal String Property6
    {
       get { return "value"; }
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Type t = typeof(PropertyClass);
        // Get the public properties.
        PropertyInfo[] propInfos = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public|BindingFlags.Instance);
        Console.WriteLine("The number of public properties: {0}.\n",
                          propInfos.Length);
        // Display the public properties.
        DisplayPropertyInfo(propInfos);

        // Get the nonpublic properties.
        PropertyInfo[] propInfos1 = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.NonPublic|BindingFlags.Instance);
        Console.WriteLine("The number of non-public properties: {0}.\n",
                          propInfos1.Length);
        // Display all the nonpublic properties.
        DisplayPropertyInfo(propInfos1);
    }

    public static void DisplayPropertyInfo(PropertyInfo[] propInfos)
    {
        // Display information for all properties.
        foreach (var propInfo in propInfos) {
            bool readable = propInfo.CanRead;
            bool writable = propInfo.CanWrite;

            Console.WriteLine("   Property name: {0}", propInfo.Name);
            Console.WriteLine("   Property type: {0}", propInfo.PropertyType);
            Console.WriteLine("   Read-Write:    {0}", readable & writable);
            if (readable) {
               MethodInfo getAccessor = propInfo.GetMethod;
               Console.WriteLine("   Visibility:    {0}",
                                 GetVisibility(getAccessor));
            }
            if (writable) {
               MethodInfo setAccessor = propInfo.SetMethod;
               Console.WriteLine("   Visibility:    {0}",
                                 GetVisibility(setAccessor));
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
    }

    public static String GetVisibility(MethodInfo accessor)
    {
       if (accessor.IsPublic)
          return "Public";
       else if (accessor.IsPrivate)
          return "Private";
       else if (accessor.IsFamily)
          return "Protected";
       else if (accessor.IsAssembly)
          return "Internal/Friend";
       else
          return "Protected Internal/Friend";
    }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       The number of public properties: 2.
//
//          Property name: Property1
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Public
//
//          Property name: Property2
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Public
//
//       The number of non-public properties: 4.
//
//          Property name: Property3
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Protected
//
//          Property name: Property4
//          Property type: System.Int32
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Private
//
//          Property name: Property5
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Internal/Friend
//
//          Property name: Property6
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Protected Internal/Friend

open System.Reflection

// Create a class having four properties.
type PropertyClass() =
    member _.Property1 = 
        "hello"

    member _.Property2 = 
        "hello"

    member private _.Property3 = 
        32

    member internal _.Property4 =
       "value"

let getVisibility (accessor: MethodInfo) =
    if accessor.IsPublic then
        "Public"
    elif accessor.IsPrivate then
        "Private"
    elif accessor.IsFamily then
        "Protected"
    elif accessor.IsAssembly then
        "Internal/Friend"
    else
        "Protected Internal/Friend"

let displayPropertyInfo (propInfos: #seq<PropertyInfo>) = 
    // Display information for all properties.
    for propInfo in propInfos do
        let readable = propInfo.CanRead
        let writable = propInfo.CanWrite

        printfn $"   Property name: {propInfo.Name}"
        printfn $"   Property type: {propInfo.PropertyType}"
        printfn $"   Read-Write:    {readable && writable}"
        if readable then
            let getAccessor = propInfo.GetMethod
            printfn $"   Visibility:    {getVisibility getAccessor}"
        if writable then
            let setAccessor = propInfo.SetMethod
            printfn $"   Visibility:    {getVisibility setAccessor}"
        printfn ""

let t = typeof<PropertyClass>
// Get the public properties.
let propInfos = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public ||| BindingFlags.Instance)
printfn $"The number of public properties: {propInfos.Length}.\n"
// Display the public properties.
displayPropertyInfo propInfos

// Get the nonpublic properties.
let propInfos1 = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.NonPublic ||| BindingFlags.Instance)
printfn $"The number of non-public properties: {propInfos1.Length}.\n"
// Display all the nonpublic properties.
displayPropertyInfo propInfos1

// The example displays the following output:
//       The number of public properties: 2.
//
//          Property name: Property1
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Public
//
//          Property name: Property2
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Public
//
//       The number of non-public properties: 2.
//
//          Property name: Property3
//          Property type: System.Int32
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Private
//
//          Property name: Property4
//          Property type: System.String
//          Read-Write:    False
//          Visibility:    Internal/Friend

Imports System.Reflection

' Create a class having six properties.
Public Class PropertyClass
    Public ReadOnly Property Property1() As String
        Get
            Return "hello"
        End Get
    End Property

    Public ReadOnly Property Property2() As String
        Get
            Return "hello"
        End Get
    End Property

    Protected ReadOnly Property Property3() As String
        Get
            Return "hello"
        End Get
    End Property

    Private ReadOnly Property Property4 As Integer
        Get
           Return 32
        End Get
    End Property

    Friend ReadOnly Property Property5 As String
       Get
          Return "value"
       End Get
    End Property

    Protected Friend ReadOnly Property Property6 As String
       Get
          Return "value"
       End Get
    End Property
End Class

Public Module Example
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim t As Type = GetType(PropertyClass)
        ' Get the public properties.
        Dim propInfos As PropertyInfo() = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.Instance)
        Console.WriteLine("The number of public properties: {0}",
                          propInfos.Length)
        Console.WriteLine()
        ' Display the public properties.
        DisplayPropertyInfo(propInfos)

        ' Get the non-public properties.
        Dim propInfos1 As PropertyInfo() = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Instance)
        Console.WriteLine("The number of non-public properties: {0}",
                          propInfos1.Length)
        Console.WriteLine()
        ' Display all the non-public properties.
        DisplayPropertyInfo(propInfos1)
    End Sub

    Public Sub DisplayPropertyInfo(ByVal propInfos() As PropertyInfo)
        ' Display information for all properties.
        For Each propInfo In propInfos
            Dim readable As Boolean = propInfo.CanRead
            Dim writable As Boolean = propInfo.CanWrite
            
            Console.WriteLine("   Property name: {0}", propInfo.Name)
            Console.WriteLine("   Property type: {0}", propInfo.PropertyType)
            Console.WriteLine("   Read-Write:    {0}", readable And writable)
            If readable Then
               Dim getAccessor As MethodInfo = propInfo.GetMethod
               Console.WriteLine("   Visibility:    {0}",
                                 GetVisibility(getAccessor))
            End If
            If writable Then
               Dim setAccessor As MethodInfo = propInfo.SetMethod
               Console.WriteLine("   Visibility:    {0}",
                                 GetVisibility(setAccessor))
            End If
            Console.WriteLine()
        Next
    End Sub
    
    Public Function GetVisibility(accessor As MethodInfo) As String
       If accessor.IsPublic Then
          Return "Public"
       ElseIf accessor.IsPrivate Then
          Return "Private"
       Else If accessor.IsFamily Then
          Return "Protected"
       Else If accessor.IsAssembly Then
          Return "Internal/Friend"
       Else
          Return "Protected Internal/Friend"
       End If
    End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       The number of public properties: 2
'
'          Property name: Property1
'          Property type: System.String
'          Read-Write:    False
'          Visibility:    Public
'
'          Property name: Property2
'          Property type: System.String
'          Read-Write:    False
'          Visibility:    Public
'
'       The number of non-public properties: 4
'
'          Property name: Property3
'          Property type: System.String
'          Read-Write:    False
'          Visibility:    Protected
'
'          Property name: Property4
'          Property type: System.Int32
'          Read-Write:    False
'          Visibility:    Private
'
'          Property name: Property5
'          Property type: System.String
'          Read-Write:    False
'          Visibility:    Internal/Friend
'
'          Property name: Property6
'          Property type: System.String
'          Read-Write:    False
'          Visibility:    Protected Internal/Friend

備註

GetProperties(BindingFlags)若要讓多載成功擷取屬性資訊，自bindingAttr變數必須包含至少一個 BindingFlags.Instance 和 BindingFlags.Static，以及至少一個 BindingFlags.NonPublic 和 BindingFlags.Public。

下列 BindingFlags 篩選旗標可用來定義要包含在搜尋中的屬性：

• 指定 BindingFlags.Instance 以包含實例方法。

• 指定 BindingFlags.Static 以包含靜態方法。

• 指定 BindingFlags.Public 以在搜尋中包含公用屬性。 如果屬性至少有一個存取子是公用的，則屬性會被視為公用。

• 指定 BindingFlags.NonPublic 在搜尋中包含非公用屬性 (，也就是私人、內部和受保護的屬性) 。 只會傳回基類的受保護和內部屬性;不會傳回基類上的私用屬性。

• 指定要 BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy 在階層中加入 public 和 protected 靜態成員; private 繼承類別中的靜態成員不包含在內。

• 單獨指定 BindingFlags.Default 以傳回空 PropertyInfo 陣列。

下列 BindingFlags 修飾詞旗標可用來變更搜尋的運作方式：

• BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly 只搜尋 在上 Type宣告的屬性，而不是只繼承的屬性。

如需相關資訊，請參閱 System.Reflection.BindingFlags 。

在 .NET 6 和舊版中 GetProperties ，方法不會以特定順序傳回屬性，例如字母順序或宣告順序。 您的程式代碼不得依存於傳回屬性的順序，因為該順序會有所不同。 不過，從 .NET 7 開始，排序會根據元件中的元數據排序來確定。

如果目前 Type 代表建構的泛型型別，這個方法會傳回 PropertyInfo 物件，其類型參數會由適當的型別自變數取代。

如果目前的 Type 代表泛型型別或泛型方法定義中的型別參數，這個方法會搜尋類別條件約束的屬性。

另請參閱

• PropertyInfo
• BindingFlags
• DefaultBinder
• GetProperty(String, BindingFlags, Binder, Type, Type[], ParameterModifier[])