Enumerable.Aggregate Method

Definition

Namespace:

System.Linq

Assembly:

System.Linq.dll

Overloads

Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, Func<TAccumulate,TResult>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value, and the specified function is used to select the result value.
Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value.
Aggregate<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TSource,TSource>)	Applies an accumulator function over a sequence.

Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, Func<TAccumulate,TResult>)

Source:

Aggregate.cs

Applies an accumulator function over a sequence. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value, and the specified function is used to select the result value.

public:
generic <typename TSource, typename TAccumulate, typename TResult>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
 static TResult Aggregate(System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ source, TAccumulate seed, Func<TAccumulate, TSource, TAccumulate> ^ func, Func<TAccumulate, TResult> ^ resultSelector);

public static TResult Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate,TResult> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> source, TAccumulate seed, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate> func, Func<TAccumulate,TResult> resultSelector);

static member Aggregate : seq<'Source> * 'Accumulate * Func<'Accumulate, 'Source, 'Accumulate> * Func<'Accumulate, 'Result> -> 'Result

<Extension()>
Public Function Aggregate(Of TSource, TAccumulate, TResult) (source As IEnumerable(Of TSource), seed As TAccumulate, func As Func(Of TAccumulate, TSource, TAccumulate), resultSelector As Func(Of TAccumulate, TResult)) As TResult

Type Parameters

TSource

The type of the elements of source.

TAccumulate

The type of the accumulator value.

TResult

The type of the resulting value.

Parameters

source

IEnumerable<TSource>

An IEnumerable<T> to aggregate over.

seed

TAccumulate

The initial accumulator value.

func

Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>

An accumulator function to be invoked on each element.

resultSelector

Func<TAccumulate,TResult>

A function to transform the final accumulator value into the result value.

Returns

TResult

The transformed final accumulator value.

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

source or func or resultSelector is null.

Examples

The following code example demonstrates how to use Aggregate to apply an accumulator function and a result selector.

string[] fruits = { "apple", "mango", "orange", "passionfruit", "grape" };

// Determine whether any string in the array is longer than "banana".
string longestName =
    fruits.Aggregate("banana",
                    (longest, next) =>
                        next.Length > longest.Length ? next : longest,
                    // Return the final result as an upper case string.
                    fruit => fruit.ToUpper());

Console.WriteLine(
    "The fruit with the longest name is {0}.",
    longestName);

// This code produces the following output:
//
// The fruit with the longest name is PASSIONFRUIT.

Sub AggregateEx3()
    Dim fruits() As String =
    {"apple", "mango", "orange", "passionfruit", "grape"}

    ' Determine whether any string in the array is longer than "banana".
    Dim longestName As String =
    fruits.Aggregate("banana",
                     Function(ByVal longest, ByVal fruit) _
                         IIf(fruit.Length > longest.Length, fruit, longest),
                     Function(ByVal fruit) fruit.ToUpper())

    ' Display the output.
    Console.WriteLine($"The fruit with the longest name is {longestName}")
End Sub

' This code produces the following output:
'
' The fruit with the longest name is PASSIONFRUIT

Remarks

The Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, Func<TAccumulate,TResult>) method makes it simple to perform a calculation over a sequence of values. This method works by calling func one time for each element in source. Each time func is called, Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, Func<TAccumulate,TResult>) passes both the element from the sequence and an aggregated value (as the first argument to func). The value of the seed parameter is used as the initial aggregate value. The result of func replaces the previous aggregated value. The final result of func is passed to resultSelector to obtain the final result of Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate,TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>, Func<TAccumulate,TResult>).

To simplify common aggregation operations, the standard query operators also include a general purpose count method, Count, and four numeric aggregation methods, namely Min, Max, Sum, and Average.

Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>)

Source:

Aggregate.cs

Applies an accumulator function over a sequence. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value.

public:
generic <typename TSource, typename TAccumulate>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
 static TAccumulate Aggregate(System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ source, TAccumulate seed, Func<TAccumulate, TSource, TAccumulate> ^ func);

public static TAccumulate Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> source, TAccumulate seed, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate> func);

static member Aggregate : seq<'Source> * 'Accumulate * Func<'Accumulate, 'Source, 'Accumulate> -> 'Accumulate

<Extension()>
Public Function Aggregate(Of TSource, TAccumulate) (source As IEnumerable(Of TSource), seed As TAccumulate, func As Func(Of TAccumulate, TSource, TAccumulate)) As TAccumulate

Type Parameters

TSource

The type of the elements of source.

TAccumulate

The type of the accumulator value.

Parameters

source

IEnumerable<TSource>

An IEnumerable<T> to aggregate over.

seed

TAccumulate

The initial accumulator value.

func

Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>

An accumulator function to be invoked on each element.

Returns

TAccumulate

The final accumulator value.

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

source or func is null.

Examples

The following code example demonstrates how to use Aggregate to apply an accumulator function and use a seed value.

int[] ints = { 4, 8, 8, 3, 9, 0, 7, 8, 2 };

// Count the even numbers in the array, using a seed value of 0.
int numEven = ints.Aggregate(0, (total, next) =>
                                    next % 2 == 0 ? total + 1 : total);

Console.WriteLine("The number of even integers is: {0}", numEven);

// This code produces the following output:
//
// The number of even integers is: 6

Sub AggregateEx2()
    ' Create an array of Integers.
    Dim ints() As Integer = {4, 8, 8, 3, 9, 0, 7, 8, 2}

    ' Count the even numbers in the array, using a seed value of 0.
    Dim numEven As Integer =
    ints.Aggregate(0,
                   Function(ByVal total, ByVal number) _
                       IIf(number Mod 2 = 0, total + 1, total))

    ' Display the output.
    Console.WriteLine($"The number of even integers is {numEven}")
End Sub

' This code produces the following output:
'
'The number of even integers is 6

Remarks

The Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>) method makes it simple to perform a calculation over a sequence of values. This method works by calling func one time for each element in source. Each time func is called, Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>) passes both the element from the sequence and an aggregated value (as the first argument to func). The value of the seed parameter is used as the initial aggregate value. The result of func replaces the previous aggregated value. Aggregate<TSource,TAccumulate>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TAccumulate, Func<TAccumulate,TSource,TAccumulate>) returns the final result of func.

To simplify common aggregation operations, the standard query operators also include a general purpose count method, Count, and four numeric aggregation methods, namely Min, Max, Sum, and Average.

Aggregate<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TSource,TSource>)

Source:

Aggregate.cs

Applies an accumulator function over a sequence.

public:
generic <typename TSource>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
 static TSource Aggregate(System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ source, Func<TSource, TSource, TSource> ^ func);

public static TSource Aggregate<TSource> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource,TSource,TSource> func);

static member Aggregate : seq<'Source> * Func<'Source, 'Source, 'Source> -> 'Source

<Extension()>
Public Function Aggregate(Of TSource) (source As IEnumerable(Of TSource), func As Func(Of TSource, TSource, TSource)) As TSource

Type Parameters

TSource

The type of the elements of source.

Parameters

source

IEnumerable<TSource>

An IEnumerable<T> to aggregate over.

func

Func<TSource,TSource,TSource>

An accumulator function to be invoked on each element.

Returns

TSource

The final accumulator value.

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

source or func is null.

InvalidOperationException

source contains no elements.

Examples

The following code example demonstrates how to reverse the order of words in a string by using Aggregate.

string sentence = "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";

// Split the string into individual words.
string[] words = sentence.Split(' ');

// Prepend each word to the beginning of the
// new sentence to reverse the word order.
string reversed = words.Aggregate((workingSentence, next) =>
                                      next + " " + workingSentence);

Console.WriteLine(reversed);

// This code produces the following output:
//
// dog lazy the over jumps fox brown quick the

Sub AggregateEx1()
    Dim sentence As String =
    "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"
    ' Split the string into individual words.
    Dim words() As String = sentence.Split(" "c)
    ' Prepend each word to the beginning of the new sentence to reverse the word order.
    Dim reversed As String =
    words.Aggregate(Function(ByVal current, ByVal word) word & " " & current)

    ' Display the output.
    Console.WriteLine(reversed)
End Sub

' This code produces the following output:
'
' dog lazy the over jumps fox brown quick the

Remarks

The Aggregate<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TSource,TSource>) method makes it simple to perform a calculation over a sequence of values. This method works by calling func one time for each element in source except the first one. Each time func is called, Aggregate<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TSource,TSource>) passes both the element from the sequence and an aggregated value (as the first argument to func). The first element of source is used as the initial aggregate value. The result of func replaces the previous aggregated value. Aggregate<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource,TSource,TSource>) returns the final result of func.

This overload of the Aggregate method isn't suitable for all cases because it uses the first element of source as the initial aggregate value. You should choose another overload if the return value should include only the elements of source that meet a certain condition. For example, this overload isn't reliable if you want to calculate the sum of the even numbers in source. The result will be incorrect if the first element is odd instead of even.

To simplify common aggregation operations, the standard query operators also include a general purpose count method, Count, and four numeric aggregation methods, namely Min, Max, Sum, and Average.