@Jon Honhart, Thanks for posting in Q&A. From your description, it seems the Microsoft Entra joined is failed. Before going on, I would like to confirm if we just want to do Microsoft Entra join or also want to enroll into Intune.
To do Microsoft Entra join, please firstly ensure it is supported on Microsoft Entra portal.
Then go to the device and click Settings-> Accounts-> Access work or school, and then select Connect. On the Set up a work or school account screen, select Join this device to Azure Active Directory. then see if can be successful.
However, if it is failed, please get screen shot of the error message we get.
Meanwhile, if we also want the device to enroll into Intune, please ensure the Automatic enrollment is configured and the MDM user scope: is set to all or the user group you select.
Please try the above suggestion and if there's any update, feel free to let us know.
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