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Filesystem operations on Azure Data Lake Storage Gen1 using REST API

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In this article, you learn how to use WebHDFS REST APIs and Data Lake Storage Gen1 REST APIs to perform filesystem operations on Azure Data Lake Storage Gen1. For instructions on how to perform account management operations on Data Lake Storage Gen1 using REST API, see Account management operations on Data Lake Storage Gen1 using REST API.

Prerequisites

How do I authenticate using Microsoft Entra ID?

You can use two approaches to authenticate using Microsoft Entra ID.

Create folders

This operation is based on the WebHDFS REST API call defined here.

Use the following cURL command. Replace <yourstorename> with your Data Lake Storage Gen1 account name.

curl -i -X PUT -H "Authorization: Bearer <REDACTED>" -d "" 'https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/?op=MKDIRS'

In the preceding command, replace <REDACTED> with the authorization token you retrieved earlier. This command creates a directory called mytempdir under the root folder of your Data Lake Storage Gen1 account.

If the operation completes successfully, you should see a response like the following snippet:

{"boolean":true}

List folders

This operation is based on the WebHDFS REST API call defined here.

Use the following cURL command. Replace <yourstorename> with your Data Lake Storage Gen1 account name.

curl -i -X GET -H "Authorization: Bearer <REDACTED>" 'https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/?op=LISTSTATUS'

In the preceding command, replace <REDACTED> with the authorization token you retrieved earlier.

If the operation completes successfully, you should see a response like the following snippet:

{
"FileStatuses": {
    "FileStatus": [{
        "length": 0,
        "pathSuffix": "mytempdir",
        "type": "DIRECTORY",
        "blockSize": 268435456,
        "accessTime": 1458324719512,
        "modificationTime": 1458324719512,
        "replication": 0,
        "permission": "777",
        "owner": "<GUID>",
        "group": "<GUID>"
    }]
}
}

Upload data

This operation is based on the WebHDFS REST API call defined here.

Use the following cURL command. Replace <yourstorename> with your Data Lake Storage Gen1 account name.

curl -i -X PUT -L -T 'C:\temp\list.txt' -H "Authorization: Bearer <REDACTED>" 'https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/list.txt?op=CREATE'

In the preceding syntax -T parameter is the location of the file you are uploading.

The output is similar to the following snippet:

HTTP/1.1 307 Temporary Redirect
...
Location: https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/list.txt?op=CREATE&write=true
...
Content-Length: 0

HTTP/1.1 100 Continue

HTTP/1.1 201 Created
...

Read data

This operation is based on the WebHDFS REST API call defined here.

Reading data from a Data Lake Storage Gen1 account is a two-step process.

  • You first submit a GET request against the endpoint https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/myinputfile.txt?op=OPEN. This call returns a location to submit the next GET request to.
  • You then submit the GET request against the endpoint https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/myinputfile.txt?op=OPEN&read=true. This call displays the contents of the file.

However, because there is no difference in the input parameters between the first and the second step, you can use the -L parameter to submit the first request. -L option essentially combines two requests into one and makes cURL redo the request on the new location. Finally, the output from all the request calls is displayed, like shown in the following snippet. Replace <yourstorename> with your Data Lake Storage Gen1 account name.

curl -i -L GET -H "Authorization: Bearer <REDACTED>" 'https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/myinputfile.txt?op=OPEN'

You should see an output similar to the following snippet:

HTTP/1.1 307 Temporary Redirect
...
Location: https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/somerandomfile.txt?op=OPEN&read=true
...

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...

Hello, Data Lake Store user!

Rename a file

This operation is based on the WebHDFS REST API call defined here.

Use the following cURL command to rename a file. Replace <yourstorename> with your Data Lake Storage Gen1 account name.

curl -i -X PUT -H "Authorization: Bearer <REDACTED>" -d "" 'https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/myinputfile.txt?op=RENAME&destination=/mytempdir/myinputfile1.txt'

You should see an output similar to the following snippet:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...

{"boolean":true}

Delete a file

This operation is based on the WebHDFS REST API call defined here.

Use the following cURL command to delete a file. Replace <yourstorename> with your Data Lake Storage Gen1 account name.

curl -i -X DELETE -H "Authorization: Bearer <REDACTED>" 'https://<yourstorename>.azuredatalakestore.net/webhdfs/v1/mytempdir/myinputfile1.txt?op=DELETE'

You should see an output like the following:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...

{"boolean":true}

Next steps

See also