Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Vlastnost
Definice
Důležité
Některé informace platí pro předběžně vydaný produkt, který se může zásadně změnit, než ho výrobce nebo autor vydá. Microsoft neposkytuje žádné záruky, výslovné ani předpokládané, týkající se zde uváděných informací.
Získá hodnotu označující, zda výchozí poskytovatel členství vyžaduje, aby uživatel odpověděl na otázku hesla pro resetování hesla a načtení.
public:
static property bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer { bool get(); };
public static bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer { get; }
static member RequiresQuestionAndAnswer : bool
Public Shared ReadOnly Property RequiresQuestionAndAnswer As Boolean
Hodnota vlastnosti
true
pokud se pro resetování a načtení hesla vyžaduje odpověď na heslo; v opačném případě . false
Příklady
Následující příklad kódu ukazuje prvek členství v system.web
části souboru Web.config pro ASP.NET aplikace. Určuje, že aplikace používá instanci SqlMembershipProvidernástroje , umožňuje resetování hesla a při resetování vyžaduje odpověď na heslo.
<membership defaultProvider="SqlProvider" userIsOnlineTimeWindow="20">
<providers>
<add name="SqlProvider"
type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider"
connectionStringName="SqlServices"
enablePasswordRetrieval="false"
enablePasswordReset="true"
requiresQuestionAndAnswer="true"
passwordFormat="Hashed"
applicationName="MyApplication" />
</providers>
</membership>
Následující ukázka kódu zkontroluje hodnotu RequiresQuestionAndAnswer a přidá potřebné ovládací prvky pro otázku a odpověď hesla, které se mají zadat při vytváření uživatele.
Důležité
Tento příklad obsahuje textové pole, které přijímá vstup uživatele, což je potenciální bezpečnostní hrozba. Ve výchozím nastavení ASP.NET webové stránky ověřují, že uživatelský vstup neobsahuje skript nebo elementy HTML. Další informace najdete v tématu Přehled zneužití skriptů.
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
public void CreateUser_OnClick(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
// Create new user and retrieve create status result.
MembershipCreateStatus status;
string passwordQuestion = "";
string passwordAnswer = "";
if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer)
{
passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text;
passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text;
}
try
{
MembershipUser newUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text, PasswordTextbox.Text,
EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion,
passwordAnswer, true, out status);
if (newUser == null)
{
Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status);
}
else
{
Response.Redirect("login.aspx");
}
}
catch
{
Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user.";
}
}
public string GetErrorMessage(MembershipCreateStatus status)
{
switch (status)
{
case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
return "Username already exists. Please enter a different user name.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
return "A username for that email address already exists. Please enter a different email address.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
return "The password provided is invalid. Please enter a valid password value.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
return "The email address provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
return "The password retrieval answer provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
return "The password retrieval question provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName:
return "The user name provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
return "The authentication provider returned an error. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
return "The user creation request has been canceled. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";
default:
return "An unknown error occurred. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";
}
}
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<h3>Create New User</h3>
<asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon" runat="server" /><br />
<table cellpadding="3" border="0">
<tr>
<td>Username:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Confirm Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" />
<asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
ErrorMessage="Confirm password must match password." />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email Address:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer) { %>
<tr>
<td>Password Question:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password Answer:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% } %>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton" Text="Create User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick" runat="server" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
Public Sub CreateUser_OnClick(sender As Object, args As EventArgs)
' Create new user and retrieve create status result.
Dim status As MembershipCreateStatus
Dim passwordQuestion As String = ""
Dim passwordAnswer As String = ""
If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then
passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text
passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text
End If
Try
Dim newUser As MembershipUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text, PasswordTextbox.Text, _
EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion, _
passwordAnswer, True, status)
If newUser Is Nothing Then
Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status)
Else
Response.Redirect("login.aspx")
End If
Catch
Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user."
End Try
End Sub
Public Function GetErrorMessage(status As MembershipCreateStatus) As String
Select Case status
Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
Return "Username already exists. Please enter a different user name."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
Return "A username for that email address already exists. Please enter a different email address."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
Return "The password provided is invalid. Please enter a valid password value."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
Return "The email address provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
Return "The password retrieval answer provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
Return "The password retrieval question provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName
Return "The user name provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
Return "The authentication provider returned an error. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
Return "The user creation request has been canceled. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."
Case Else:
Return "An unknown error occurred. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."
End Select
End Function
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<h3>Create New User</h3>
<asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon" runat="server" />
<table cellpadding="3" border="0">
<tr>
<td>Username:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Confirm Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" />
<asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
ErrorMessage="Confirm password must match password." />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email Address:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then %>
<tr>
<td>Password Question:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password Answer:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% End If %>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton" Text="Create User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick" runat="server" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Poznámky
Vyžadování otázky a odpovědi na heslo poskytuje další vrstvu zabezpečení při načítání nebo resetování hesla uživatele. Uživatelé můžou při vytvoření svého uživatelského jména zadat otázku a odpověď, kterou můžou později použít k načtení nebo resetování zapomenutého hesla.
RequiresQuestionAndAnswer je zaškrtnuté, když ResetPassword je volána nebo GetPassword je volána. Zprostředkovatel poskytnutý s rozhraním .NET Framework vyvolá NotSupportedException chybu if RequiresQuestionAndAnswer is true
a zadaná odpověď hesla je null
.
Pokud EnablePasswordReset jsou i EnablePasswordRetrieval , false
RequiresQuestionAndAnswer můžete je stále používat k vynucení vytváření otázek a odpovědí při vytváření nových uživatelů. Otázka a odpověď se ale nebudou používat. Pomocí třídy budete moct načíst otázku MembershipUser .
Další informace naleznete v tématech ResetPassword a GetPassword.