建立提取訂閱

發行項
05/04/2023

適用於：SQL Server Azure SQL 受控執行個體

本主題說明如何使用 SQL Server Management Studio、Transact-SQL 或 Replication Management Objects (RMO)，在 SQL Server 中建立提取訂閱。

為 P2P 複寫設定提取訂閱可透過指令碼來進行，但無法透過精靈進行。

使用 SQL Server Management Studio

使用「新增訂閱精靈」在「發行者」或「訂閱者」端建立提取訂閱。依照精靈中各頁面進行：

指定發行者和發行集。
選取要執行複寫代理程式的位置。對於提取訂閱，根據發行集類型在 [散發代理程式位置] 頁面或 [合併代理程式位置] 頁面上選取 [在訂閱者端執行每一個代理程式 (提取訂閱)] 。
指定訂閱者與訂閱資料庫。
指定複寫代理程式要連接用的登入和密碼：
- 針對快照集和交易式發行集的訂閱，請於 [散發代理程式安全性] 頁面指定認證。
- 針對合併式發行集的訂閱，請於 [合併代理程式安全性] 頁面指定認證。
如需有關各代理程式需要的權限資訊，請參閱＜複寫代理程式安全性模型＞。
指定同步處理排程，以及訂閱者要初始化的時間。
指定合併式發行集的其他選項：訂閱類型；參數化篩選的值；以及如果針對 Web 同步處理啟用該發行集時，透過 HTTPS 同步處理的資訊。
為交易式發行集指定其他選項，以允許更新訂閱：訂閱者是否應立即在發行者端認可變更，或者應寫入佇列；認證用來連接訂閱者和發行者。
選擇性的編寫訂閱指令碼。

若要從發行者建立提取訂閱

連線到 Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 中的發行者，然後展開伺服器節點。
展開 [複寫] 資料夾，然後展開 [本機發行集] 資料夾。
以滑鼠右鍵按一下您要建立一個或多個訂閱的發行集，然後按一下 [新增訂閱] 。
在新增訂閱精靈中完成頁面。

若要從訂閱者建立提取訂閱

連線到 SQL Server Management Studio 中的訂閱者，然後展開伺服器節點。
展開 [複寫] 資料夾。
以滑鼠右鍵按一下 [區域訂閱] 資料夾，然後按一下 [新增訂閱] 。
在 [新增訂閱精靈] 的 [發行集] 頁面上，從 [發行者] 下拉式清單中選取 <尋找 SQL Server 發行者> 或 <尋找 Oracle 發行者>。
連接到 [連接到伺服器] 對話方塊中的發行者。
選取 [發行集] 頁面上的發行集。
在新增訂閱精靈中完成頁面。

使用 TRANSACT-SQL

您可以使用複寫預存程序以程式設計的方式建立提取訂閱。使用哪些預存程序要依訂閱所屬的發行集類型而定。

若要建立快照式或交易式發行集的提取訂閱

在發行者端，執行 sp_helppublication (Transact-SQL) 來確認發行集可支援提取訂閱。
- 如果結果集中 allow_pull 的值為 1，則發行集支援提取訂閱。
- 如果 allow_pull 的值為 0，請執行 sp_changepublication (Transact-SQL)，並將 @property 指定為 allow_pull，以及將 @value 指定為 true。
在訂閱者端，執行 sp_addpullsubscription (Transact-SQL)。指定 @publisher 和 @publication。如需有關更新訂閱的詳細資訊，請參閱＜建立交易式發行集的可更新訂閱＞。
在訂閱者端，執行 sp_addpullsubscription_agent (Transact-SQL)。指定下列項目：
- @publisher、 @publisher_db和 @publication 參數。
- 執行 [訂閱者] 上的 [散發代理程式] 時會針對 @job_login 和 @job_password 使用 Microsoft Windows 認證。
  
  注意
  
  使用「Windows 整合式驗證」建立的連接一律使用由 @job_login 和 @job_password指定的 Windows 認證。散發代理程式一律使用「Windows 整合式驗證」建立與訂閱者的本機連接。依預設，代理程式會使用「Windows 整合式驗證」連接到「散發者」。
- @distributor_security_mode 的值為 0，以及 @distributor_login 和 @distributor_password 的 SQL Server 登入資訊 (如果您在連線至散發者時需要使用 [SQL Server 驗證])。(選用)
- 此訂閱之散發代理程式作業的排程。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 Specify Synchronization Schedules。
在發行者端，執行 sp_addsubscription (Transact-SQL) 來註冊提取訂閱。指定 @publication、 @subscriber和 @destination_db。為 @subscription_type 指定 pull的值。

若要建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱

在發行者端，執行 sp_helpmergepublication (Transact-SQL) 來確認發行集可支援提取訂閱。
- 如果結果集中 allow_pull 的值為 1，則發行集支援提取訂閱。
- 如果 allow_pull 的值為 0，請執行 sp_changemergepublication (Transact-SQL)，並將 @property 指定為 allow_pull，以及將 @value 指定為 true。
在訂閱者端，執行 sp_addmergepullsubscription (Transact-SQL)。指定 @publisher、 @publisher_db、 @publication和下列參數：
- @subscriber_type：將客訂閱指定為 local，並將主訂閱指定為 global。
- @subscription_priority：指定訂閱的優先權 (0.00 到 99.99)。只需要對主訂閱執行此動作。
  
  如需詳細資訊，請參閱進階合併式複寫衝突偵測與解決。
在訂閱者端，執行 sp_addmergepullsubscription_agent (Transact-SQL)。指定下列參數：
- @publisher、 @publisher_db和 @publication。
- Windows 認證，「訂閱者」上的「合併代理程式」執行時會針對 @job_login 和 @job_password使用該認證。
  
  注意
  
  使用「Windows 整合式驗證」建立的連接一律使用由 @job_login 和 @job_password指定的 Windows 認證。「合併代理程式」一律使用「Windows 整合式驗證」建立到「訂閱者」的本機連接。依預設，代理程式會使用「Windows 整合式驗證」連接到「發行者」。
- @distributor_security_mode 的值為 0，以及 @distributor_login 和 @distributor_password 的 SQL Server 登入資訊 (如果您在連線至散發者時需要使用 [SQL Server 驗證])。(選用)
- (選用) @publisher_security_mode 的 0 值，以及 @publisher_login 和 @publisher_password 的 SQL Server 登入資訊 (如果您在連線到 [發行者] 時需要使用 [SQL Server 驗證])。
- 此訂閱之「合併代理程式」作業的排程。如需詳細資訊，請參閱建立交易式發行集的可更新訂閱。
在發行者端，執行 sp_addmergesubscription (Transact-SQL)。指定 @publication、 @subscriber、 @subscriber_db，並將 @subscription_type 的值指定為 pull。如此會註冊提取訂閱。

範例 (Transact-SQL)

下列範例會建立交易式發行集的提取訂閱。第一批次在「訂閱者」上執行，而第二批次在「發行者」上執行。登入和密碼值是在執行階段使用 sqlcmd 指令碼變數提供的。

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form  
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables    
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the   
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic  
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".  
  
-- Execute this batch at the Subscriber.  
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publisher AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publicationDB AS sysname;  
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran';  
SET @publisher = $(PubServer);  
SET @publicationDB = N'AdventureWorks';  
  
-- At the subscription database, create a pull subscription   
-- to a transactional publication.  
USE [AdventureWorksReplica]  
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB;  
  
-- Add an agent job to synchronize the pull subscription.  
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription_agent   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @distributor = @publisher,   
  @job_login = $(Login),   
  @job_password = $(Password);  
GO

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form  
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables    
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the   
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic  
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".  
  
-- Execute this batch at the Publisher.  
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;  
DECLARE @subscriber AS sysname;  
DECLARE @subscriptionDB AS sysname;  
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran';  
SET @subscriber = $(SubServer);  
SET @subscriptionDB = N'AdventureWorksReplica';  
  
-- At the Publisher, register the subscription, using the defaults.  
EXEC sp_addsubscription   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @subscriber = @subscriber,   
  @destination_db = @subscriptionDB,   
  @subscription_type = N'pull',  
  @status = N'subscribed';  
GO

下列範例會建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱。第一批次在「訂閱者」上執行，而第二批次在「發行者」上執行。登入和密碼值是在執行階段使用 sqlcmd 指令碼變數所提供。

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form  
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables    
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the   
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic  
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".  
  
-- Execute this batch at the Subscriber.  
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publisher AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publicationDB AS sysname;  
DECLARE @hostname AS sysname;  
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge';  
SET @publisher = $(PubServer);  
SET @publicationDB = N'AdventureWorks';  
SET @hostname = N'adventure-works\david8';  
  
-- At the subscription database, create a pull subscription   
-- to a merge publication.  
USE [AdventureWorksReplica]  
EXEC sp_addmergepullsubscription   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB;  
  
-- Add an agent job to synchronize the pull subscription.   
EXEC sp_addmergepullsubscription_agent   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @distributor = @publisher,   
  @job_login = $(Login),   
  @job_password = $(Password),  
  @hostname = @hostname;  
GO

-- Execute this batch at the Publisher.  
DECLARE @myMergePub  AS sysname;  
DECLARE @mySub       AS sysname;  
DECLARE @mySubDB     AS sysname;  
  
SET @myMergePub = N'AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge';  
SET @mySub = N'MYSUBSERVER';  
SET @mySubDB = N'AdventureWorksReplica';  
  
-- At the Publisher, register the subscription, using the defaults.  
USE [AdventureWorks]  
EXEC sp_addmergesubscription @publication = @myMergePub,   
@subscriber = @mySub, @subscriber_db = @mySubDB,   
@subscription_type = N'pull';  
GO

使用 Replication Management Objects (RMO)

用於建立提取訂閱的 RMO 類別依該訂閱所屬的發行集類型而定。

若要建立快照式或交易式發行集的提取訂閱

使用 ServerConnection 類別建立與訂閱者和發行者的連接。
使用步驟 1 中的發行者連接建立 TransPublication 類別的執行個體。指定 Name、 DatabaseName 和 ConnectionContext。
呼叫 LoadProperties 方法。如果這個方法傳回 false，則表示步驟 2 中指定的屬性不正確，或伺服器上沒有該發行集存在。
執行位元運算邏輯 AND (Visual C# 中的&和 Visual Basic 中的 And)，位於 Attributes 屬性和 AllowPull 之間。如果結果為 None，則將 Attributes 設為 | 屬性和 Or 之間位元運算邏輯 OR (Visual C# 中的 Attributes ，並將 AllowPull＞。然後呼叫 CommitPropertyChanges 以啟用提取訂閱。
如果訂閱資料庫不存在，可使用 Database 類別建立它。如需詳細資訊，請參閱建立、改變和移除資料庫。
建立 TransPullSubscription 類別的執行個體。
設定下列訂閱屬性：
- 將 ServerConnection 設為到步驟 1 中建立之「訂閱者」的 ConnectionContext。
- 將 DatabaseName設為訂閱資料庫的名稱。
- 將 PublisherName設為「發行者」的名稱。
- 將 PublicationDBName設為發行集資料庫的名稱。
- 將 PublicationName設為發行集的名稱。
- 將 Login，並將 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 的 Password 欄位，為在 [訂閱者] 上執行 [散發代理程式] 時所使用的 Microsoft Windows 帳戶提供認證。此帳戶用於建立到「訂閱者」的本機連接，以及使用「Windows 驗證」建立遠端連接。
  
  注意
  
  當訂閱是由 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 固定伺服器角色的成員建立時，不需要設定 P:Microsoft.SqlServer.Replication.PullSubscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity ，但還是建議您對其進行設定。在這種情況下，代理程式會模擬「SQL Server Agent」帳戶。如需詳細資訊，請參閱複寫代理程式安全性模型。
- (選擇性) \@value 指定為 CreateSyncAgentByDefault 值，以建立用於同步處理訂閱的代理程式作業。如果指定 false (預設值)，則只能以程式設計的方式同步處理訂閱，而且您在從 TransSynchronizationAgent 屬性存取此物件時必須指定其他屬性 SynchronizationAgent 。如需相關資訊，請參閱 Synchronize a Pull Subscription。
  
  注意
  
  並非所有 Microsoft SQL Server 版本都可使用 SQL Server Agent。如需 SQL Server 版本支援的功能清單，請參閱 SQL Server 2022 的版本和支援功能。當您為 Express 訂閱者指定值 true 時，不會建立代理程式作業。不過，在「訂閱者」上會儲存重要的訂閱相關中繼資料。
- (選擇性) 在使用「SQL Server 驗證」連接到「散發者」時，設定 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword (或 DistributorSecurity ) 欄位。
呼叫 Create 方法。
使用步驟 2 中 TransPublication 類別的執行個體，呼叫 MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown 方法，以使用「發行者」註冊提取訂閱。如果此註冊已存在，則會發生例外狀況。

若要建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱

使用 ServerConnection 類別建立到「訂閱者」和「發行者」的連接。
使用步驟 1 中的發行者連接建立 MergePublication 類別的執行個體。指定 Name、 DatabaseName和 ConnectionContext。
呼叫 LoadProperties 方法。如果這個方法傳回 false，則表示步驟 2 中指定的屬性不正確，或伺服器上沒有該發行集存在。
執行位元運算邏輯 AND (Visual C# 中的&和 Visual Basic 中的 And)，位於 Attributes 屬性和 AllowPull 之間。如果結果為 None，則將 Attributes 設為 | 屬性和 Or 之間位元運算邏輯 OR (Visual C# 中的 Attributes ，並將 AllowPull＞。然後呼叫 CommitPropertyChanges 以啟用提取訂閱。
如果訂閱資料庫不存在，可使用 Database 類別建立它。如需詳細資訊，請參閱建立、改變和移除資料庫。
建立 MergePullSubscription 類別的執行個體。
設定下列訂閱屬性：
- 將 ServerConnection 設為到步驟 1 中建立之「訂閱者」的 ConnectionContext。
- 將 DatabaseName設為訂閱資料庫的名稱。
- 將 PublisherName設為「發行者」的名稱。
- 將 PublicationDBName設為發行集資料庫的名稱。
- 將 PublicationName設為發行集的名稱。
- 將 Login，並將 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 的 Password 欄位，為在 [訂閱者] 上執行 [合併代理程式] 時所使用的 Microsoft Windows 帳戶提供認證。此帳戶用於建立到「訂閱者」的本機連接，以及使用「Windows 驗證」建立遠端連接。
  
  注意
  
  當訂閱是由 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 固定伺服器角色的成員建立時，不需要設定 P:Microsoft.SqlServer.Replication.PullSubscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity ，但還是建議您對其進行設定。在這種情況下，代理程式會模擬「SQL Server Agent」帳戶。如需詳細資訊，請參閱複寫代理程式安全性模型。
- (選擇性) \@value 指定為 CreateSyncAgentByDefault 值，以建立用於同步處理訂閱的代理程式作業。如果指定 false (預設值)，則只能以程式設計的方式同步處理訂閱，而且您在從 MergeSynchronizationAgent 屬性存取此物件時必須指定其他屬性 SynchronizationAgent 。如需相關資訊，請參閱 Synchronize a Pull Subscription。
- (選擇性) 在使用「SQL Server 驗證」連接到「散發者」時，設定 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword (或 DistributorSecurity ) 欄位。
- (選擇性) 在使用「SQL Server 驗證」連接到「發行者」時，設定 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword (或 PublisherSecurity ) 欄位。
呼叫 Create 方法。
使用步驟 2 中 MergePublication 類別的執行個體，呼叫 MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown 方法，以使用「發行者」註冊提取訂閱。如果此註冊已存在，則會發生例外狀況。

範例 (RMO)

此範例會建立交易式發行集的提取訂閱。在執行階段傳遞、用於建立 [散發代理程式] 作業的 Microsoft Windows 帳戶認證。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksProductTran";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
TransPublication publication;  
TransPullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
    publisherConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = new TransPublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.IsExistingObject)  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new TransPullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
  
        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;  
  
        // Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;  
  
        // By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized   
        // continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.  
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (TransSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                TransSubscriberType.ReadOnly);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksProductTran"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As TransPublication  
Dim subscription As TransPullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
    publisherConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = New TransPublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.IsExistingObject Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New TransPullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
        subscription.Description = "Pull subscription to " + publicationDbName _  
        + " on " + subscriberName + "."  
  
        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword  
  
        ' Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True  
  
        ' By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized   
        ' continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.  
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As TransSubscription In publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName And _  
                existing.SubscriptionDBName = subscriptionDbName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next existing  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             TransSubscriberType.ReadOnly)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

此範例會建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱。用於建立「合併代理程式」作業的 Windows 帳戶認證是在執行階段傳遞的。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
string hostname = @"adventure-works\garrett1";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
MergePublication publication;  
MergePullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = new MergePublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.LoadProperties())  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
        subscription.HostName = hostname;  
  
        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;  
  
        // Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName  
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
Dim hostname As String = "adventure-works\garrett1"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As MergePublication  
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = New MergePublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.LoadProperties() Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
        subscription.HostName = hostname  
  
        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword  
  
        ' Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _  
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

此範例會建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱，而不會在 MSsubscription_properties中建立相關聯的代理程式作業和訂閱中繼資料。用於建立「合併代理程式」作業的 Windows 帳戶認證是在執行階段傳遞的。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
MergePublication publication;  
MergePullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = new MergePublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.LoadProperties())  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
  
        // Specify that an agent job not be created for this subscription. The  
        // subscription can only be synchronized by running the Merge Agent directly.  
        // Subscripition metadata stored in MSsubscription_properties will not  
        // be available and must be specified at run time.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = false;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName  
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As MergePublication  
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = New MergePublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.LoadProperties() Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
  
        ' Specify that an agent job not be created for this subscription. The  
        ' subscription can only be synchronized by running the Merge Agent directly.  
        ' Subscripition metadata stored in MSsubscription_properties will not  
        ' be available and must be specified at run time.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = False  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _  
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
     "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

此範例會建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱，使用 Web 同步處理可以從網際網路對其進行同步處理。用於建立「合併代理程式」作業的 Windows 帳戶認證是在執行階段傳遞的。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 Configure Web Synchronization。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
string hostname = @"adventure-works\garrett1";  
string webSyncUrl = "https://" + publisherInstance + "/WebSync/replisapi.dll";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
MergePublication publication;  
MergePullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions and Web synchronization.  
    publication = new MergePublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.LoadProperties())  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
        subscription.HostName = hostname;  
  
        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;  
  
        // Enable Web synchronization.  
        subscription.UseWebSynchronization = true;  
        subscription.InternetUrl = webSyncUrl;  
  
        // Specify the same Windows credentials to use when connecting to the  
        // Web server using HTTPS Basic Authentication.  
        subscription.InternetSecurityMode = AuthenticationMethod.BasicAuthentication;  
        subscription.InternetLogin = winLogin;  
        subscription.InternetPassword = winPassword;  
  
        // Ensure that we create a job for this subscription.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName  
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
Dim hostname As String = "adventure-works\garrett1"  
Dim webSyncUrl As String = "https://" + publisherInstance + "/WebSync/replisapi.dll"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As MergePublication  
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions and Web synchronization.  
    publication = New MergePublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.LoadProperties() Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
        subscription.HostName = hostname  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True  
  
        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword  
  
        ' Enable Web synchronization.  
        subscription.UseWebSynchronization = True  
        subscription.InternetUrl = webSyncUrl  
  
        ' Specify the same Windows credentials to use when connecting to the  
        ' Web server using HTTPS Basic Authentication.  
        subscription.InternetSecurityMode = AuthenticationMethod.BasicAuthentication  
        subscription.InternetLogin = winLogin  
        subscription.InternetPassword = winPassword  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _  
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
     "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

另請參閱

複寫管理物件概念
 檢視及修改提取訂閱屬性
 設定 Web 同步處理
 訂閱發行集
 複寫安全性最佳作法

建立提取訂閱

使用 SQL Server Management Studio

若要從發行者建立提取訂閱

若要從訂閱者建立提取訂閱

使用 TRANSACT-SQL

若要建立快照式或交易式發行集的提取訂閱

若要建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱

範例 (Transact-SQL)

使用 Replication Management Objects (RMO)

若要建立快照式或交易式發行集的提取訂閱

若要建立合併式發行集的提取訂閱

範例 (RMO)

另請參閱

意見反應

意見反應

其他資源