Dear @Yang Zhao
Thank you for posting your question in the Microsoft Q&A forum.
According to your issue, I understand you are unable to re-register the MFA from the Microsoft Authenticator app after you lost your old device.
I understand that you are a Global Administrator but are unable to find the previous MFA registration in the Admin Center. Could you please check if there are any other Global Administrators in your organization who might be able to assist with this? Alternatively, you can try creating another Global Administrator account (If you still have access in Admin Center) and access the Admin Center using a different browser or in incognito mode via this account.
If you can sign in by another Global Admin account or have another GA assist, please follow this article to proceed to reset your 2FA so that you could re-register again: Manage authentication methods for Microsoft Entra multifactor authentication - Microsoft Entra ID | Microsoft Learn
If no, then you are the only Global Administrator and you are completely locked out from the tenant. You might need to contact us via phone service number: Customer service phone numbers - Microsoft Support. The agent will be able to create a ticket for you under the affected tenant and then transfer this ticket to DataProtection team who could help you.
If you need further assistance, please let us know.
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