Publish NuGet packages with Azure Pipelines (YAML/Classic)

Azure DevOps Services | Azure DevOps Server 2022 - Azure DevOps Server 2019

In Azure Pipelines, you can use the classic editor or the YAML tasks to publish your NuGet packages within your pipeline, to your Azure Artifacts feed, or to public registries such as nuget.org.

Create a NuGet package

There are various ways to create your NuGet packages such as using Visual Studio to pack your NuGet packages. If you're already using MSBuild or some other task to create your packages, skip this section and jump to the publish NuGet packages section.

YAML

To create a NuGet package, add the following snippet to your pipeline YAML file. For more information, see NuGet task.

- task: NuGetCommand@2
  inputs:
    command: pack
    packagesToPack: '**/*.csproj'
    packDestination: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'

• packagesToPack: pattern to search for csproj directories to pack
• packDestination: directory where packages are created

Classic

From your pipeline definition, add the NuGet task to your pipeline to create a NuGet package. Make sure to add this task below the one building your application and above any tasks that require your NuGet package.

• Command:: the NuGet command to run.
• Path to csproj or nuspec file(s) to pack: pattern to search for csproj directories to pack.
• Configuration to package: specifies the configuration to package when using a `.csproj file.
• Package folder: directory where packages are created.

Package versioning

NuGet packages are distinguished by their names and version numbers. Employing Semantic Versioning is a recommended strategy for effectively managing package versions. Semantic versions consist of three numeric components: Major, Minor, and Patch.

The Patch is incremented after fixing a bug. When you release a new backward-compatible feature, you increment the Minor version and reset the Patch version to 0. When you make a backward-incompatible change, you increment the Major version and reset the Minor and Patch versions to 0.

With Semantic Versioning, you can also use prerelease labels to tag your packages. To do so, enter a hyphen followed by your prerelease tag: E.g.1.0.0-beta. Semantic Versioning is supported in Azure Pipelines and can be configured in your NuGet task as follows:

• Use the date and time (Classic): byPrereleaseNumber (YAML). Your package version is in the format: Major.Minor.Patch-ci-datetime where you have the flexibility to choose the values of your Major, Minor, and Patch.

• Use an environment variable (Classic): byEnvVar (YAML). Your package version is set to the value of the environment variable you specify.

• Use the build number (Classic): byBuildNumber (YAML). Your package version is set to the build number. Make sure you set your build number format under your pipeline Options to $(BuildDefinitionName)_$(Year:yyyy).$(Month).$(DayOfMonth)$(Rev:.r). To do set the format in YAML, add a property name: at the root of your pipeline and add your format.

The following example shows how to use the date and time versioning option to generate a SemVer compliant version formatted as: Major.Minor.Patch-ci-datetime.

YAML

variables:
  Major: '1'
  Minor: '0'
  Patch: '0'

steps:
- task: NuGetCommand@2
  inputs:
    command: pack
    versioningScheme: byPrereleaseNumber
    majorVersion: '$(Major)'
    minorVersion: '$(Minor)'
    patchVersion: '$(Patch)'

Classic

1. From your classic pipeline definition, select your NuGet task, select Pack options and then select Use the date and time.

   

Note

DotNetCore and DotNetStandard packages should be packaged with the DotNetCoreCLI@2 task to avoid System.InvalidCastExceptions. For more information, see .NET Core CLI task.

task: DotNetCoreCLI@2
inputs:
    command: pack
    versioningScheme: byPrereleaseNumber
    majorVersion: '$(Major)'
    minorVersion: '$(Minor)'
    patchVersion: '$(Patch)'

Publish NuGet packages

To publish packages to an Azure Artifacts feed from your pipeline, the pipeline identity must have the Feed Publisher (Contributor) role on the feed. For more information, see Pipelines permissions.

YAML

steps:
- task: NuGetAuthenticate@1
  displayName: 'NuGet Authenticate'
- task: NuGetCommand@2
  displayName: 'NuGet push'
  inputs:
    command: push
    publishVstsFeed: '<projectName>/<feed>'
    allowPackageConflicts: true

To publish a package to an external NuGet feed, you must first create a service connection to connect to that feed. To create a service connection:

1. Go to Project settings > Service connections > New service connection.
2. Select NuGet, and then select Next.
3. Fill out the form and then select Save when you're done.

For more information, see Manage service connections.

Note

The NuGetAuthenticate@1 task supports a service connection using basic authenication. The task doesn't support NuGet API key authentication. If your service connection uses ApiKey, you must use the NuGetCommand@2 task and specify the NuGet API key in the arguments field. For more information, see NuGet task.

To publish a package to an external NuGet feed, add the following snippet to your YAML pipeline.

Using the Command line task (with NuGet.exe):

  - task: NuGetAuthenticate@1
    inputs:
      nuGetServiceConnections: <NAME_OF_YOUR_SERVICE_CONNECTION>

  - script: |
      nuget push <PACKAGE_PATH> -src https://pkgs.dev.azure.com/<ORGANIZATION_NAME>/<PROJECT_NAME>/_packaging/<FEED_NAME>/nuget/v3/index.json -ApiKey <ANY_STRING>
    displayName: "Push"          

Using the Command line task (with dotnet):

  - task: NuGetAuthenticate@1
    inputs:
      nuGetServiceConnections: <NAME_OF_YOUR_SERVICE_CONNECTION>

  - script: |
      dotnet build <CSPROJ_PATH> --configuration <CONFIGURATION>
      dotnet pack <CSPROJ_PATH> -p:PackageVersion=<YOUR_PACKAGE_VERSION> --output <OUTPUT_DIRECTORY> --configuration <CONFIGURATION>
      dotnet nuget push <PACKAGE_PATH> --source https://pkgs.dev.azure.com/<ORGANIZATION_NAME>/<PROJECT_NAME>/_packaging/<FEED_NAME>/nuget/v3/index.json --api-key <ANY_STRING>
    displayName: "Build, pack and push"          

Note

The ApiKey is required, but you can use any arbitrary value when pushing to Azure Artifacts feeds.

Classic

To publish NuGet packages with Azure Pipelines, add the NuGet task to your pipeline definition and configure it as follows:

• Command: the NuGet command to run.
• Path to NuGet package(s) to publish: the pattern to match or path to nupkg files to be uploaded.
• Target feed location: You can publish to your current organization or an external NuGet server.
• Target feed: Select the feed that you want to publish to.

Publish to NuGet.org

1. Generate an API key.

2. Navigate to your Azure DevOps project and then select Project settings.

3. Select Service Connections, and then select New service connection.

4. Select NuGet, and then select Next.

5. Select ApiKey as your authentication method. Use the following url for your Feed URL: https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json.

6. Enter the ApiKey you generated earlier, and then enter a Service connection name.

7. Select Grant access permission to all pipelines, and then select Save when you're done. To select this option, you need the service connection Administrator role.

YAML

Add the following YAML snippet to your pipeline definition:

steps:
- task: NuGetCommand@2
  displayName: 'NuGet push'
  inputs:
    command: push
    nuGetFeedType: external
    publishFeedCredentials: nuget.org

Classic

Add the NuGet task to your pipeline definition and configure it as follows:

1. Select the Push Command.

2. Select the Path to NuGet package(s) to publish or keep the default value.

3. Select External NuGet server for your Target feed location, and then select the service connection you created earlier.

4. Select Save & queue when you're done.

Related articles

• Publish npm packages with Azure Pipelines
• Publish and download Universal Packages in Azure Pipelines
• Releases in Azure Pipelines
• Release artifacts and artifact sources